THE DISTRIBUTION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF MUD VOLCANOES IN THE NORTHEASTERN SOUTH CHINA SEA
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摘要:
前人在南海东北部发现许多与天然气渗漏相关的规模大小不一的泥火山。受数据类型和分辨率所限,这些泥火山规模大小存在数据断层。利用多波束地形数据,在研究区域新发现了27个直径在300~1 170 m、高度在5~120 m范围内的泥火山,并且这些泥火山大多发育在海底侵蚀作用强烈的峡谷中。南海东北部海底地层中泥质和烃类来源充足,较快的沉积速率构成的超压体系以及强烈的挤压构造应力作用,使得含气高压泥浆上涌,穿透峡谷较薄的沉积层,这些黏性泥质在海底表面堆积形成了泥火山。
Abstract:Mud volcanoes in different sizes are found associated with gas seepages in the northeastern South China Sea. Restricted by types and low resolutions of the data, there are gaps in the size of mud volcanoes. Using multi-beam bathymetry data, we find 27 new mud volcanoes in the study area 5~120 m in heights with diameters between 300~1 170 m. Most of them are found in the canyons of heavy erosion. There are enough mud and gas as sources, and the overpressure system due to the joint actions of rapid sedimentation rate and tectonic compression forced the gas-rich mud to pierce into the thin canyon deposits and form mud volcanoes.
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Key words:
- northeastern South China Sea /
- mud volcanoes /
- gas seepages /
- deep water /
- submarine canyon
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图 1 南海东北部构造特征和水深图(构造特征据文献[9])
Figure 1.
图 7 南海东北部泥火山地震剖面图及其地质解释图(据文献[22])
Figure 7.
表 1 南海东北海域泥火山参数特征(前人泥火山数据据文献[20, 22])
Table 1. The parameters of mud volcanoes in the northeastern South China Sea (previous mud volcanoes data from references [20, 22])
编号 侧翼倾角/(°) 水深/m 泥火山规模 数据源 备注 高,直径/m 高,长,宽/m MV1_1 11.9 1 425 5,620,425 MGL0905 新发现泥火山 MV1_2 9.4 1 450 5,310 MGL0905 MV2_1 10.2 1 990 40,465 MGL0907 MV2_2 9.7 1 995 105,765 MGLl0907 MV3_1 9.9 1 365 45,420 MGL0905 MV3_2 9.1 1 745 75,975 MGL0905 MV3_3 5.9 1 485 40,520 MGL0905 MV3_4 4.9 1 570 75,500 MGL0905 MV4_1 12.0 2 210 40,1 000 MGL0905 MV4_2 5.5 2 055 45,1 065 MGL0905 MV5_1 10.3 2 610 45,995,690 MGL0908 MV5_2 11.4 2 635 45,930,675 MGL0908 MV6_1 14.4 1 690 120,1 425 MGL0906 MV6_2 13.1 1 810 70,1 095 rr1007 MV6_3 17.0 815 85,1 170 EW9509 MV7_1 13.5 3 120 100,1 155 MGL0907 MV7_2 13.4 3 050 40,1 000 MGL0907 MV8_1 11.6 1 335 90,810 MGL0908 MV8_2 6.5 1 410 95,805 MGL0908 MV8_3 7.5 1 440 95,1 005 MGL0908 MV8_4 14.7 1 450 70,820 EW9509 MV9_1 8.0 1 490 15,545,325 rr1205 MV9_2 10.3 1 460 25,725,415 rr1205 MV9_3 12.5 1 490 45,640 rr1205 MV9_4 7.8 1 695 15,430 rr1205 MV9_5 6.5 1 700 20,405 rr1205 MV9_6 5.8 1 615 10,315 rr1205 MV1 9.0 365 95,1 250 MCS-793、
MCS-928、
MCS2-1616、
MGL-0908据文献[22] MV2 12.0 425 85,1 200,600 MV3 8.0 465 145,2 000 MV4 10.0 465 140,1 900 MV5 8.6 430 175,2 200 MV6 7.4 515 135,2 900,1 300 MV7 7.2 540 65,1 100 MV8 12.7 610 75,680 MV9 9.5 610 240,2 800 MV10 13.6 505 345,3 300 MV11 10.0 760 240,3 000 MV12 9.6 370 280,4 100 MV13 5.3 653 115,4 000,2 500 MV1 97.5 1.8,142 OR1-423 据文献[20] MV2 55 34,220 OR1-764 MV3 1 455 3,200 OR1-735 MV4 470 20,345 OR1-746 -
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