Sedimentary environment and organic matter enrichment model of black shale from Cretaceous Bayingebi Formation in Balongwula, Yingen-Ejin Banner Basin
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摘要:
银额盆地早白垩世沉积的巴音戈壁组湖相页岩是一套重要的烃源岩。通过对巴隆乌拉剖面黑色页岩进行地球化学分析，研究其主量、微量和稀土元素特征，以及黑色页岩沉积的古环境及有机质富集模式。结果表明，Sr/Ba值为0.14~0.24，平均值为0.18，B/Ga值为3.89~6.51，平均值为5.03，相当B含量为230.88×10-6~375.99×10-6，平均值为294.95×10-6，古盐度为11.97‰~15.83‰，平均值为14.70‰；V/(V+Ni)值为0.67~0.84，平均值为0.74，Ceanom值为-0.113~0.018，平均值为-0.055；古气候指数(C)为0.80~1.34，平均值为1.06，化学蚀变指数(CIA)为75~81，平均值为79；古水深为4.16~88.04 m，平均值为33.40 m；P/Ti值为0.10~0.22，平均值为0.15，过剩钡(BaXS)为-46.5×10-6~144.5×10-6，平均值为38.85×10-6。综合各参数特征，研究区黑色页岩沉积于温暖、湿润、半咸水、缺氧的还原环境，沉积水体较深，具有低的古生产力条件。有机碳含量与沉积环境间相关性的研究表明，巴音戈壁组黑色页岩有机质富集是古盐度、氧化-还原条件、古气候、古生产力等因素共同作用的结果。研究结果可为银额盆地中生界沉积演化和油气资源评价提供理论支撑。
Abstract:The lacustrine shale of Early Cretaceous Bayingebi Formation is a suite of important source rocks resources in the Yingen-Ejin Banner basin.We studied the characteristics of the major elements, trace elements and rare earth elements, and the paleoenvironment and organic matter enrichment model of the black shale by the geochemical analysis of the Balongwula section.The results show that Sr/Ba value is 0.14~0.24, average value is 0.18, B/Ga value is 3.89~6.51, average value is 5.03, equivalent boron content is 230.88×10-6~375.99×10-6, average value is 294.95×10 -6, paleosalinity is 11.97‰~15.83‰, average value is 14.70‰; V/(V+Ni) value is 0.67~0.84, average value is 0.74, the Ceanom value is -0.113~0.018, average value is -0.055; the paleoclimate index(C) is 0.80~1.34, average value is 1.06, the chemical index alteration(CIA) is 75~81, average value is 79; the ancient water depth is 4.16~88.04 m, average value is 33.40 m; P/Ti value is 0.10~0.22, average value is 0.15, the excess barium(BaXS) is -46.5×10-6~144.5×10-6, average value is 38.85×10-6.Based on the characteristics of various parameters, the black shale in the study area is deposited in a warm and humid climate, with a sedimentary environment of deep lacustrine facies under an brackish water and anoxic condition.The paleoproductivity reflect a low initial paleoproductivity.The study on the correlation between organic carbon content and sedimentary environment shows that the organic matter enrichment in black shale of Bayingebi Formation is the result of the combined action of paleosalinity, oxidation-reduction conditions, paleoclimate and paleo-productivity.This will provide theoretical support for the sedimentary evolution of Mesozoic and the evaluation of oil and gas resources in Yingen-Ejin Banner Basin.
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表 1 研究区黑色页岩主量元素分析结果
Table 1. Major elements analysis of black shale in the study area
样号 SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 FeO CaO MgO K2O Na2O TiO2 P2O5 MnO LOI CIA TOC P/Ti CH1 56.76 22.69 3.15 2.15 0.65 1.53 2.94 0.75 0.86 0.22 0.08 7.88 80 2.06 0.19 CH2 55.95 22.13 4.53 3.00 0.66 1.54 2.76 0.83 0.82 0.25 0.18 6.89 80 1.64 0.22 CH3 55.20 22.58 3.63 1.92 0.46 1.52 2.87 0.89 0.81 0.13 0.09 9.58 81 1.94 0.12 CH4 57.43 22.38 3.18 1.45 0.47 1.48 2.92 0.75 0.84 0.12 0.04 8.68 81 2.86 0.10 CH5 57.60 22.02 3.17 2.25 0.55 1.51 3.06 0.78 0.84 0.18 0.13 7.54 80 1.77 0.16 CH6 55.04 23.11 3.68 1.60 0.52 1.52 3.00 0.84 0.79 0.11 0.11 9.36 81 1.45 0.10 CH7 54.46 22.91 4.32 1.88 0.47 1.48 3.00 0.77 0.80 0.16 0.16 9.25 81 3.45 0.15 CH8 55.89 21.66 6.05 1.40 0.39 1.36 2.93 0.69 0.83 0.15 0.16 8.23 81 2.75 0.13 CH9 55.55 21.42 4.20 1.80 0.53 1.50 2.78 0.88 0.80 0.19 0.08 9.93 80 1.30 0.17 CH10 53.76 22.51 5.07 1.20 0.66 1.34 2.83 0.93 0.77 0.12 0.06 10.49 80 2.07 0.11 CH11 55.55 22.32 5.14 1.40 0.58 1.36 3.05 0.74 0.84 0.19 0.15 8.40 80 1.96 0.16 CH12 53.10 22.19 4.77 3.25 0.87 1.68 2.97 0.70 0.79 0.22 0.20 8.75 80 0.98 0.20 CH13 53.68 22.50 3.81 1.85 0.78 1.58 2.88 1.06 0.79 0.12 0.09 10.54 78 1.74 0.11 CH14 55.77 20.65 4.86 2.20 0.66 1.74 2.90 1.19 0.85 0.18 0.18 8.45 77 2.74 0.15 CH15 52.39 20.87 6.32 2.25 1.07 2.06 2.81 1.25 0.76 0.17 0.32 9.34 75 1.14 0.16 CH16 56.02 21.12 3.97 2.95 0.68 1.67 2.80 0.81 0.84 0.18 0.24 8.25 79 1.11 0.16 注：LOI为烧失量；CIA为化学蚀变指数，CIA=100×[Al2O3/(Al2O3+CaO*+Na2O+K2O)]；TOC为有机碳含量；P/Ti为古生产力；主量元素含量单位为% 
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表 2 研究区黑色页岩微量元素分析结果
Table 2. Trace elements analysis of black shale in the study area
样号 Sr Ba B Ga Ni Co V U Th Sr/Ba B/Ga V/(V+Ni) h/m C BaXS CH1 110.00 642 132 28.20 52.90 13.00 151 4.21 18.00 0.17 4.68 0.74 26.28 0.89 83.00 CH2 113.00 567 159 27.20 60.60 16.70 154 4.70 18.50 0.20 5.85 0.72 46.01 1.30 34.00 CH3 116.00 547 145 23.70 47.20 8.79 132 3.91 18.10 0.21 6.12 0.74 9.52 0.95 20.50 CH4 102.00 530 164 27.20 32.20 8.16 165 4.11 18.60 0.19 6.03 0.84 7.18 0.80 -16.00 CH5 91.20 639 125 23.80 44.20 11.20 124 3.33 17.60 0.14 5.25 0.74 19.57 0.91 93.00 CH6 95.80 604 131 28.10 75.50 15.40 150 5.16 20.80 0.16 4.66 0.67 39.15 0.88 90.50 CH7 99.10 575 140 26.80 38.60 10.80 143 4.89 19.60 0.17 5.22 0.79 18.95 1.07 55.00 CH8 91.30 580 118 27.60 43.00 17.20 156 4.69 18.50 0.16 4.28 0.78 51.57 1.34 40.50 CH9 98.10 556 126 26.80 61.00 10.80 160 4.56 18.60 0.18 4.70 0.72 15.78 1.03 36.00 CH10 122.00 524 118 28.90 30.90 7.60 166 6.10 21.50 0.23 4.08 0.84 4.16 1.04 23.50 CH11 103.00 666 108 27.40 51.40 18.20 144 5.50 19.60 0.15 3.94 0.74 55.67 1.10 120.00 CH12 108.00 658 109 28.00 63.30 16.00 145 5.82 19.90 0.16 3.89 0.70 44.39 1.29 144.50 CH13 67.00 467 120 22.30 43.30 10.90 124 4.71 11.60 0.14 5.38 0.74 28.24 0.89 -46.50 CH14 79.70 533 101 25.10 51.00 15.70 152 4.95 18.40 0.15 4.02 0.75 43.38 1.09 -19.50 CH15 115.00 476 125 19.20 47.40 14.30 110 3.98 16.10 0.24 6.51 0.70 36.44 1.21 -18.00 CH16 82.40 527 143 24.40 60.00 21.90 133 4.24 16.50 0.16 5.86 0.69 88.04 1.19 -19.00 注：h为古水深；C为古气候指数，C =Σ(Fe+Mn+Cr+V+Co+Ni)/Σ(Ca+Mg+Sr+Ba+K+Na)；BaXS为过剩钡，BaXS=Ba样品－Ti样品(Ba/Ti)PAAS，PAAS为后太古代澳大利亚页岩；微量元素含量单位为10-6
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表 3 研究区黑色页岩稀土元素及北美页岩标准化计算结果
Table 3. Rare earth elements analysis and NASC-normalized result of black shale in the study area
样号 La Ce Pr Nd Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb CH1 43.30 83.20 9.90 36.20 6.84 1.27 5.47 0.82 4.59 0.93 2.75 0.42 3.12 CH2 44.70 84.80 10.20 37.70 7.39 1.47 6.57 1.02 5.96 1.16 3.24 0.50 3.41 CH3 40.20 71.90 8.91 31.90 5.89 1.16 4.77 0.72 4.02 0.86 2.41 0.39 2.75 CH4 40.60 73.80 8.85 31.20 5.73 1.08 4.51 0.71 4.18 0.86 2.67 0.42 3.42 CH5 39.90 70.80 8.86 31.60 5.78 1.15 4.75 0.72 4.10 0.84 2.65 0.39 2.87 CH6 43.50 80.30 9.80 36.10 7.29 1.45 6.52 0.97 5.46 1.07 3.07 0.46 3.21 CH7 37.70 70.90 8.25 29.10 5.45 1.04 4.48 0.69 4.02 0.81 2.45 0.38 2.71 CH8 41.40 76.40 9.11 32.70 6.21 1.23 5.07 0.81 4.76 1.00 2.90 0.46 3.12 CH9 43.70 81.40 9.62 35.70 6.92 1.45 6.32 0.97 5.55 1.06 3.17 0.47 3.32 CH10 44.30 82.30 9.85 35.40 6.61 1.31 5.72 0.90 5.36 1.07 3.08 0.47 3.46 CH11 44.40 82.40 10.00 36.80 7.10 1.34 5.94 0.91 5.16 1.05 3.06 0.46 3.46 CH12 41.10 77.10 9.24 32.90 6.33 1.19 5.34 0.81 4.56 0.94 2.76 0.42 3.14 CH13 22.60 48.90 4.78 17.00 3.15 0.62 2.84 0.44 2.48 0.49 1.37 0.22 1.53 CH14 40.00 76.20 9.04 33.50 6.51 1.31 5.78 0.89 4.95 0.99 2.85 0.42 3.08 CH15 38.30 63.40 8.86 32.50 6.50 1.31 5.79 0.87 5.09 1.03 2.87 0.42 3.24 CH16 36.90 70.90 8.21 30.00 5.93 1.14 5.02 0.77 4.39 0.88 2.49 0.38 2.69 样号 Lu Y LREE HREE ΣREE LREE/HREE (La/Yb)N δEuN δCeN (La/Ce)N Ceanom CH1 0.46 22.90 180.71 41.44 222.15 4.36 1.34 0.91 0.88 1.19 -0.046 CH2 0.51 28.10 186.26 50.46 236.72 3.69 1.27 0.93 0.86 1.20 -0.053 CH3 0.41 20.30 159.96 36.63 196.59 4.37 1.42 0.96 0.83 1.28 -0.071 CH4 0.46 20.80 161.26 38.02 199.28 4.24 1.15 0.93 0.85 1.25 -0.060 CH5 0.42 20.40 158.09 37.14 195.23 4.26 1.35 0.96 0.82 1.29 -0.074 CH6 0.47 26.40 178.44 47.63 226.07 3.75 1.31 0.92 0.85 1.24 -0.063 CH7 0.42 20.80 152.44 36.76 189.20 4.15 1.35 0.92 0.88 1.21 -0.046 CH8 0.48 23.80 167.05 42.40 209.45 3.94 1.29 0.96 0.86 1.24 -0.057 CH9 0.51 28.50 178.79 49.87 228.66 3.59 1.28 0.96 0.86 1.22 -0.057 CH10 0.52 27.20 179.77 47.78 227.55 3.76 1.24 0.94 0.86 1.23 -0.055 CH11 0.48 26.80 182.04 47.33 229.37 3.85 1.24 0.91 0.85 1.23 -0.060 CH12 0.46 25.00 167.86 43.43 211.29 3.86 1.27 0.90 0.86 1.22 -0.051 CH13 0.23 10.70 97.05 20.29 117.35 4.78 1.43 0.92 1.02 1.05 0.018 CH14 0.44 24.30 166.56 43.71 210.27 3.81 1.26 0.94 0.87 1.20 -0.050 CH15 0.45 24.70 150.87 44.46 195.33 3.39 1.15 0.94 0.75 1.38 -0.113 CH16 0.41 21.30 153.08 38.34 191.42 3.99 1.33 0.92 0.89 1.19 -0.043 注：稀土元素含量单位为10-6
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表 4 研究区黑色页岩全岩X-衍射及粘土矿物定量分析结果
Table 4. Quantitative analysis results of X-diffraction and clay minerals of black shale in the study area
% 样号 石英 钾长石 斜长石 白云石 辉石 锐钛矿 伊利石 蒙脱石 绿泥石 CH1 23.4 1.7 5.1 5.1 2.6 43.2 10.9 8.1 CH3 22.9 2.3 6.5 5.6 2.9 43.8 11.8 4.2 CH5 28.1 2.1 3.6 3.0 44.6 10.4 8.2 CH7 23.3 2.1 3.7 3.1 51.3 10.4 6.1 CH9 26.2 4.6 6.0 3.2 45.1 8.9 6.0 CH11 27.9 2.2 3.6 3.0 52.3 5.9 5.1 CH13 22.1 2.0 3.5 5.5 2.7 43.7 6.4 14.1 CH15 24.0 2.0 6.2 2.8 43.8 4.3 16.9
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表 5 研究区黑色页岩粘土矿物含量及古盐度计算结果
Table 5. Clay mineral content and paleosalinity of black shale in the study area
样号 B/
10-6K2O/
%校正B
/10-6相当B
/10-6粘土矿物相对含量/% 校正粘土矿物/% B'/
10-6Couch古
盐度/‰I/S I Ch I S Ch CH1 132 2.94 381.63 298.98 70(25) 17 13 69.5 17.5 13.0 42.17 15.26 CH2 159 2.76 489.67 375.99 CH3 145 2.87 429.44 333.80 79(25) 14 7 73.3 19.8 7.0 43.61 15.67 CH4 164 2.92 477.40 373.16 CH5 125 3.06 347.22 275.76 66(25) 21 13 70.5 16.5 13.0 39.68 14.55 CH6 131 3.00 371.17 292.77 CH7 140 3.00 396.67 312.88 77(20) 14 9 75.6 15.4 9.0 42.02 15.22 CH8 118 2.93 342.32 267.88 CH9 126 2.78 385.25 296.46 74(20) 16 10 75.2 14.8 10.0 38.14 14.11 CH10 118 2.83 354.42 274.26 CH11 108 3.05 300.98 238.76 62(15) 30 8 82.7 9.3 8.0 30.91 11.97 CH12 109 2.97 311.95 245.22 CH13 120 2.88 354.17 275.60 66(15) 12 22 68.1 9.9 22.0 41.07 14.95 CH14 101 2.90 296.03 230.88 CH15 125 2.81 378.11 291.94 44(15) 30 26 67.4 6.6 26.0 44.20 15.83 CH16 143 2.80 434.11 334.80 注：I—伊利石；S—蒙脱石；Ch—绿泥石；I/S—伊/蒙混层，括号中数字为混层比；B'—Couch校正硼
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