Analysis of Helium Enrichment Factors and Reservoir Forming Conditions in Linfen–Yuncheng Basin
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摘要:
为认识临汾–运城盆地氦气资源前景，促进氦气勘查工作，笔者根据地球物理资料、元素地球化学实验及构造资料，分析了临汾–运城盆地氦源岩分布和氦气运移通道条件；在收集和整理临汾–运城盆地前新生界地热、气测录井及物探资料的基础上，开展了以地热和煤系气为主的氦载体特征研究。研究发现：①临汾–运城盆地具备地幔物质上涌和本溪组铝土岩系2种氦源条件。②控制盆地和凹陷的深大断裂贯通了深部氦源与前新生代地层，盆地内发育的正断层在很大程度上可提高前新生界各地层间的连通性，有良好的运移通道。③临汾–洪洞地区石炭系—二叠系具有优越的煤系气成藏条件。综合氦源岩分布、氦气运移通道、氦载体和保存等氦气成藏条件，认为临汾–运城盆地中奥陶统马家沟组为主要富氦地热储层，且临汾–洪洞地区太原组和山西组具备富氦煤系气的找矿前景。
Abstract:In order to promote the helium exploration and deepen the understanding of helium accumulation theory, the distribution of helium source rocks and the conditions of helium migration channels in Linfen–Yuncheng basin has been analyzed with regional aeromagnetic interpretation data, element geochemical experiments and tectonic evolution data. Then, the study on the characteristics of helium carrier reservoir dominated by geothermal and resources has been carried out by collecting geothermal, gas survey and geophysical exploration data. The main results are as follows: ① There are two Helium source conditions, which are mantle upwelling and bauxite series in Benxi Formation. ② The deep faults controlling the basin and depression have connected the deep helium source and the pre–Cenozoic strata. The normal faults developed in the basin have greatly improved the connectivity between the pre–Cenozoic strata. They provide good channels for helium migration. ③ The geological conditions of hydrocarbon generation and accumulation of coal measure gas in the Permo–carboniferous system in Linfen and Hongdong areas are superior. Based on helium source, transportation, carrier and other enrichment factors, it is considered that Majiagou Formation of Middle Ordovician in Linfen–Yuncheng Basin is a main helium rich geothermal reservoir. In addition, the prospecting prospect of helium rich coal measure gas of Shanxi Formaion and Taiyuan Formation in Linfen and Hongdong areas is broad.
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Key words:
- Linfen–Yuncheng basin /
- helium /
- pre–Cenozoic /
- reservoir forming conditions /
- coal measure gas /
- geothermal
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表 1 山西与河南地区铝土岩系化学分析结果表
Table 1. Chemical analysis results of bauxite rock series of Benxi Formation in Shanxi and Henan Areas
矿区名称 宽草坪矿区 样品号 KCP1 KCP2 KCP3 KCP4 KCP5 KCP6 KCP7 KCP8 KCP9 KCP10 KCP11 KCP12 Al2O3（%） 69.84 71.62 72.76 69.46 38.13 39.67 39.1 62.75 56.36 57.11 54.89 41.43 U（10-6） 24.9 35.8 25.5 24.3 10.2 9.22 8.1 17.6 17.5 18.5 18.9 21.1 Th（10−6） 28 30.4 31.7 30.1 22.9 34.6 29.2 7.44 11.1 11.2 14.1 20 矿区名称 宽草坪矿区 下冶矿区 样品号 KCP13 KCP14 KCP15 KCP16 XY1 XY2 XY3 XY4 XY5 XY6 XY7 XY8 Al2O3（%） 56.11 54.24 59.59 51.23 34.14 37.56 45.88 46.7 46.15 44.56 50.94 37.12 U（10−6） 14.8 20.8 15.8 17.4 9.28 10.4 19 20.2 19 20.2 26.4 26.8 Th（10−6） 8.44 7.39 7.94 14.5 32.7 35 8.64 8.3 6.72 7 9.7 16.6 矿区名称 下冶矿区 曹川矿区 样品号 XY9 XY10 XY11 XY12 XY13 XY14 XY15 XY16 XY17 CC1 CC2 CC3 Al2O3（%） 40.19 57.63 34.45 38.8 39.49 37.03 29.42 28.77 29.78 32.84 31.53 32.02 U（10−6） 19.1 24.3 11 14.4 14.9 13.3 10.3 11.5 11.8 6.54 6.34 6.13 Th（10−6） 9.14 7.76 24.1 15.4 17 26 35 38.9 40.6 33.7 35.6 33.6 矿区名称 曹川矿区 样品号 CC4 CC5 CC6 CC7 CC8 CC9 CC10 CC11 CC12 CC13 CC14 CC15 Al2O3（%） 61.74 62.15 35.42 70.39 73.3 73.55 68.42 68.53 68.76 69.38 69.26 67.75 U（10−6） 17.5 21.6 15.6 25.4 21.3 22.5 21.2 20.6 27.9 23.4 27.2 20.4 Th（10−6） 40.8 50 37.8 50.1 42.6 52.3 48.4 47.9 12.9 44.9 6.4 35.2 矿区名称 曹川矿区 样品号 CC16 CC17 CC18 CC19 CC20 CC21 Al2O3（%） 77.98 76.13 75.31 73.92 69.77 66.9 U（10−6） 23.3 26 22.2 24.6 20.8 17.3 Th（10−6） 23.1 32.1 8.05 14.4 37.6 47 注：实验测试在中国地质调查局天津地质调查中心完成。 
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表 2 临汾–运城盆地的地热田分布情况统计表
Table 2. Statistical table of distribution of geothermal fields in Linfen–Yuncheng basin
序号 地热田名称 地理位置 构造单元 热储层位及岩性 热储层埋深
（m）热储温度（℃） 资料来源 1 洪洞地热田 洪洞县辛村镇 临汾凹陷 奥陶系灰岩、白云质灰岩 2296.34～2650.96 96～113.85
平均105范林森，2013；
韩颖等，2018；
郭景林等，20102 古城地热田 临汾市尧都区 奥陶系灰岩、白云质灰岩 1200～2200 45～47 3 邓庄地热田 襄汾县邓庄镇
尧都贾得乡奥陶系灰岩、白云质灰岩 1288～1800 41～42 第四系松散层 100～230 25～34 4 新绛地热田 新绛县、北池、
刘峪村侯马凹陷 第四系松散层 130～300 30～86 李清林等，1991；
张俊学，20135 寒武系灰岩、奥陶系白云质灰岩 600～1300 62～82 6 曲沃地热田 侯马、翼城 奥陶系下马家沟组、上马家沟组、峰峰组 270～1 998 25～50 韩颖等，2018；
李海泉等，20206 稷山地热田 稷山县清河镇 河津凹陷 新近系、第四系 180～287 37～51 韩颖等，2018；
贺秀全等，1998；
郭景林等，20108 河津地热田 河津市、万荣县 寒武系灰岩 1213～2100 44.5～67 9 闻喜地热田 闻喜县 峨嵋台地 寒武系灰岩、奥陶系白云质灰岩 1212～1 805 33.7～67.5 韩颖等，2018；
林强，2021；
薛鹏，202010 万荣地热田 临猗县、
稷山县800～1600 40～48 11 运城地热田 夏县、临猗县 运城凹陷 新近系、第四系 120～498 30～44 韩颖等，2018；
薛鹏，2020；
贺秀全等，1998；
郭景林等，2010运城、永济市 寒武系、奥陶系灰岩 1001～3005 38～68
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