Technological Mineralogical Characteristics and Beneficiation Test of A High-Fe Copper Mine
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摘要:
为查明矿石性质对选矿指标的影响,对国外某高铁型铜硫矿采用光学显微镜、物相分析和化学多元素分析等分析测试手段,研究了矿石的矿物组成、主要矿物嵌布特征和主要元素赋存状态等工艺矿物学特征。工艺矿物学研究结果表明,Cu和S为矿石中主要目的元素,品位分别为0.78%和11.12%,伴生元素银品位为7.5 g/t,铜主要赋存于黄铜矿、辉铜矿和铜蓝中; 硫主要赋存于黄铁矿和黄铜矿中。部分含铜和含硫矿物粒度较细,嵌布于脉石矿物孔隙处或包裹于脉石矿物中,影响铜硫的分离与回收。根据工艺矿物学特征,采用“铜硫混合浮选—铜硫粗精矿再磨—铜硫分离”的选矿工艺流程,最终获得铜精矿Cu品位为20.61%、Cu回收率为72.63%,Ag在铜精矿中富集,含量143.90 g/t,回收率76.51%,硫精矿S品位为32.19%、S回收率为91.41%。
Abstract:In order to find out the influence of ore properties on beneficiation indexes, optical microscope, electron probe, phase analysis, and chemical multi-element analysis were used to study the mineral composition, main mineral embedding characteristics and occurrence state of main elements minerals of a copper sulfide ore abroad. The mineralogical characteristics results show that the main target elements in the ore are Cu a·nd S, the grade is 0.78% and 11.12%, respectively, the associated element silver grade is 7.5 g/t, and copper mainly occurs in chalcopyrite, chalcocite and covellite; S is mainly occurs in pyrite and chalcopyrite. Some copper and sulfur-containing minerals have fine particle size, which are embedded in the pores of gangue minerals or wrapped in gangue minerals, affecting the separation and recovery of copper and sulfur. According to the mineralogical characteristics, the beneficiation process of "mixed flotation-copper-sulfur coarse concentrate regrind-copper-sulfur separation" is adopted, and the final copper concentrate Cu grade is 20.61%, and the Cu recovery rate is 72.63%; Ag was enriched in copper concentrate with the content of 143.90 g/t and the recovery rate of 77.96%; the sulfur concentrate S grade is 32.19%, S recovery rate is 91.41%.
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Key words:
- copper sulfide ore /
- copper-sulfur separation /
- process mineralogy /
- flotation
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表 1 化学多元素分析结果
Table 1. Multi-elements analysis results
/% 成分 Cu S Ag* Pb Zn Fe K2O Na2O 含量 0.78 11.12 7.5 0.024 0.16 14.65 0.40 0.26 成分 SiO2 Al2O3 CaO MgO P F C Mn 含量 33.74 6.04 1.15 16.29 0.12 0.22 0.037 0.048 注:带“*”标识的元素的计量单位为g/t。 表 2 铜物相分析结果
Table 2. The result of copper phase analysis
/% 铜物相 游离氧化铜 结合氧化铜 次生硫化铜 原生硫化铜 合计 Cu含量 0.054 0.053 0.45 0.22 0.777 Cu分布率 6.95 6.82 57.92 28.31 100.00 表 3 铁物相分析结果
Table 3. The result of iron phase analysis
/% 铁物相 磁性铁 碳酸铁 硅酸铁 硫化铁 赤褐铁及其他 合计 Fe含量 4.04 0.18 0.87 8.86 0.70 14.65 Fe分布率 27.58 1.23 5.94 60.48 4.78 100.00 表 4 矿石中各主要矿物组成
Table 4. The main mineral composition results of the ore
/% 矿物 黄铜矿 辉铜矿 铜蓝 砷黝铜矿 黄铁矿 磁铁矿 石英 透闪石 绿泥石 含量 0.83 0.23 0.16 0.06 20.69 5.52 1.56 19.26 10.61 矿物 普通角闪石 透辉石 蛇纹石 黑云母 拉长石 高岭石 滑石 阳起石 其他 含量 6.23 8.04 7.51 4.63 4.12 3.48 2.19 2.74 2.14 表 5 铜元素的赋存状态
Table 5. Occurrence state of Cu
/% 矿物(组) 矿物含量 含量 分配率 黄铜矿 0.83 34.46 41.21 辉铜矿 0.23 76.52 25.36 铜蓝 0.16 66.25 15.27 砷黝铜矿 0.06 41.67 3.60 其它 98.72 0.001 14.56 合计 100.00 100.00 表 6 硫元素的赋存状态
Table 6. Occurrence state of S
/% 矿物(组) 矿物含量 含量 分布率 黄铁矿 20.69 53.46 95.02 黄铜矿 0.83 34.94 2.49 其它 78.48 0.004 2.49 合计 100.00 100.00 表 7 磁选探索试验结果
Table 7. Results of magnetic separation exploration test
/% 产品名称 产率/% 品位 回收率 Cu S Fe Cu S Fe 磁性精矿 7.28 0.74 6.00 47.48 7.10 3.93 23.54 尾矿 92.72 0.76 11.53 12.11 92.90 96.07 76.46 给矿 100.00 0.76 11.13 14.68 100.00 100.00 100.00 表 8 闭路试验浮选结果
Table 8. The result of closed-circuit test
产品 产率/% 品位/% 回收率/% Cu S Ag Cu S Ag 铜精矿 2.79 20.61 28.51 143.90 72.63 7.03 76.51 硫精矿 32.11 0.31 32.19 0.90 12.57 91.41 6.12 尾矿 65.10 0.18 0.27 1.30 14.80 1.55 17.37 给矿 100.00 0.79 11.31 5.25 100.00 100.00 100.00 注:Ag 品位单位为 g/t。 -
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