三元体系KCl+CaCl<sub>2</sub>+H<sub>2</sub>O在278.2 K及308.2 K下的稳定相平衡研究

姚智豪; 孟浩; 于旭东; 陈帅; 罗军

doi:10.13779/j.cnki.issn1001-0076.2021.06.013

三元体系KCl+CaCl₂+H₂O在278.2 K及308.2 K下的稳定相平衡研究

1.
成都理工大学材料与化学化工学院，四川成都 610059

2.
青海盐湖工业股份有限公司，青海格尔木 816099

基金项目:
四川省科技计划应用基础研究(2017JY0191)

详细信息

作者简介: 姚智豪(1999-)，男，硕士，研究方向为相平衡与相图，E-mail: yaozhihaoc413@126.com

通讯作者: 于旭东(1985-)，男，博士，副教授，研究方向为相平衡与分离技术，E-mail: xwdlyxd@126.com

中图分类号: TD971⁺.1;TF111.3

收稿日期: 2021-12-04

刊出日期: 2021-12-25

Stable Phase Equilibria of Ternary System KCl+CaCl₂+H₂O at 278.2 K and 308.2 K

1.
College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China

2.
Qinghai Salt Lake Industry Co., Ltd, Golmud 816099, China

More Information

Corresponding author: YU Xudong, xwdlyxd@126.com

Received Date: 04 December 2021

Publish Date: 25 December 2021

摘要

摘要:
采用等温溶解平衡法研究了三元体系KCl+CaCl₂+H₂O在278.2 K及308.2 K温度条件下的稳定相平衡关系，实验测定了平衡时各组分的溶解度、密度、折光率，联合采用Schreinemaker湿渣法与X-ray粉晶衍射法确定了平衡固相组成。结果表明三元体系在278.2 K及308.2 K温度条件下为简单三元体系，无复盐或固溶体生成，对应的稳定相图包含1个共饱和点，2条单变量曲线和2个单盐结晶区。对比三元体系278.2 K、308.2 K、348.2 K温度条件下的相图发现：308.2 K时，氯化钾结晶区最大，表明此时氯化钾最易析出；随温度进一步升高，氯化钙结晶形式由CaCl₂·6H₂O转变为CaCl₂·2H₂O。
- 氯化钾 /
- 氯化钙 /
- 相平衡 /
- 水合盐 /
- 多温相图
Abstract:
The stable phase equilibria of the ternary system KCl+CaCl₂+H₂O at 278.2 K and 308.2 K were investigated by isothermal dissolution equilibrium method. The solubilities, densities, and refractive indices of the aqueous ternary system were determined, the corresponding solid phases were identified by Schreinemakers wet residue method and X-ray diffraction. The results show that the ternary system KCl+CaCl₂+H₂O at 278.2 K and 308.2 K are both simple types, without double salt or solid solution formed. The stable phase diagram of the ternary system consists of one invariant point, two isothermal dissolution curves, and two crystallization zones corresponding to two single salts CaCl₂·6H₂O and KCl. By comparison of the stable phase diagrams at 278.2 K, 308.2 K, and 348.2 K shows that the crystallization region of KCl is largest at 308.2 K, which means that it is most easily precipitated from the chloride type solution with potassium and calcium. The crystallization form of calcium chloride changes from CaCl₂·6H₂O to CaCl₂·2H₂O with temperature increase.
- potassium chloride /
- calcium chloride /
- phase equilibria /
- hydrated salt /
- multi-temperature phase diagram

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图 1 三元体系KCl+CaCl₂+H₂O 278.2 K稳定相图

Figure 1.

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图 2 三元体系KCl+CaCl₂+H₂O 278.2 K时E点平衡固相XRD图谱

Figure 2.

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图 3 三元体系KCl+CaCl₂+H₂O 308.2 K时稳定相图

Figure 3.

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图 4 三元体系KCl+CaCl₂+H₂O 308.2 K时F点的平衡固相XRD图谱

Figure 4.

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图 5 三元体系KCl+CaCl₂+H₂O多温对比相图

Figure 5.

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图 6 三元体系KCl+CaCl₂+H₂O 278.2 K、308.2K时的密度—组成图

Figure 6.

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图 7 三元体系KCl+CaCl₂+H₂O 278.2 K、308.2 K下的折光率—组成图

Figure 7.

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表 1 三元体系KCl+CaCl₂+H₂O 278.2 K、308.2K固液平衡组成、密度和折光率

Table 1. The composition, density and refractive index of the ternary system KCl+CaCl₂+H₂O at 278.2 K and 308.2 K

编号	密度/(g·cm^-3)	折光率	液相组成w(B)/%		固相组成w(B)/%		平衡固相
编号	密度/(g·cm^-3)	折光率	w(KCl)	w(CaCl₂)	w(KCl)	w(CaCl₂)	平衡固相
T=278.2 K
1, A	1.1537	1.3660	22.55	0.00	-	-	KCl
2	1.1614	1.3712	19.54	3.66	57.71	2.08	KCl
3	1.1665	1.3734	17.56	5.62	67.32	2.82	KCl
4	1.1733	1.3767	16.20	7.48	56.66	4.02	KCl
5	1.1830	1.3781	14.91	9.03	88.25	1.73	KCl
6	1.1897	1.3819	13.07	11.05	44.21	7.05	KCl
7	1.1993	1.3839	12.11	12.60	85.28	2.69	KCl
8	1.2129	1.3899	10.24	15.55	71.75	4.76	KCl
9	1.2254	1.3939	8.50	17.71	37.55	12.50	KCl
10	1.2409	1.3996	7.12	20.88	56.09	9.86	KCl
11	1.2609	1.4064	5.92	23.62	51.97	11.98	KCl
12	1.2720	1.4099	5.36	25.37	56.48	11.64	KCl
13	1.2941	1.4159	4.17	27.87	56.41	12.51	KCl
14	1.3272	1.4243	2.24	31.91	84.17	5.53	KCl
15, E	1.3848	1.4401	1.74	37.88	0.37	46.74	KCl+CaCl₂·6H₂O
16	1.3731	1.4405	0.72	38.32	0.11	46.40	CaCl₂·6H₂O
17, B	1.3796	1.4400	0.00	38.49	-	-	CaCl₂·6H₂O
T=308.2 K
1, C	1.1857	1.3700	28.17	0.00	-	-	KCl
2	1.1881	1.3754	23.46	4.62	63.80	2.20	KCl
3	1.2066	1.3808	19.92	8.76	65.39	3.59	KCl
4	1.2235	1.3868	15.98	13.04	55.87	6.91	KCl
5	1.2374	1.3930	13.17	16.92	51.74	9.25	KCl
6	1.2583	1.3998	11.06	20.14	47.56	11.93	KCl
7	1.2759	1.4066	8.95	23.59	45.21	14.86	KCl
8	1.3005	1.4135	7.55	26.70	43.38	16.45	KCl
9	1.3217	1.4202	5.95	29.96	40.69	19.25	KCl
10	1.3363	1.4268	5.24	32.84	48.38	17.82	KCl
11	1.3576	1.4330	4.70	35.52	45.60	20.02	KCl
12	1.3840	1.4390	4.53	37.42	46.93	19.77	KCl
13	1.3969	1.4441	4.81	39.37	46.06	23.04	KCl
14	1.4198	1.4500	4.86	41.41	47.34	23.01	KCl
15	1.4627	1.4598	5.38	44.26	45.41	25.98	KCl
16	1.5078	1.4665	5.05	47.00	36.84	31.93	KCl
17	1.5317	1.4716	5.98	49.18	89.04	6.15	KCl
18, F	1.5557	1.4773	6.38	50.48	9.13	51.72	KCl+CaCl₂·4H₂O
19	1.5138	1.4680	5.65	50.72	-	-	CaCl₂·4H₂O
20	1.4919	1.4674	3.85	50.81	-	-	CaCl₂·4H₂O
21, D	1.4863	1.4675	0.00	51.18	-	-	CaCl₂·4H₂O

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