Research Status and Prospect of Ecosystem Response Mechanism to Coal Mining in Ordos Basin
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摘要:
煤炭开采在为国家能源安全做出重大贡献的同时也产生了严重的矿山环境问题，煤炭作为中国主体能源的局面短期内难以扭转，煤炭采动的生态系统响应机制与生态修复技术已经成为人与自然和谐共生的现代化建设中迫切需要解决的关键科技问题。笔者以国家大型能源基地鄂尔多斯盆地北部侏罗系煤田为研究区，在检索和分析大量文献资料的基础上，将煤炭开采的生态系统响应机制与生态修复关键技术按照地质环境、水环境、植被生态环境3个方面归纳总结研究进展，分析凝练目前仍存在的关键科技问题，并从多因素耦合作用下的生态系统响应机制与演化规律、生态问题快速智能识别与风险防控关键技术、人与自然和谐共生的现代化实现模式与路径等3个方面提出了进一步研究建议。
Abstract:While coal mining has made significant contributions to national energy security, it has also caused serious mining environmental problems. The situation of coal as the main energy source in China is difficult to reverse in the short term. The ecological response mechanism and technologies for ecological restoration caused by coal mining have become key technological issues that urgently need to be solved in the path of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. This article takes the Jurassic coalfield in the northern part of the Ordos basin, a national large−scale energy base, as the research area. Based on the search and analysis of a large amount of literature, the ecological response mechanism and key ecological restoration technologies of coal mining are summarized in three aspects: geological environment, water environment, and vegetation ecological environment. The key scientific and technological issues that still exist are analyzed and condensed. Further research suggestions were proposed from three aspects: the response mechanism and evolution law of the ecosystem under the coupling of multiple factors, key technologies for rapid and intelligent identification of ecological problems and risk prevention and control, and the implementation pattern and path of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature.
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