Progress and development proposals in the exploration and development of continental shale oil in China
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摘要:
研究目的 中国页岩油资源丰富且快速发展，但仍存在探明率低、开采难度大、产量低等关键问题，因此需要分析中国陆相页岩油勘探开发进展与形势，提出页岩油发展建议，服务国家能源安全保障。
研究方法 通过梳理国内外页岩油发展历程，分析近些年我国陆相页岩油勘探开发取得重大突破、重要进展的方向与领域，总结页岩油储产量增长点。
研究结果 鄂尔多斯盆地探明了国内首个10亿t页岩油大油田、松辽盆地古龙凹陷新增页岩油预测地质储量12.68亿t、渤海湾盆地古近系多口探井试获高产工业油流、准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔页岩油三级地质储量达5亿t等8项重大进展；形成了具有中国特色的页岩油富集理论和勘探开发技术；截至2021年底，全国页岩油探明地质储量12.2亿t，待探明地质资源量271.06亿t，探明率为4.3%，勘探潜力巨大；八个大中型含油气盆地取得多个层系页岩油调查勘探的重大突破，展示了中国陆相页岩油广阔的发展前景。
结论 鄂尔多斯盆地、渤海湾盆地、松辽盆地、准噶尔盆地、四川盆地、江汉盆地是页岩油未来勘探开发主要地区，有望成为“十四五”油气现实接替领域；渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷渤南地区古近系、鄂尔多斯盆地陇东和伊陕斜坡三叠系、松辽盆地古龙凹陷白垩系、准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷二叠系、四川盆地川东地区侏罗系、江汉盆地潜江凹陷古近系为增储上产的有利目标区；大型盆地页岩油资源潜力动态评价、不同类型页岩油成藏机理和不同成熟度页岩油勘探开发技术、中小型盆地页岩油调查评价是中国陆相页岩油下一步工作的重点方向。
Abstract:This paper is the result of oil and gas exploration engineering.
Objective In China, shale oil resources are abundant and developing rapidly, but there are still key issues such as low exploration rate, high extraction difficulty, and low production. Therefore, it is necessary to analysis the progress and situation of the exploration and development of continental shale oil, and suggestions for the development of shale oil are put forward to serve the national energy security.
Methods By combing the development history of shale oil at home and abroad, this paper analyzes the direction and field of the major breakthrough and important progress of continental shale oil exploration and development in recent years, and summarizes the growth points of shale oil reservest.
Results Eight major developments were made, mainly including the Ordos Basin proved the first one billion ton shale oil field in China, the estimated new shale oil reserves in Gulong Sag of Songliao Basin are 1.268 billion tons, a number of exploratory Wells in the Paleogene in Bohai Bay Basin have been tested to produce high industrial oil flow and the Jimsar shale oil third-level geological reserves of 500 million tons in Junggar Basin, which form the shale oil enrichment theory and exploration and development technology with Chinese characteristics. By the end of 2021, China had proven geological reserves of 1.22 billion tons of shale oil, with 27.106 million tons of unproven geological resources, representing a discovery rate of 4.3 percent and huge exploration potential. Eight large and medium-sized oil and gas basins have made major breakthroughs in the investigation and exploration of multiple layers of shale oil, which shows the broad development prospect of continental shale oil in China.
Conclusions Ordos Basin, Bohai Bay, Songliao Basin, Junggar Basin, Sichuan Basin and Jianghan Basin are the main areas for shale oil exploration and development in the future and is expected to become a realistic replacement field for oil and gas during the 14th Five-Year Plan. The Paleogene formation in Bonan area of Jiyang depression in Bohai Bay basin, the Triassic formation in Longdong and Yishan slopes of Ordos basin, the Cretaceous formation in Gulong sag of Songliao basin, the Permian formation in Jimusar sag of the Junggar Basin, the Jurassic formation in eastern Sichuan basin, and the Paleogene formation in Qianjiang sag of Jianghan basin are favorable target areas for increasing reserves and increasing production. The dynamic evaluation of shale oil resource potential in large basins, research on shale oil theory and exploration and development technologies with different maturities, and investigation and evaluation of shale oil in small and medium-sized basins are the key directions for the next development of continental shale oil in China.
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