Comprehensive Recovery of Gold, Silver and Sulfur from a Lead-Zinc Tailings in Yunnan
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摘要:
云南某铅锌矿浮选尾矿含Pb 0.21%，Zn 0.25%，Au 0.76 g/t，Ag 44.72 g/t，S 26.55%，其中除了铅、锌之外，金、银、硫具有一定回收价值。为了综合回收其中的金、银、硫，文章针对该尾矿，开展了系统的试验研究。通过工艺矿物学研究可知，待回收矿物嵌布粒度较细，且微细粒级分布率较高，同时，样品中黄铁矿含量高，与待回收矿物共生关系密切，要想充分回收有用元素难度较大。依据样品性质及工艺矿物学研究，本次试验制定了"铅锌混合浮选—尾矿选硫"的原则工艺流程，采用乙硫氮与BK-N组合用药，加强金、银的捕收，实验室闭路试验结果：铅锌混合精矿Pb品位15.62%，Zn品位38.55%，含Au 15.83 g/t，含Ag 2 268.57 g/t，Pb回收率28.03%，Zn回收率53.69%，Au回收率7.63%，Ag回收率18.47%；硫精矿S品位48.77%，S回收率89.70%。通过试验进一步降低了尾矿中的有用组分含量，有效资源得到最大化利用。
Abstract:The flotation tailings of a lead-zinc mine in Yunnan contain 0.21% lead, 0.25% zinc, 0.76 g/t gold, 44.72 g/t silver and 26.55% sulfur. Gold, silver and sulfur have certain recycling value expect lead and zinc. In order to comprehensively recover the gold, silver and sulfur, a systematic experimental study was carried out on the tailings. According to the study of process mineralogy, the mineral to be recycled has a finer dissemination size and a higher distribution rate of fine grain size. What's more, the high content of pyrite in the sample was closely related to the symbiosis of the mineral to be recovered, so it is difficult to fully recover the useful elements. Based on the properties of the sample and the investigation of process mineralogy, this experiment has established the principle process of "lead-zinc bulk flotation- sulfur dressing of tailings", and adopted the combination agent of ethyl sulfide and BK-N to strengthen the collection of gold and silver. The closed-circuit test results of the laboratory showed that the lead-zinc mixed concentrate with lead grade of 15.62%, zinc grade of 38.55%, gold content of 15.83 g/t, silver of 2 268.57 g/t, lead recovery of 28.03%, zinc recovery of 53.69%, gold recovery of 7.63%, silver recovery of 18.47%; and the sulfur concentrate with sulfur grade of 48.77%, sulfur recovery rate of 89.70% were obtained. The content of useful components in tailings was further reduced through experiments, and the effective resources were maximized.
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Key words:
- lead-zinc flotation tailings /
- comprehensive recovery /
- gold /
- silver /
- sulfur /
- combination agent
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表 1 样品化学多元素分析结果 /%
Table 1. Chemical component analysis result of the sample
Element Pb Zn Cu Fe S Au* Ag* P SiO2 Al2O3 CaO MgO K2O Na2O C As Content 0.21 0.25 0.055 29.15 26.55 0.76 44.72 0.033 11.42 1.52 7.95 1.81 0.085 0.022 4.17 0.058 注：“*”单位为g/t。 
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表 2 样品中铅、锌化学物相分析结果 /%
Table 2. Lead and Zinc chemical phase analysis result of the sample
Phase Lead oxide Lead sulfide Total lead Zinc oxide Zinc sulfide Total zinc Content 0.025 0.185 0.21 0.026 0.224 0.25 Distribution 11.90 88.10 100.00 10.40 89.60 100.00
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表 3 样品中金、银化学物相分析结果
Table 3. Gold and Silver chemical phase analysis result of the sample
Phase Bare gold Sulfide encases gold Others Total gold Bare silver sulfide Sulfide encases silver Others Total silver Content/(g·t-1) 0.25 0.42 0.09 0.76 6.16 20.75 17.81 44.72 Distribution/% 32.89 55.26 11.85 100.00 13.77 46.40 39.83 100.00
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表 4 样品中铅、锌的粒级分布特征
Table 4. The grain size distribution of Pb and Zn in the sample
Size/mm Yield/% Content/% Distribution/% Pb Zn Pb Zn +0.074 35.37 0.16 0.24 26.35 33.39 -0.074+0.038 24.67 0.13 0.11 14.93 10.67 -0.038+0.020 15.71 0.14 0.12 10.24 7.41 -0.020+0.010 9.90 0.24 0.42 11.06 16.35 -0.010 14.35 0.56 0.57 37.42 32.18 合计 100.00 0.21 0.25 100.00 100.00
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表 5 全流程闭路试验结果
Table 5. Result of whole flow closed-circuit test
Products yield/% Grade/% Recovery/% Pb Zn S Au* Ag* Pb Zn S Au Ag Lead-zinc bulk Conc 0.36 15.62 38.55 38.32 15.83 2 268.57 28.03 53.69 0.52 7.63 18.47 Sulfide Conc 49.03 0.15 0.11 48.77 0.56 61.87 36.66 20.86 89.70 36.78 68.59 Tail 50.61 0.14 0.13 5.15 0.82 11.31 35.31 25.45 9.78 55.59 12.94 Feed 100.00 0.20 0.26 26.66 0.75 44.23 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 注：“*”号单位为g/t。
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