Metallogenic regularity and resources potential of Alto Ligonha Ta-Nb rare element metallogenic belt in Mozambique
-
摘要:
莫桑比克上利戈尼亚钽-铌稀有元素成矿带位于中南部非洲达马拉－赞比西亚巨型成矿域东段莫桑比克活动带内, 已发现钽-铌稀有元素矿床、矿点149处, 成矿类型均为伟晶岩型。成矿带内伟晶岩主要为泛非造山作用晚期岩浆结晶分异的产物, 成岩时代为440~450 Ma和470~490 Ma, 已发现的伟晶岩可划分为5条伟晶岩带, 12个伟晶岩田, 46个伟晶岩群, 超过100个伟晶岩矿化区, 与成矿关系密切的LCT (锂-铯-钽)型伟晶岩矿物分带性明显, 其中Ta-Nb等成矿元素主要赋存于长石带和锂化带中。钽-铌稀有元素矿床成矿时代与伟晶岩成岩时代相同, 主要集中于440~450 Ma和470~480 Ma。矿床的产出受纳玛玛逆冲推覆带、穆格巴飞来峰控制作用明显, 矿体产于纳玛玛逆冲推覆带和穆格巴飞来峰边缘环状区南北两侧的EW向、NW向断裂带内的LCT型伟晶岩中, 呈脉状、透镜状、板状产出。各矿区自SE→NW或SEE→NWW稀有金属矿化组合具有由简单向复杂, 成矿元素种类由单一向综合方向演化的趋势, 表明岩浆结晶分异程度在不断升高。结合已有资料, 将上利戈尼亚稀有元素成矿带筛选出11处成矿远景区, 其中重点远景区6处, 一般远景区5处, 对重点远景区开展了资源潜力分析, 指明了找矿方向。
Abstract:Alto Ligonha Ta-Nb rare element metallogenic beltin Mozambique active belt is located in the eastern part of the Damara-Zambezia giant metallogenic domain in central and southern Africa.149 Ta-Nb rare element deposits and occurrences have been found, and the metallogenic types are pegmatite type.The pegmatites in the metallogenic belt are mainly the product of magmatic crystallization differentiation in the late Pan African orogeny and the diagenetic ages are 440~450 Ma and 470~490 Ma.The pegmatites in the metallogenic belt can be divided into 5 pegmatite belts, 12 pegmatite fields, 46 pegmatite groups and more than 100 pegmatite mineralized areas.The LCT(Lithium-Cesium-Tantalum)pegmatites closely related to mineralization are obvious zoned.Among them, Ta-Nb and other metallogenic elements mainly occur in feldspar belt and lithium belt.The metallogenic epoch of Ta-Nb rare element deposits are the same as pegmatites, mainly concentrated in 440 ~ 450 Ma and 470 ~ 480 Ma.The deposits are obviously controlled by Namama thrust belt and Mugeba klippe.The ore body occurs in the LCT type pegmatite of the Namama thrust belt and EW, NW fault zones in the south and north sides marginal ring area of Mugeba klippe, and occurs in vein, lenticular, and plate shapes.From SE to NW or SEE to NWW, the rare element mineralized association in each mining area has a trend from simple to complex, and the types of ore-forming elements have evolved from single to comprehensive, indicating that the degree of magmatic crystallization differentiation is increasing.Combined with the existing data, the Alto Ligonha rare element metallogenic belt can be divided into 11 metallogenic prospect areas, including 6 key prospect areas and 5 general prospect areas, which analyzed the resource potential of the key prospect areas and pointed out the prospecting direction.
-
-
表 1 上利戈尼亚稀有元素成矿带成矿远景区
Table 1. List of metallogenic prospect areas of Alto Ligonha rare element metallogenic belt
序号 远景区名称 矿种 典型矿床 远景区级别 1 马罗比诺成矿远景区 Ta、Nb、Li、Be 马罗比诺 重点远景区 2 莫拉成矿远景区 Ta、Nb、Li、Be、Cs 莫拉 重点远景区 3 穆塔拉成矿远景区 Ta、Nb、Rb、Cs 穆塔拉、纳马切奇、
穆纳莫拉、蒙乃亚-A重点远景区 4 穆伊安成矿远景区 Ta、Nb、Li、Cs 穆伊安、马贾马拉、穆哈诺 重点远景区 5 吉莱成矿远景区 Ta、Li、Be 纳希里、莫科恰亚、纳霍拉、梅拉潘 重点远景区 6 穆阿奎亚(Muaquiua)成矿远景区 Ta、Li、Be 莫坎加内、恩鲁马 重点远景区 7 莫库巴成矿远景区 Ta、Nb、Be 毛洛纳、库尼亚 一般远景区 8 莫库巴南成矿远景区 Ta、Nb、Be 伊加罗、比夫 一般远景区 9 莫库贝拉成矿远景区 Ta、Nb、Li、Cs 吉娜玛、伊奥多 一般远景区 10 卢鲁提(Luluti)西成矿远景区 Ta、Li、Be 皮提亚、纳希亚、米里丘 一般远景区 11 上莫罗奎东成矿远景区 Ta、Nb、Be 埃希亚洛、穆埃蒂亚、马拉帕、圭赫米 一般远景区 
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] Chad A. Friedline[C]//U.S. Gedogical Survey Mineral Commodity Summaries, 2022: 648-703.
[2] Hutchinson R W, Claus R J. Pegmatite deposits, Alto Ligonha, Portuguese East Africa[J]. Economic Geology, 1956, 51(8): 757-780. doi: 10.2113/gsecongeo.51.8.757
[3] Barros R M, Vicente C A M. Estudo dos campos pegmatiticos da Zambezia relatorio da mossão de estudos em Mozambique campanha de 1963[M]. Junta de Energia Nuclear, 1963: 1-133.
[4] Correia Neves J M, Lopes Nunes J E, Lucas D B. Mineralogy and geochemistry of pegmatites from Mozambique[J]. Rev. Ciênc. Geológicas, Lourenço Marques, 1971, 4: 1-11.
[5] Correia Neves J M, Lopes Nunes J E, Lucas D B. Mineralogy and structure of some pegmatites from Mozambique(P.E.A. ). Rev. Ciênc. Geologicas[J]. Lourenço Marques, 1971, 4: 34-42.
[6] Kondratiev A. Esboço geológico area deMorrua[M]. Direcção National de Geologia Moçambique, 1982: 1-45
[7] Kombinat V E B. Relatorio Final Projecto Pematito Marropino[C]//Geologische Forshung and Erkundig. Geological Survey of German Democratic Republic, 1983: 102.
[8] Aquater. Relatório final da cartografia geológica e prospecção mineira e geoquímica nas provícias de Nampula e Zambézia[M]. Cartografia Geológica, Instituto Nacional de Geologia, Maputo, 1983: 1-450.
[9] Cílek V. Industrial Minerals of Mozambique[M]. National Geological Institute of Mozambique and Czech Geological Office, Prague, 1989: 1-326.
[10] 吴兴源, 刘晓阳, 周佐民, 等. 卢旺达Gatumba地区花岗伟晶岩的地质、地球化学特征及其成因研究综述[J]. 地质调查与研究, 2020, 43(1): 42-54. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-4135.2020.01.005
[11] Dias M B, Wilson W E. The Alto Ligonha pegmatites, Mozambique[J]. The Mineralogical Record, 2000, 31: 459-497. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287906763_The_Alto_Ligonha_pegmatites_Mozambique
[12] Lächelt S. Geology and mineral resources of Mozambique[M]. Ministério dos Recuursos Minerais e Energia, Dirrecção Nacional de Geologia, Maputo and Council for Geoscience, Pretoria. 2004: 1-515.
[13] Cronwright M S. A Review of the Rare-element Pegmatites of the Alto Ligonha Pegmatite Province, Northern Mozambique and Exploration Guidelines[M]. Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa, 2005.
[14] 王西荣, 李绍侠, 王哲, 等. 莫桑比克穆塔拉地区铌钽矿地质特征及找矿方向的探讨[J]. 资源环境与工程, 2016, 30(1): 55-59. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HBDK201601010.htm
[15] 徐涛, 王亮, 周强. 上利戈尼亚矿集区伟晶岩型矿床地质特征及成矿规律[J]. 吉林地质. 2016, 35(2): 60-63. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JLDZ201602013.htm
[16] 许康康, 刘晓阳, 孙凯, 等. 坦桑尼亚乌本迪带内花岗岩类的LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及地质意义[J]. 地质调查与研究, 2020, 43(1): 55-62. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QHWJ202001007.htm
[17] 许康康, 刘晓阳, 何胜飞, 等. 非洲中部基巴拉带的地质及构造演化特征[J]. 地质论评. 2019, 65(4): 993-1006. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZLP201904020.htm
[18] Donald H, Hains, Mark Mounde. Technical report on the Marropino project and associated properties, Zambezia Province, Mozambique[M]. Scott Wilson Roscoe Postle Associates Inc. Noventa Limited. 2010: 1-252.
[19] Costa M, Ferrara G, Sacchi R, et al. Rb/Sr dating of the upper Proterozoic basement of Zambesia, Mozambique[J]. Geologische Rundschau, 1992, 81(2): 487-500. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF01828611
[20] 商俊伟. 莫桑比克钽铌资源概述[J]. 中国金属通报, 2008, 18: 1-3. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JSTB200818019.htm
[21] Jamal D L, Zartman R E, De Wit M J. U-Pb single zircon dates from the Lúrio Belt, northern Mozambique: Kibaran and Pan-African orogenic events highlighted[J]. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 1999, 28: 32
[22] Fernandez A, Schreurs G, Villa I M, et al. Age constraints on the tectonic evolution of the Itremo region in central Mozambique[J]. Precambrian Research, 2003, 123: 87-110. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301926803000639
[23] Melcher F, Sitnikova M A, Graupner T, et al. Fingerprinting of conflictminerals: columbite-tantalite("coltan")ores[J]. SGA News, 2008, 23: 1-14. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/284646500_Fingerprinting_of_conflict_minerals_columbite-tantalite_coltan_ores
[24] Melcher F, Graupner T, Sitnikova M, et al. Ein Herkunftsnachweis für Niob-Tantalerze am Beispiel afrikanischer Selten-Element-Pegmatite. Mitt[J]. Österr. Mineral. Ges., 2009, 155: 231-267.
[25] Macey P H, Ingram B A, Cronwright M S, et al. Notícia Explicativa/map explanation: folhas/sheets 1537, 1538, 1539, 1540, 1637, 1638 AND 1639-40[M]. National Directorate of Geology, Republic of Mozambique, 2007: 1-458.
[26] ${\rm{\ddot C}}$erný Petr. Rare-element granitic pegmatites, part I—Regional to global environments and petrogenesis[J]. Geoscience Canada, 1991, 18(2): 49-67.
[27] ${\rm{\ddot C}}$erný Petr. Rare-element granitic pegmatites, part Ⅱ—Regional to global environments and petrogenesis[J]. Geoscience Canada, 1991, 18(2): 68-81.
[28] Von Knorring O, Condliffe E. Mineralized pegmatites in Africa[J]. African Geology Reviews, 1987, 22: 253-270. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/gj.3350220619
[29] Sacchi R, Marques J, Costa M, et al. Kibaran events in the southernmost Mozambique belt[J]. Precambrian Research, 1984, 25: 141-159. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0301926884900305
[30] Sacchi R, Cadoppi P, Costa M. Pan-African reactivation of the Lúrio segment of the Kibaran Belt system: a reappraisal from recent age determinations in northern Mozambique[J]. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 2000, 30(3): 629-639. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0899536200000427
[31] Pinna P, Jourde G, Calvez J Y, et al. The Mozambique Belt in northern Mozambique: Neoprorerozoic(1100-850 Ma)crustal growth and tectogenesis, and superimposed Pan-African(800-550 Ma)tectonism[J]. Precrambrian Research, 1993, 62: 1-59. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/030192689390093H
[32] Kröner A, Sacchi R, Jaeckel P, et al. Kibaran magmatism and Pan-African granulite metamorphism in northern Mozambique: single zircon ages and regional implications[J]. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 1997, 25(3): 467-484. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0899536297001176
[33] Melcher M, Graupner T, Henjes-Kunst F, et al. Analytical fingerprint of columbite-tantalite(coltan)mineralization in pegmatites: focus on Africa[C]//Proceedings, Ninth International Congress for Applied Mineralogy(ICAM)2008, Brisbane, Qld. Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 2008: 615-624.
[34] Teertstra D K, Cern P. The compositional evolution of pollucite from African granitic pegmatites[J]. Journal of African Earth Science, 1997, 25(2): 317-331. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0899536297001061
[35] Bernd Lehmann. Tantalum: Market Outlook to 2016[J]. Miner Deposita, 2012, 47: 957-958. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00126-012-0442-3
① 英国皇家国际事务研究所. https://resourcetrade.earth/?year=2020&importer=156&category=1521&units=weight&autozoom=1.2020.
② Jasper M J U. Geological Report of the Marropino Tantalum Pegmatite Mine, Zambezia Province, Mozambique. Technical Note No. 10/1999, report prepared for Sub-Saharan Resources Ltd by Geology and Resources Development Business Unit, Fontainbleau, South Africa. 1999: 1-89.
③ Jasper M J U. The Marropino Tantalum Project, The Geological Component of the Validation of the Ore Resources and Ore Reserves. report prepared for Highland Africa Mining Company. 2002.
④ A&B Global Mining. Marropino Open Pit Optimisation and Life-of-Mine Production Schedule. prepared for Highland Africa Mining Company Limited, A&B Global Mining, Johannesburg, South Africa, 2010
⑤ Pedro A M A. The Alto Ligonha pegmatites. Mineral Exploration Guidelines. Thesis, Imperial College of Science and Technology, London, 1986: 1-190
⑥ Hunting. Gold deposits in Mozambique-Mineral Development Study. Internal report, Instituto Nacional de Geologica, Mozambique, 1985: 1-140.
⑦ SRK. Report on the Material properties of Highland Africa Mining Company Limited. prepared for Highland Africa Mining Company Limited and Investec banking, a division of Investec UK Limited; SRK Consulting(S.A. )(Pty)Limited, March, 2007.
⑧ SRK. Geology, Mining, Tailings Disposal and Environmental Inputs into the Morrua Tantalite Project Feasibility Study. Prepared for Highland Africa Mining Company by SRK Consulting(S. Africa), 2004.
-
图(13)
表(1)
计量
- 文章访问数: 2173
- PDF下载数: 45
- 施引文献: 0