Stratigraphic correlation and division of the South Shetland Islands, west Antarctica
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摘要:
对南设得兰群岛基岩区进行地质调查和研究，恢复其地层层序与演化过程。通过野外考察和资料收集，对比分析了前人年代学、地球化学、古地磁学、古生物学、地层学等方面的研究成果，将南设得兰群岛地层划分为24个岩石地层单元，建立了南设得兰群岛中—新生代火山-沉积地层层序和年代学格架。研究表明；南设得兰群岛火山活动早白垩世—早中新世总体呈现从西南向东北迁移的趋势，可能是被断裂分割的洋底从西南向西北先后发生俯冲的结果；第四纪以来，伴随布兰斯菲尔德海峡的打开，在裂谷环境中，形成了以幔源碱玄武岩浆喷发的迪塞普申岛、企鹅岛等。研究结果为深化研究南设得兰群岛的构造演化和古环境重建提供依据。
Abstract:Through the geological investigations and studies of the bedrock in the South Shetland Islands, the stratigraphic sequence and evolution process were restored.Based on fieldworks and data collection, previous results of geochronology, geochemistry, paleomagnetism and paleobiology, the volcanic-sedimentary strata in the area were divided into 24 stratigraphic units, and the stratigraphic framework of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic volcanic-sedimentary rocks in the South Shetland Islands was constructed.The results show that the volcanic activity in the South Shetland Islands generally migrated from southwest to northeast from early Cretaceous to early Miocene, which might be the result of the subduction of the ocean floor divided by faults from southwest to northwest.Since the Quaternary, with the opening of Bransfield Strait, Deception Island and Penguin Island have been formed with alkali basaltic magma of mantle source in the rift environment.The result provides a basis for the further study of the tectonic evolution and the paleoenvironmental reconstruction of the South Shetland Islands.
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表 1 南设得兰群岛二叠系对比
Table 1. Correlation of Permian stratigraphy in the South Shetland Islands
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表 2 南设得兰群岛三叠系对比
Table 2. Correlation of Triassic stratigraphy in the South Shetland Islands
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表 3 南设得兰群岛侏罗系对比
Table 3. Correlation of Jurassic stratigraphy in the South Shetland Islands
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表 4 南设得兰群岛白垩系对比
Table 4. Correlation of Cretaceous stratigraphy in the South Shetland Islands
地层时代 洛岛 斯诺岛 利文斯顿岛 格林尼治岛 罗伯特岛 乔治王岛 地层 华莱士角 胡克角 普雷西登特岬 霍尔半岛 拜尔斯半岛 鲍尔斯山 半月岛 希勒夫角 汉纳角 西登斯角 威廉斯角 威廉堡角 安巴托角 迪岛 科珀曼半岛 阿德默勒尔蒂湾 乔治王湾 白垩系 上白垩统 马斯特里赫特阶 火山岩 火山岩 火山岩 火山岩 威廉堡角群 威廉堡角群 威廉堡角群 科珀曼半岛组 巴兰诺夫斯基冰川群 扎米克组 马祖勒克角组 帕拉代斯湾群 坎潘阶 三冬阶 拉诺角组 康尼亚克阶 德迈角组 土仑阶 帕拉代斯湾群 克雷平斜坡组 汉纳角组 赛诺曼阶 火山岩 尤查特卡角组 阿尔布阶 火山岩 火山岩 火山岩 火山岩 火山岩 鲍尔斯山组 鲍尔斯山组 阿普特阶 赛罗内格罗组 拜尔斯群 集块岩 赛罗内格罗组 赛罗内格罗组 巴雷姆阶 火山岩段 下白垩统 欧特里夫阶 凡兰阶 切斯特火山锥组 马里纳段 切斯特火山锥组 切斯特火山锥组 贝利阿斯阶 斯塔特山组 斯塔特山组 普雷西登特滩组 普雷西登特滩组 参考文献 [13] [12, 15] [26, 28] [12] [15] [26] [12] [28] [12] [32] [12] [5, 33] [5, 34] 本文
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表 5 南设得兰群岛古近系对比
Table 5. Paleogene stratigraphic comparison table of the South Shetland Islands
地层时代 纳尔逊岛 
地层柱 菲尔德斯半岛 韦弗半岛巴顿半岛 波特半岛 阿德默勒尔蒂湾 乔治王湾 梅尔维尔角 古近系 渐新统 上渐新统 化石山组 长山段 埃内坎角群 瓦维尔山组 波罗内兹湾组 勒格吕湾群 迪斯特拉克申湾组 阿德默勒尔蒂湾群 波罗内兹湾组 迪斯特拉克申湾组 始新统 下渐新统 化石山组 岩块山段 化石山段 岩块山段 谢勒特湾组 古新统 上始新统 火山岩 火山岩 埃斯库拉湾群 托马斯角组 中始新统 化石山段 玛瑙滩段 化石山段 阿克多夫斯基湾组 贼鸥崖段 埃内坎角群 下始新统 长城组 地理湾组 玛瑙滩段 世宗王组 石化林段 菲尔德斯半岛群 埃斯库拉湾群 上古新统 地理湾组 玛瑙滩段 碧玉山段 哈拉段 巴兰诺夫斯基冰川群 中古新统 碧玉山段 下古新统 碧玉山段 拉库萨角段 参考文献 [50] [51] [50] [52] [12] [5, 33] [5, 34] [5, 34] 本文
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表 6 南设得兰群岛新近系对比
Table 6. Correlation of Neogene stratigraphy in the South Shetland Islands
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表 7 南设得兰群岛第四系对比
Table 7. Correlation of Quaternary stratigraphy in the South Shetland Islands
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