In-situ stress measurement and inversion analysis of the deep shaft project area in Sanshan Island based on hydraulic fracturing method
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摘要:
山东省三山岛西岭矿区拟建2000 m深副井，属于超深井建设工程。揭示建井工程区地应力场特征是开展竖井设计、建设施工的必要先决条件之一，研究中采用水压致裂法开展了深部竖井地应力现场测量工作，测量深度达到1899.00 m，通过数值仿真模拟方法反演了竖井工程区2017.56 m深的地应力场。结果表明：在水压致裂测试的钻孔357.76～1899.00 m深度范围内，最大水平主应力（SH）为23.16～70.86 MPa，最小水平主应力（Sh）为15.24～47.06 MPa；主应力随深度近于线性增加，地应力测量孔实测最大水平主应力方向分别为NW55.5°、NW60.4°、NW58.4°，为近北西方向；竖井工程区应力场主要以水平应力为主导，1200.00 m以下铅直主应力（Sv）为中间应力，SH与Sv之比平均值为1.53；通过FLAC 3D软件的反演分析获得了建井工程区内地应力场随深度、地层变化的分布规律，测试点的反演结果与实测值基本一致。近2000 m超深地层地应力状态及其分布规律，为竖井工程的井筒井壁设计和工程风险评估提供了基础科学依据。
Abstract:The proposed 2000-meter-deep auxiliary shaft at the Xiling mine, Sanshan Island, Shandong Province, is an ultra-deep shaft construction project. Revealing the characteristics of the in-situ stress field in the shaft construction area is one of the necessary prerequisites for the design and construction of the shaft. We measured the in-situ stress in the deep shaft by hydraulic fracturing method to a depth of 1899.00 m and inverted the 2017.56-meter-deep in-situ stress field in the shaft construction area by numerical simulation. The results show that the maximum horizontal principal stress (SH) ranges from 23.16 to 70.86 MPa, and the minimum horizontal principal stress (Sh) from 15.24 to 47.06 MPa in the depth range from 357.76 to 1899.00 m in the borehole tested by hydraulic fracturing; the principal stress increases nearly linearly with depth, and the measured maximum horizontal principal stress directions in the measured boreholes are NW 55.5°, NW 60.4°, and NW 58.4°, respectively. Horizontal stress mainly dominates the stress field in the shaft engineering area, the vertical stress (Sv) below 1200.00 m is the intermediate stress, and the average value of the ratio of SH to Sv is 1.53. The in-situ stress field distribution pattern in the well-construction area with depth and stratigraphic changes is obtained by inversion analysis of FLAC 3D software. The inversion results are basically consistent with the measured values. It provides the fundamental scientific basis for shaft wall design and engineering risk assessment of shaft projects.
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Key words:
- deep shaft /
- deep strata /
- hydraulic fracturing /
- In-situ stress measurement /
- in-situ stress inversion
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表 1 三山岛金矿西岭矿区副井勘察孔水压致裂原地应力测量结果
Table 1. Results of hydraulic fracturing in-situ stress measurements in the borehole of the auxiliary shaft at the Xiling deposit, Sanshandao gold mine
测段深度/m 压裂参数/MPa 主应力值/MPa 破裂方位 Pb Pr Ps Po T SH Sh Sv 357.76 20.02 15.54 11.73 3.51 4.48 23.16 15.24 9.47 431.09 24.57 15.78 11.85 4.22 8.79 23.99 16.08 11.41 509.35 25.15 20.29 13.44 4.99 4.86 25.02 18.43 13.48 NW55.5° 608.26 25.16 18.82 14.35 5.96 6.34 30.20 20.31 16.39 665.33 24.34 21.39 14.75 6.52 2.95 29.37 21.27 17.60 881.70 30.22 23.09 16.29 8.64 7.14 34.42 24.93 23.33 957.10 25.86 22.54 16.57 9.38 3.33 36.56 25.95 25.32 1010.50 23.06 19.19 16.48 9.90 3.87 40.14 26.38 27.23 1097.50 30.43 25.72 20.19 10.76 4.71 45.62 30.95 29.04 NW60.4° 1166.41 34.84 25.94 20.50 11.43 8.90 46.99 31.93 30.86 1220.40 34.40 25.31 20.44 11.96 9.09 47.96 32.40 32.29 1275.80 32.79 23.63 19.52 12.50 9.16 47.43 32.02 34.38 1350.00 29.30 21.84 18.62 13.23 7.47 47.25 31.85 35.72 1408.00 28.02 23.36 19.32 13.80 4.66 48.40 33.12 37.26 1473.18 31.93 24.09 20.59 14.44 7.85 52.12 35.03 38.98 1512.50 31.01 24.98 20.75 14.82 6.04 52.11 35.58 40.02 NW58.4° 1594.60 31.82 26.59 22.12 15.63 5.23 55.40 37.75 42.19 1643.63 38.98 29.43 24.70 16.11 9.55 60.79 40.81 44.30 1689.50 37.83 28.31 24.46 16.56 9.52 61.63 41.02 44.70 1756.80 34.89 30.65 26.39 17.22 4.24 65.72 43.60 46.48 1792.70 32.69 27.70 24.83 17.57 4.99 64.37 42.40 47.43 1839.00 37.35 28.73 25.43 18.02 8.62 65.58 43.45 49.56 1899.00 42.47 33.10 28.45 18.61 9.37 70.86 47.06 50.25 
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表 2 岩石物理力学实验结果统计表
Table 2. Statistics of the physical and mechanical measurements of rocks
采样深度/m 岩性 工程岩组 抗拉强度
σt/MPa抗剪强度（直剪） 弹性模量
E50/×103 MPa泊松比
μ50黏聚力
C/MPa内摩擦角
φ/（°）4.73～16.93 裂隙较发育，岩芯以碎块、块状为主，部分碎屑状 基岩风化带岩组 1.840 23.300 0.23 3.980 4.14 43.60 19.700 0.30 2.300 31.600 0.18 38.00～55.00 裂隙较发育，岩芯以柱状为主，少量碎块 二长花岗岩岩组 6.427 10.43 59.40 3.748 0.11 340.00～400.00 4.914 5.983 0.02 525.00～580.00 4.493 13.00 42.83 7.689 0.27 760.00～800.00 6.049 10.81 58.07 5.302 0.40 935.00～1000.00 裂隙发育，岩芯以柱状、块状、碎块居多，局部小段呈碎屑状 钾化花岗岩岩组 5.350 4.39 53.11 5.500 0.05 1000.00～1050.00 裂隙密集，岩芯以块状、碎块为主 二长花岗岩岩组 5.462 7.82 44.21 4.763 0.21 1050.00～1064.00 裂隙发育，岩芯以块状为主，局部碎块状 绢英岩化花岗岩岩组 6.151 7.89 55.86 3.958 0.24 1140.00～1170.00 裂隙密集，岩芯以块状为主，局部碎块状 二长花岗岩岩组 5.827 3.61 44.58 2.746 0.05 1300.00～1400.00 5.305 6.26 45.17 1.837 0.12 1650.00～1700.00 裂隙密集，岩芯以块状、碎块为主 绢英岩化花岗岩岩组 3.251 6.00 36.43 5.165 0.27 1722.96～1728.16 裂隙密集，岩芯以块状、碎块为主 二长花岗岩岩组 3.380 5.17 53.50 21.800 0.20 4.560 20.500 0.11 4.820 26.100 0.09 1728.66～1740.46 裂隙密集，岩芯以块状、碎块为主 绢英岩化花岗质碎裂岩岩组 3.940 7.35 54.30 36.200 0.14 4.990 38.800 0.12 5.830 46.300 0.05 1740.46～1756.76 7.300 10.54 53.30 43.500 0.09 6.680 57.300 0.13 6.530 42.300 0.06 1800.00～1870.00 裂隙密集，岩芯以块状、碎块为主 二长花岗岩岩组 7.360 12.20 53.40 50.500 0.10 8.310 47.900 0.09 9.130 48.800 0.03 1960.00～1980.00 7.160 11.47 54.40 59.800 0.07 8.810 45.400 0.12 6.710 47.400 0.04 1974.00～1983.00 裂隙发育，岩芯以块状、碎块为主，线裂隙率为10条/米左右 煌斑岩岩组 7.540 14.70 58.30 85.700 0.03 12.000 92.200 0.09 9.480 95.200 0.10 1990.00～2000.00 裂隙发育，岩芯以块状、碎块为主 云英岩岩组 7.580 9.54 53.60 52.500 0.11 5.700 63.800 0.12 6.160 53.900 0.13 2000.00～2015.00 2.530 2.70 45.20 9.320 0.45 2.170 11.000 0.34 2.940 7.950 0.24
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