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摘要:
不同结构的脂肪酸在胶磷矿表面润湿程度对浮选有直接的影响。通过动态俘泡法测定接触角,研究了脂肪酸碳链长度、双键个数、羟基引入、碳链异构对胶磷矿表面润湿性的影响。结果表明,pH在8~10范围内,胶磷矿疏水性较好。饱和脂肪酸疏水能力为:棕榈酸 > 肉豆蔻酸 > 硬脂酸 > 月桂酸,碳原子数在12~16范围内,胶磷矿疏水性随碳链长度增加而增强。不饱和脂肪酸的疏水能力为:亚麻酸 > 亚油酸 > 油酸,不饱和程度越高,胶磷矿表面疏水性越强。脂肪酸烃基中引入羟基和异构的疏水能力为蓖麻油酸 > 硬脂酸 > 异硬脂酸,脂肪酸中同时含双键和羟基可提高胶磷矿疏水性,烃基正构碳链较异构疏水能力强。
Abstract:The wettability of fatty acids with different structures on the surface of collophane directly affects the flotation. In this paper, the effects of carbon chain length, double bond number, adding hydroxyl and carbon-chain isomerism on the surface wettability of collophane were investigated by measuring the contact angle with the aid of dynamic captive bubble method. The experimental results show that: the hydrophobicity of collophane is better in the range of pH 8 to 10. The hydrophobic ability order of saturated fatty acids is: palmitic acid > myristic acid > stearic acid > lauric acid. When the carbon number is in the range of 12 to 16, the hydrophobicity of collophane increases with the increase of carbon chain length. The hydrophobic ability order of unsaturated fatty acids is: linolenic acid > linoleic acid > oleic acid. The higher the unsaturated fatty acid unsaturation degree, the better the hydrophobicity of collophane. When hydroxyl group and isomer are introduced into the hydrocarbon group of fatty acids, the hydrophobic ability order is: ricinoleic acid > stearic acid > isostearic acid. Double bonds and hydroxyl groups in fatty acids can improve the hydrophobicity of collophanite. The hydrophobic ability of unsaturated fatty acid with normal hydrocarbon chain is better than that with isomeric carbon chain.
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Key words:
- collophanite /
- fatty acid /
- wettability /
- structural properties /
- flotation /
- collector
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表 1 试验所用脂肪酸类捕收剂
Table 1. Fatty acid collectors used in the test
捕收剂 化学式 结构式 碳链长度 双键数目 月桂酸 C12H24O2 C12 0 肉豆蔻酸 C14H28O2 C14 0 棕榈酸 C16H32O2 C16 0 硬脂酸 C18H36O2 C18 0 异硬脂酸 C18H36O2 C18 0 油酸 C18H34O2 C18 1 亚油酸 C18H32O2 C18 2 亚麻酸 C18H30O2 C18 3 蓖麻油酸 C18H34O3 C18 1 饱和脂肪酸中C原子数 12 14 16 18 溶度积(Ksp) 8.0×10-13 1.0×10-15 1.6×10-16 1.4×10-18 表 3 RCOO-的加质子常数
Table 3. Protonation constants of RCOO-
脂肪酸 月桂酸 肉豆蔻酸 棕榈酸 硬脂酸 油酸 RCOO-的加质子常数KH 8.33×104 7.94×104 2.09×105 2.22×105 1.00×106 -
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