选矿废水处理技术现状及展望

胡尚军; 谢贤; 黎洁; 李博琦; 朱辉; 吕晋芳

doi:10.13779/j.cnki.issn1001-0076.2021.04.005

选矿废水处理技术现状及展望

1.
昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院, 云南昆明 650093

2.
省部共建复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室, 云南昆明 650093

3.
金属矿尾矿资源绿色综合利用国家地方联合工程研究中心, 云南昆明 650093

基金项目:
云南省应用基础研究计划基金项目（2019FA021）

详细信息

作者简介: 胡尚军(1997-), 男, 湖北孝感人, 硕士研究生

通讯作者: 谢贤(1981-), 男, 湖南怀化人, 博士

中图分类号: TD926.5

收稿日期: 2021-03-12

刊出日期: 2021-08-25

Current Status and Prospects of Treatment Technology for Mineral Processing Wastewater

1.
Faculty of Land Resource Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China

2.
State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming 650093, China

3.
National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Comprehensive Utilization of Metal Mine Tailings Resources, Kunming 650093, China

More Information

Corresponding author: XIE Xian

Received Date: 12 March 2021

Publish Date: 25 August 2021

摘要

摘要:
矿产资源开发过程中会产生大量的废水，这些废水含有酸、碱、固体悬浮物、重金属离子和各种残留的浮选药剂等，对矿山环境会造成严重污染。改善矿山生态环境，治理这些废水刻不容缓。该文介绍了选矿废水的基本特征和危害性，并综述了当前选矿废水处理的主要方法，从简单的凝结、絮凝和酸碱中和，到较为复杂的化学沉淀和化学氧化，再到综合性更强的人工湿地和微生物处理，并对未来选矿废水治理的发展提出了展望。
- 选矿废水 /
- 处理方法 /
- 化学氧化 /
- 人工湿地
Abstract:
The exploitation of mineral resources will produce a large amount of wastewater during the separation process. The wastewater contains acids, alkalis, suspended solids, heavy metal ions and various residual flotation reagents, etc., which will cause serious pollution to the mining environment. To improve the ecological environment of mines, it is urgent to treat these wastewater. This article introduces the basic characteristics and hazards of beneficiation wastewater as well as summarizes the main methods of current beneficiation wastewater treatment. The treatment method is first simple coagulation, flocculation and acid-base neutralization, then more complex chemical precipitation and chemical oxidation, and finally more comprehensive constructed wetland and microbial treatment. The prospect for the future development of mineral processing wastewater treatment is put forward.
- mineral processing wastewater /
- treatment method /
- chemical oxidation /
- constructed wetland

HTML全文

参考文献(48)

[1]	李超, 王丽萍. 选矿废水处理技术的研究进展[J]. 矿产保护与利用, 2020, 40(1): 72-78. http://kcbh.cbpt.cnki.net/WKD/WebPublication/paperDigest.aspx?paperID=0ac486f5-5aee-4903-b19d-57c9a711d10d
[2]	戴晶平. 凡口选矿回水中铅锌硫化矿浮选基础研究与工业实践[D]. 长沙: 中南大学, 2005.
[3]	熊道陵, 陈湘清, 蒋玉仁. 含钙物质对黄铜矿和黄铁矿浮选行为的影响[J]. 湖南有色金属, 2004, 20(6): 8-10. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HNYJ200406003.htm
[4]	宋强, 谢贤, 杨子轩, 等. 国内外选矿废水处理及回收利用研究进展[J]. 价值工程, 2017, 36(2): 90-93. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JZGC201702033.htm
[5]	罗仙平, 谢明辉. 金属矿山选矿废水净化与资源化利用现状与研究发展方向[J]. 中国矿业, 2006(10): 51-56. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGKA200610015.htm
[6]	张春菊. 白钨选矿废水零排放技术研究[D]. 赣州: 江西理工大学, 2009.
[7]	CHEN JM, LIU RQ, SUN W, et al. Effect of mineral processing wastewater on flotation of sulfide minerals[J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2009(2): 454-457 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1003632608602940
[8]	GONG X, CHEN ZH, LUO ZH. Spatial distribution, temporalvariation, and sources of heavy metal pollution in groundwater of a century-old nonferrous metal mining and smelting area in China[J]. Environmental Monitoring & Assessment, 2014(12): 9101-9116. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25297712
[9]	乐成峰, 李云梅, 查勇, 等. 太湖悬浮物对水体生态环境的影响及其高光谱反演[J]. 环境科学学报, 2008(10): 2148-2155. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HJXX200810037.htm
[10]	KRUPSKAYA LT, ZVEREVA VP. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals with environmental objects and assessment of health risks (the former mining enterprise Khingansky GOK as an example)[J]. Russian Journal of General Chemistry, 2014(13): 2542-2544. http://forest.ckcest.cn/d/hxwx/AVkJzHyX49MUqoKBN7jx.html
[11]	BENIN DW. Xanthate salt water toxicity and environmental outcomes[J]. Express Information of Mineral Processing Abroad, 1999(9): 18-20.
[12]	仲崇波, 王成功, 陈炳辰. 氰化物的危害及其处理方法综述[J]. 金属矿山, 2001(5): 44-46. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JSKS200105016.htm
[13]	周玉玲, 梁兵锋, 胡罗珍. 氧化铜铁矿选矿废水处理研究[J]. 国外金属矿选矿, 1982(12): 14-15. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JSXK198212006.htm
[14]	陈伟, 彭新平, 陈代雄. 某铅锌矿选矿废水处理复用与零排放试验研究[J]. 环境工程, 2011, 29(3): 37-39. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HJGC201103013.htm
[15]	严群, 桂勇刚, 周娜娜, 等. 混凝沉淀法处理含砷选矿废水[J]. 环境工程学报, 2014(9): 3683-3688. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HJJZ201409026.htm
[16]	郑雅杰, 彭映林, 李长虹. 二段中和法处理酸性矿山废水[J]. 中南大学学报: 自然科学版, 2011(5): 1215-1219. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZNGD201105008.htm
[17]	吴飞. 德兴铜矿矿山废水治理现状及其前景[J]. 铜业工程, 2000(1): 27-29. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TYGC200001007.htm
[18]	王辉, 孔凡峰, 李世俊. 分段中和法处理铀矿山酸性废水[J]. 湿法冶金, 2013(5): 329-332. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SFYJ201305024.htm
[19]	杨震, 金立忠. 粉煤灰在废水处理中的应用[J]. 科技创新导报, 2012(32): 114-114. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZXDB201232083.htm
[20]	QIU JY, WANG ZY. Adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ) using silicabased adsorbent prepared by radiation-induced grafting[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009, 166: 270-276. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.11.053
[21]	郝鹏飞, 梁靖. 改性沸石对含铅废水的处理研究[J]. 环境科学与管理, 2009, 34(6): 106-108. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-BFHJ200906032.htm
[22]	BACH A, SHEMER H, SEMIATR. Kinetics of phenol mineralization by Fenton-like oxidation[J]. Desalination, 2010(3): 188-192. http://www.onacademic.com/detail/journal_1000034069499210_5671.html
[23]	WANG X, LIU W, DUAN H, et al. Degradation mechanism study of amine collectors in fenton process by quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis[J]. Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing, 2018(3): 713-721. http://www.journalssystem.com/ppmp/pdf-80830-18507?filename=Degradation
[24]	CHEN S, DU DY. Degradation of n-butyl xanthate using fly ash as heterogeneous fenton-like catalyst[J]. Journal of Central South University, 2014(4): 1448-1452. doi: 10.1007/s11771-014-2084-3
[25]	冯章标, 何发钰, 邱廷省. 选矿废水治理与循环利用技术现状及展望[J]. 金属矿山, 2016(7): 71-77. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JSKS201607012.htm
[26]	王然, 孙春宝, 曾慧峰, 等. 臭氧氧化法处理尾矿废水中浮选药剂的研究[J]. 水处理技术, 2011(9): 41-43. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SCLJ201109009.htm
[27]	金洁蓉, 陈赛松, 杨岳平, 等. 铁粉还原-Fenton氧化处理络合铜废水的研究[J]. 环境工程学报, 2010(6): 1353-1356. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HJJZ201006031.htm
[28]	郑明东. 含氰废水处理方法评述[J]. 有色矿冶, 1996(5): 41-43. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YSKY605.010.htm
[29]	王斌喜. 凝聚沉淀法处理焦化废水中氰化物试验研究[D]. 西安: 西安建筑科技大学, 2000.
[30]	赵永红, 谢明辉, 罗仙平, 等. 去除水中黄药的试验研究[J]. 金属矿山, 2006(6): 75-77. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JSKS200606020.htm
[31]	VYMAZAL J. Removal of nutrients in various types of constructed wetlands[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2007, 380(1/3): 48-65 http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jan_Vymazal/publication/6717563_Removal_of_Nutrients_in_Various_Types_of_Constructed_Wetlands/links/0deec53029b716cb06000000/Removal-of-Nutrients-in-Various-Types-of-Constructed-Wetlands.pdf
[32]	ONUR CT, CENGIZ T, HARUN B, et al. Constructed wetlands as green tools for management of boron mine wastewate[J]. International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2014(16): 537-553.
[33]	周仲魁, 陈泽堂, 孙占学. 人工湿地在治理矿山废水中的应用[J]. 铀冶炼, 2008, 27(4): 202-205. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YKYI200804014.htm
[34]	陈月芳, 高琨, 林海, 等. 耐铅锌微生物对矿山酸性废水中Zn²⁺和Pb²⁺吸附性能分析[J]. 中南大学学报: 自然科学版, 2013(4): 1741-1746. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZNGD201304065.htm
[35]	闫虎祥, 周杰, 高宝钗. 生物制剂深度处理技术在选矿废水改造工程中的应用[J]. 广东化工, 2019, 46(14): 147-148.
[36]	VIGNESH K, PRIYANKAR, HARIHARANR, et al. Suganthi fabrication of CdS and CuWO₄ modified TiO₂ nanoparticles and its photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation[J]. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 2014(2): 435-443. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/jspui/bitstream/10603/124879/12/12_chapter%207.pdf
[37]	HUNG C., DUONG, THAO M., et al. A novel application of membrane distillation to facilitate nickel recovery from electroplating wastewater[J]. Environmental science and pollution research, 2019, 26(23): 23407-23415. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-05626-9
[38]	李薇, 吴楠楠, 龚奂彰, 等. 含铊工业废水的处理技术研究现状[J]. 工业水处理, 2018, 38(12): 7-9. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GYSC201812002.htm
[39]	长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司. 白钨选矿废水处理工艺: CN102826695A[P]. 2012-12-19.
[40]	董栋, 郭保万, 孙伟, 等. 铅锌选矿废水净化处理试验[J]. 现代业, 2013, 20(9): 143-145. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KYKB201309055.htm
[41]	张诚, 柳建设, 付瑾, 等. 铜矿矿山废水的物化净化处理研究[J]. 铜业工程, 2011, 18(2): 73-75. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TYGC201102024.htm
[42]	LI H G, WATSON J, ZHANG Y H, et al. Environment-enhancing process for algal wastewater treatment, heavy metal control and hydrothermal biofuel production: A critical review[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2019, 298: 122421. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960852419316517
[43]	张玉芝. 煤矿灯房含酸废水处理[J]. 广东化工, 2009, 36(10): 145-146. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GDHG200910071.htm
[44]	胡波. 复杂多金属硫化矿选矿废水处理与回用工艺研究[D]. 长沙: 湖南农业大学, 2012.
[45]	姜智超, 杨国超, 付向辉, 等. 5000t/d钨铋选矿废水处理工业分流试验[J]. 矿业工程, 2019, 39(3): 77-80. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KYGC201903020.htm
[46]	付金涛. 锡铁山铅锌矿选矿废水高效循环利用实践[J]. 中国有色金属, 2018, (S1): 367-370. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YSGY2018S1083.htm
[47]	龙中, 吴攀, 黄家琰, 等. 多级复氧反应-垂直流人工湿地深度处理煤矿酸性废水[J]. 环境工程学报, 2019, 13(6): 1391-1399. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HJJZ201906018.htm
[48]	宋淑敏, 刘伟, 朱丽云, 等. 云南某锌冶炼厂废水深度处理工程改造与实践[J]. 化学工业工程, 2019, 36(1): 78-83. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HXGY201901010.htm