Evolution of metamorphic processes in the Neoarchean mafic granulites of the Qingyuan Terrane in northern Liaoning, North China Craton
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摘要:
对华北克拉通新太古代的构造演化模式有多种不同的认识, 需要进行更加深入的变质作用研究。通过对辽北清原地体基性麻粒岩进行系统的岩相学观察、矿物化学分析、相平衡模拟和锆石定年研究, 以阐明其变质演化过程和大地构造意义。研究选择的基性麻粒岩样品分为含石榴石域(19DJ07-GD)和不含石榴石域(19DJ07-NGD)两类, 含石榴石的区域呈条带状且分布不均匀。两种区域都发育两期麻粒岩相组合。在含石榴石域, 第一期变质矿物组合为石榴石+单斜辉石+斜方辉石+角闪石+黑云母+斜长石+石英。其中, 第一期斜长石(Pl1)发育复杂成分环带, 钙长石摩尔分数(xAn)从核部到幔部升高, 然后再向边部降低; 第一期角闪石(Amp1)的Ti成分环带同样为从核部到幔部升高再向边部降低。通过矿物组合和相应的成分环带推测第一期麻粒岩相变质作用具有逆时针型P-T轨迹, 包含峰期前升温升压阶段以及峰后降温降压阶段。通过相平衡模拟约束峰期温压条件为0.8~0.9 GPa/900~950 ℃, 达到高温—超高温(high-ultrahigh temperature)变质条件。锆石定年结果表明变质作用峰后冷却时间为2498±6.9 Ma(MSWD=0.39)。综合区域上的"穹隆-龙骨"构造、逆时针的变质轨迹以及和TTG岩浆活动晚期脉冲几乎一致的表壳岩变质时间, 表壳岩超高温麻粒岩相变质作用被认为受太古宙特有的垂向构造/沉落(sagduction)构造体制控制。第二期变质组合以局部生长的石榴石+石英±单斜辉石的后成合晶/冠状体为特征, 代表一期与古元古代造山事件有关的高压麻粒岩相变质作用。
Abstract:Multiple interpretations exist regarding the tectonic evolution model of the Neoarchean North China Craton, requiring a more in-depth study of metamorphic processes. Systematic petrographic observations, mineral chemical analysis, phase equilibrium modeling, and zircon dating were conducted on the basic granulites from Qingyuan in northern Liaoning to elucidate their metamorphic evolution processes and geological significance. The selected samples of mafic granulites were divided into the garnet-bearing domain (19DJ07-GD) and garnet-free domain (19DJ07-NGD), with the garnet-bearing region displaying a banded and inhomogeneous distribution. Both domains exhibit two generations of granulite facies assemblages. In the garnet-bearing domain, the first-generation metamorphic mineral assemblage includes garnet + clinopyroxene + orthopyroxene + hornblende + biotite + plagioclase + quartz. Notably, the first-generation plagioclase (Pl1) exhibits a complex compositional zoning, with anorthite content (xAn) increasing from the core to the mantle and then decreasing towards the rim. Similarly, the titanium component zoning in the first-generation amphibole (Amp1) follows a pattern of increasing from the core to the mantle and then decreasing towards the rim. Based on mineral assemblages and corresponding component zoning, it is inferred that the first-generation granulite facies metamorphic process followed a counterclockwise P-Tpath, involving a pre-peak P-T rise stage and a post-peak P-T drop stage. Phase equilibrium modeling constrains the peak conditions at 0.8~0.9 GPa/900~950 ℃, indicative of high-ultrahigh-temperature (HT-UHT) metamorphism conditions. Zircon dating results yielded a post-peak cooling age of 2498±6.9 Ma (MSWD=0.39). Considering the regional "dome-and-keel" tectonics, the counterclockwise P-T path, and the metamorphic timing of supracrustal rock nearly synchronous with late-stage TTG magmatic pulses, the UHT metamorphism of the supracrustal rocks is believed to be controlled by the unique Archean vertical tectonics/sagduction system. The second-generation metamorphic assemblage is characterized by locally formed coronas or symplectites of garnet + quartz ± clinopyroxene, representing high-pressure (HP) granulite facies metamorphism associated with a Paleoproterozoic orogenic event.
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Key words:
- metamorphism /
- P-T path /
- zircon geochronology /
- Neoarchean /
- sagduction /
- North China Craton
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图 2 显示岩性分布和样品采集点的清原地区地质图(据Duan et al., 2019修改)
Figure 2.
表 1 清原地区基性麻粒岩的全岩成分以及相平衡模拟用的有效全岩成分
Table 1. Bulk-rock compositions and effective bulk-rock compositions of samples from Qingyuan terrane
样品 ICP-OES分析得到的全岩成分含量/% A/CNK Mg# SiO2 TiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 MnO MgO CaO Na2O K2O P2O5 LOI 19DJ07 50.20 1.46 12.86 15.15 0.21 5.32 10.41 3.10 0.59 0.18 0.17 0.53 0.41 样品 用于相平衡模拟的标准化全岩成分摩尔分数/% Mg# A/CNK 图幅 H2O SiO2 Al2O3 CaO MgO FeO K2O Na2O TiO2 O 19DJ07-GD 2.07 52.89 8.45 11.38 7.23 12.87 0.38 3.12 1.17 0.44 0.36 0.57 图 5 19DJ07-NGD 2.68 51.83 8.79 11.22 9.22 10.64 0.41 3.41 0.99 0.79 0.46 0.58 图 6 注：Fe2O3全铁；LOI烧失量；Mg#=MgO/(MgO+FeOtotal)；A/CNK=Al2O3/(CaO+Na2O+K2O) 
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表 2 清原地体基性麻粒岩19DJ07-GD中代表性矿物的探针分析
Table 2. Selected microprobe analyses for mafic granulite 19DJ07-GD from the Qingyuan terrane
矿物 Grt1-C Grt1-R Grt2 Cpx1 Cpx2 Opx1 Opx2 Amp0 Amp1-C Amp1-M Amp1-R Amp2 Bt1 Bt2 Pl1-C Pl1-M Pl1-R1 Pl1-R2 Pl2 SiO2 36.47 38.05 37.48 51.53 52.25 49.84 50.33 41.82 42.17 39.74 41.17 42.18 35.94 35.92 58.93 58.24 60.15 63.24 63.89 TiO2 0.10 0.11 - 0.07 0.08 0.02 0.05 2.39 1.83 2.10 1.57 1.66 4.77 4.70 0.02 0.03 - - - Al2O3 20.08 19.57 20.46 1.14 1.34 0.43 0.45 11.72 11.01 11.48 11.18 10.77 13.65 13.70 26.37 25.67 25.44 23.85 23.00 Cr2O3 0.05 0.02 0.02 0.06 0.03 - - - 0.07 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.06 - - 0.01 0.02 - - FeO 29.78 31.34 30.58 13.42 13.58 34.57 33.77 19.44 20.46 20.43 20.92 19.78 22.03 20.70 0.08 0.05 0.04 0.39 0.50 MnO 1.06 1.24 1.28 0.15 0.21 0.44 0.41 0.10 - - - 0.10 - - - - - - - MgO 2.90 2.83 2.95 11.05 11.02 14.08 14.71 7.56 8.03 7.62 7.55 8.30 10.00 9.84 - - - - - CaO 8.82 7.48 7.46 22.93 22.81 0.62 0.42 11.73 11.75 11.80 11.68 11.85 - - 8.90 8.56 7.29 5.44 4.62 Na2O 0.13 0.06 0.16 0.46 0.71 0.05 - 1.75 1.64 1.39 1.60 1.51 0.16 - 6.67 5.77 7.21 8.19 8.80 K2O - - - - - - - 1.34 1.41 1.20 1.30 1.18 9.51 9.37 0.10 0.07 0.14 0.12 0.03 Total 99.47 100.71 100.40 100.81 102.02 100.04 100.16 97.85 98.44 95.92 97.12 97.39 96.14 94.23 101.09 98.40 100.31 101.23 100.87 O 12.000 12.000 12.000 6.000 6.000 6.000 6.000 23.000 23.000 23.000 23.000 23.000 11.000 11.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 Si 2.912 3.018 2.969 1.940 1.941 1.966 1.976 6.383 6.412 6.199 6.357 6.452 2.768 2.800 2.609 2.635 2.669 2.765 2.799 Ti 0.006 0.007 - 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.274 0.209 0.246 0.182 0.191 0.276 0.276 0.001 0.001 - - - Al 1.890 1.830 1.911 0.051 0.059 0.020 0.021 2.109 1.974 2.111 2.035 1.942 1.239 1.259 1.376 1.369 1.331 1.229 1.188 Cr - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Fe3+ 0.299 0.130 0.175 0.097 0.106 0.050 0.024 - 0.120 0.360 0.216 0.150 - - - - - - - Fe2+ 1.690 1.949 1.850 0.325 0.316 1.090 1.085 2.481 2.481 2.305 2.485 2.381 1.419 1.350 - - - - - Mn 0.072 0.083 0.086 - - 0.015 0.014 0.013 - 0.011 0.010 - - - - - - - - Mg 0.345 0.335 0.348 0.620 0.610 0.828 0.861 1.720 1.820 1.771 1.737 1.892 1.148 1.143 - - - - - Ca 0.755 0.636 0.633 0.925 0.908 0.026 0.018 1.918 1.914 1.972 1.932 1.942 - - 0.422 0.415 0.347 0.255 0.217 Na 0.020 - 0.025 0.034 0.051 0.004 - 0.518 0.484 0.420 0.479 0.448 0.024 - 0.573 0.506 0.620 0.694 0.748 K - - - - - - - 0.261 0.274 0.239 0.256 0.230 0.934 0.932 - - - - - x(矿物) 0.26 0.21 0.22 0.66 0.66 0.43 0.44 0.41 0.42 0.43 0.41 0.44 0.45 0.46 0.42 0.45 0.36 0.27 0.22 y(矿物) 0.12 0.11 0.12 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 注: x(Grt)=xGr=Ca/(Fe2++Mg+Ca+Mn)；y(Grt)=xPy=Mg/(Fe2++Mg+Ca+Mn)；x(Cpx)=Mg/(Fe2++Mg)；x(Opx)=Mg/(Fe2++Mg)；x(Amp)=Mg/(Fe2++Mg)；x(Bt)=Mg/(Fe2++Mg+Mn)；x(Pl)=xAn=Ca/(Ca+Na+K)；y(Pl)=xOr=K/(Ca+Na+K)。后缀含义：-C，核部；-M，幔部；-R，边部；斜长石，-R1为内边、-R2为外边。矿物分子式采用AX程序计算。“-”指示该含量低于检测线。2~12行的单位为%，13~24行的单位为p.f.u.，25、26行的单位为%。
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表 3 清原地体基性麻粒岩样品19DJ07-NGD中代表性矿物的探针分析
Table 3. Selected microprobe analyses for mafic granulite 19DJ07-NGD from the Qingyuan terrane
矿物 Cpx1 Opx1 Amp0 Amp1-C Amp1-M Amp1-R Amp2 Bt1 Pl1-C Pl1-M Pl1-R1 Pl1-R2 Pl2 SiO2 52.38 50.88 41.82 43.01 42.78 42.28 42.86 36.81 59.73 59.53 59.67 63.35 63.18 TiO2 0.07 - 2.39 1.55 2.18 1.63 1.40 4.70 - - - - - Al2O3 1.23 0.39 11.72 10.57 11.37 11.53 11.48 13.48 25.94 26.61 25.77 23.45 23.67 Cr2O3 0.06 0.03 - 0.03 0.07 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.04 FeO 14.21 35.60 19.44 20.67 20.25 19.18 19.86 22.74 0.08 0.08 0.04 0.06 0.36 MnO 0.20 0.53 0.10 0.11 - - - - - - - - - MgO 10.20 13.75 7.56 8.65 8.03 8.71 8.71 9.27 - - - - - CaO 22.29 0.47 11.73 11.92 11.65 11.99 11.77 0.13 8.49 9.02 7.50 5.03 5.56 Na2O 0.50 - 1.75 1.37 1.61 1.62 1.46 0.08 6.67 6.01 6.61 8.36 8.11 K2O - - 1.34 1.31 1.23 1.25 1.31 9.52 0.14 0.16 0.17 0.19 0.23 Total 101.16 101.67 97.85 99.19 99.24 98.31 98.93 96.84 101.15 101.46 99.81 100.50 101.18 O 6.000 6.000 23.000 23.000 23.000 23.000 23.000 11.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 Si 1.976 1.984 6.383 6.451 6.421 6.388 6.422 2.816 2.637 2.619 2.658 2.786 2.766 Ti - - 0.274 0.175 0.246 0.185 0.158 0.270 - - - - - Al 0.055 0.018 2.109 1.869 2.012 2.054 2.028 1.216 1.350 1.380 1.353 1.216 1.222 Cr - - - 0.004 0.008 0.005 0.005 0.004 - - - - - Fe3+ 0.024 0.014 - 0.316 0.123 0.142 0.252 - - - - - 0.013 Fe2+ 0.424 1.147 2.481 2.277 2.420 2.282 2.236 1.455 - - - - - Mn - 0.018 0.013 0.014 - 0.010 - - - - - - - Mg 0.573 0.799 1.720 1.934 1.796 1.961 1.945 1.057 - - - - - Ca 0.901 0.020 1.918 1.916 1.874 1.941 1.890 0.011 0.402 0.425 0.358 0.237 0.261 Na 0.037 - 0.518 0.398 0.469 0.475 0.424 0.012 0.571 0.513 0.571 0.713 0.689 K - - 0.261 0.251 0.236 0.241 0.250 0.929 - - 0.010 0.011 0.013 x(矿物) 0.57 0.41 0.41 0.46 0.43 0.46 0.47 0.42 0.41 0.45 0.38 0.25 0.27 y(矿物) 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 注: x(Grt)=xGr=Ca/(Fe2++Mg+Ca+Mn)；y(Grt)=xPy=Mg/(Fe2++Mg+Ca+Mn)；x(Cpx)=Mg/(Fe2++Mg)；x(Opx)=Mg/(Fe2++Mg)；x(Amp)=Mg/(Fe2++Mg)；x(Bt)=Mg/(Fe2++Mg+Mn)；x(Pl)=xAn=Ca/(Ca+Na+K)；y(Pl)=xOr=K/(Ca+Na+K)。后缀含义：-C，核部；-M，幔部；-R，边部；斜长石，-R1为内边、-R2为外边。矿物分子式采用AX程序计算。“-”指示该含量低于检测线。2~12行的单位为%，13~24行的单位为p.f.u.，25、26行的单位为%。
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表 4 清原地体基性麻粒岩样品19DJ07的锆石U-Pb同位素数据
Table 4. U-Pb isotopic data for zircon of mafic granulite 19DJ07 from the Qingyuan terrane
232Th/×10-6 238U/×10-6 Th/U 校正后的同位素比值 校正后的年龄/Ma 207Pb/235Pb 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 207Pb/206U 1σ 207Pb/235Pb 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 207Pb/206U 1σ 19DJ07-02 101.76 412.86 0.25 10.65807 0.13565 0.47126 0.00469 0.16398 0.00215 2494 12 2489 21 2497 10 19DJ07-03 51.98 196.22 0.26 10.71738 0.13947 0.47578 0.00477 0.16333 0.00219 2499 12 2509 21 2490 10 19DJ07-04 48.30 139.87 0.35 10.99687 0.14640 0.48107 0.00487 0.16575 0.00228 2523 12 2532 21 2515 10 19DJ07-05 53.26 325.75 0.16 10.94539 0.14137 0.48217 0.00482 0.16459 0.00219 2519 12 2537 21 2503 10 19DJ07-06 128.79 844.01 0.15 10.79254 0.13826 0.48447 0.00482 0.16152 0.00213 2505 12 2547 21 2472 10 19DJ07-07 40.22 299.79 0.13 10.02721 0.13068 0.44111 0.00442 0.16482 0.00221 2437 12 2356 20 2506 10 19DJ07-08 65.81 378.36 0.17 10.56486 0.13723 0.46878 0.00469 0.16341 0.00219 2486 12 2478 21 2491 10 19DJ07-09 130.96 600.06 0.22 10.41049 0.13488 0.46489 0.00464 0.16237 0.00217 2472 12 2461 20 2480 10 19DJ07-10 73.42 402.44 0.18 10.73260 0.14078 0.47718 0.00478 0.16308 0.00220 2500 12 2515 21 2488 10 19DJ07-11 66.82 356.87 0.19 9.28255 0.13476 0.41464 0.00432 0.16232 0.00243 2366 13 2236 20 2480 12 19DJ07-12 113.78 578.19 0.20 10.29161 0.13614 0.45722 0.00458 0.16320 0.00222 2461 12 2427 20 2489 10 19DJ07-13 111.41 737.56 0.15 9.23818 0.12275 0.41160 0.00413 0.16274 0.00222 2362 12 2222 19 2484 11 19DJ07-14 203.43 816.71 0.25 9.01265 0.12004 0.41360 0.00415 0.15799 0.00216 2339 12 2231 19 2434 11 19DJ07-15 63.08 385.86 0.16 10.64258 0.14333 0.47371 0.00477 0.16289 0.00225 2492 13 2500 21 2486 11 19DJ07-16 206.75 1201.80 0.17 10.52492 0.14108 0.47749 0.00479 0.15981 0.00220 2482 12 2516 21 2454 11 19DJ07-17 72.53 658.48 0.11 10.17297 0.13737 0.45181 0.00454 0.16325 0.00226 2451 12 2403 20 2490 11 19DJ07-18 64.62 505.23 0.13 9.92018 0.13627 0.43789 0.00443 0.16425 0.00232 2427 13 2341 20 2500 11 19DJ07-19 187.81 605.52 0.31 10.36092 0.14190 0.45673 0.00461 0.16447 0.00231 2468 13 2425 20 2502 11 19DJ07-20 149.38 794.16 0.19 10.48069 0.14522 0.46511 0.00471 0.16338 0.00232 2478 13 2462 21 2491 11 19DJ07-21 84.37 195.32 0.43 11.03961 0.15985 0.48406 0.00497 0.16535 0.00245 2526 13 2545 22 2511 12 19DJ07-22 42.54 105.08 0.40 11.30560 0.16854 0.49434 0.00513 0.16581 0.00253 2549 14 2589 22 2516 12 19DJ07-23 182.24 738.27 0.25 10.49468 0.14943 0.46203 0.00469 0.16468 0.00240 2479 13 2449 21 2504 12 19DJ07-24 244.23 1085.32 0.23 10.65064 0.15172 0.47204 0.00479 0.16358 0.00239 2493 13 2493 21 2493 12 19DJ07-25 64.29 368.52 0.17 11.16502 0.16189 0.49423 0.00505 0.16378 0.00243 2537 14 2589 22 2495 12 19DJ07-26 23.78 90.03 0.26 10.84158 0.16602 0.47499 0.00496 0.16548 0.00260 2510 14 2505 22 2512 13 19DJ07-27 118.49 469.57 0.25 10.82470 0.15872 0.47761 0.00488 0.16431 0.00246 2508 14 2517 21 2501 12 19DJ07-28 189.31 415.74 0.46 10.75754 0.15893 0.47502 0.00486 0.16418 0.00248 2502 14 2506 21 2499 12 19DJ07-30 110.41 481.92 0.23 11.37164 0.16921 0.50097 0.00513 0.16456 0.00250 2554 14 2618 22 2503 12 19DJ07-31 61.79 367.00 0.17 10.98146 0.16769 0.48513 0.00500 0.16410 0.00256 2522 14 2550 22 2498 13 19DJ07-32 67.73 402.17 0.17 10.84644 0.16660 0.47944 0.00495 0.16401 0.00257 2510 14 2525 22 2497 13 19DJ07-33 67.66 392.51 0.17 10.09102 0.15580 0.45204 0.00467 0.16183 0.00255 2443 14 2404 21 2475 13 19DJ07-34 65.52 378.32 0.17 10.81767 0.16843 0.47610 0.00493 0.16472 0.00262 2508 14 2510 22 2505 13 19DJ07-35 84.03 436.80 0.19 10.84746 0.16919 0.47914 0.00496 0.16412 0.00261 2510 15 2524 22 2499 13 19DJ07-36 34.40 165.27 0.21 11.82197 0.18984 0.52046 0.00545 0.16467 0.00270 2590 15 2701 23 2504 14 19DJ07-37 93.49 513.01 0.18 10.45095 0.16536 0.46574 0.00483 0.16267 0.00262 2476 15 2465 21 2484 14 19DJ07-38 236.83 533.72 0.44 11.00081 0.17540 0.48221 0.00501 0.16538 0.00269 2523 15 2537 22 2511 14 19DJ07-39 62.63 397.06 0.16 10.76432 0.17279 0.47288 0.00492 0.16502 0.00270 2503 15 2496 22 2508 14 19DJ07-40 133.93 631.49 0.21 10.78947 0.17337 0.47623 0.00495 0.16424 0.00269 2505 15 2511 22 2500 14 19DJ07-41 119.66 453.45 0.26 9.96767 0.16727 0.43971 0.00462 0.16432 0.00281 2432 15 2349 21 2501 15 19DJ07-42 38.24 322.60 0.12 8.54360 0.15262 0.39138 0.00420 0.15832 0.00330 2291 16 2129 19 2438 36 19DJ07-43 109.38 638.11 0.17 9.70541 0.16596 0.42941 0.00454 0.16384 0.00285 2407 16 2303 20 2496 15 19DJ07-44 54.78 318.28 0.17 11.09025 0.18957 0.48858 0.00516 0.16454 0.00286 2531 16 2565 22 2503 15 19DJ07-45 166.15 718.67 0.23 10.62991 0.18102 0.47511 0.00499 0.16218 0.00281 2491 16 2506 22 2479 15 19DJ07-46 41.68 224.75 0.19 10.17533 0.17866 0.45097 0.00480 0.16355 0.00292 2451 16 2400 21 2493 16 19DJ07-47 80.44 469.36 0.17 11.09185 0.19323 0.48948 0.00518 0.16426 0.00291 2531 16 2568 22 2500 16 19DJ07-48 59.47 356.07 0.17 10.89295 0.19184 0.47708 0.00507 0.16550 0.00296 2514 16 2515 22 2513 16 19DJ07-49 193.31 1136.34 0.17 11.10746 0.19455 0.48858 0.00516 0.16479 0.00293 2532 16 2565 22 2505 16 19DJ07-50 75.63 196.47 0.38 10.99443 0.19778 0.47885 0.00513 0.16642 0.00304 2523 17 2522 22 2522 16 19DJ07-51 77.89 429.49 0.18 10.69287 0.19419 0.47206 0.00504 0.16418 0.00302 2497 17 2493 22 2499 17 19DJ07-52 217.58 772.49 0.28 10.96441 0.19950 0.48128 0.00513 0.16513 0.00304 2520 17 2533 22 2509 17 19DJ07-53 85.53 491.85 0.17 11.16913 0.20522 0.48972 0.00524 0.16531 0.00308 2537 17 2569 23 2511 17 19DJ07-54 47.44 259.81 0.18 9.94901 0.18611 0.44208 0.00473 0.16322 0.00352 2430 17 2360 21 2489 37 19DJ07-55 70.21 391.66 0.18 10.15480 0.18917 0.45024 0.00479 0.16358 0.00351 2449 17 2396 21 2493 37 19DJ07-56 41.09 112.69 0.36 10.93995 0.21216 0.48010 0.00528 0.16515 0.00325 2518 18 2528 23 2509 18 19DJ07-57 16.18 52.24 0.31 11.38073 0.22959 0.49261 0.00555 0.16745 0.00343 2555 19 2582 24 2532 19 19DJ07-59 94.50 524.18 0.18 10.73346 0.20448 0.47358 0.00511 0.16427 0.00317 2500 18 2499 22 2500 18 19DJ07-60 123.63 631.05 0.20 11.23814 0.21513 0.49341 0.00533 0.16508 0.00320 2543 18 2585 23 2508 18
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