DEPOSITIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LOW-RESISTANCE OIL RESERVOIRS OF THE GUANTAO FORMATION IN THE BOHAI SEA AND THEIR CONTROL FACTORS: A PERSPECTIVE OF QHD OILFIELD
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摘要:
根据渤海海域QHD油田地震、测井、录井及取心资料分析，结合室内实验观察数据，对低阻油层发育段-馆陶组二段 2 小层（馆细段）的储层岩石学和沉积学特征进行了综合研究。馆细段储层以岩屑长石砂岩和长石岩屑砂岩为主，磨圆度以次棱角—次圆状为主，分选较差。储层砂岩自下而上依次发育杂乱砾石沉积、中型交错层理、槽状交错层理、板状交错层理、波状交错层理及水平层理，泥岩以杂色为主，反映了一种浅水弱氧化—弱还原环境和氧化环境。低阻油层储层具有弱水动力沉积背景，主要发育心滩、辫状水道、泛滥平原和小型冲沟沉积微相。综合分析认为宏观的沉积环境、成岩作用和微观的黏土矿物共同造成了储层物性差及孔隙结构复杂化，使得馆细段束缚水饱和度偏高，是低阻油层形成的主要因素。
Abstract:A comprehensive study is made in this paper on the lithology and depositional characteristics of the low-resistivity oil reservoirs of the Guanxi section of Guantao Formation, based upon the seismic, logging, and coring data and laboratory testing data collected from the QHD oil field of the Bohai Sea. The reservoirs in the Guanxi section is dominated by lithic feldsparthic sandstone and feldsparthic lithic-sandstone, consisting of subangular and sub-rounded sand deposits with gravels in an ordered sequence from medium-sized cross bedding, trough-shaped cross bedding, plate-shaped cross bedding, wavy cross bedding, to horizontal bedding from bottom to top. The mudstone is mainly variegated, which also indicates a shallow water environment under weak oxidation-weak reduction and/or oxidizing environment. In general, the low-resistivity reservoir suggests a weak hydrodynamic environment, dominated by such microfacies as braided channels, mid-channel bars, flood plain and small gullies. The integrated study suggests that sedimentary environment, diagenesis and micro-clay minerals are the reasons which caused the poor physical properties of the reservoirs and the complicated pore structure, which made up the high water saturation of the Guan Xi section is also a major factor for the formation of the low-resistance oil reservoirs.
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表 1 QHD油田馆细段粒度分级统计
Table 1. Grain size composition of the Guanxi section in QHD Oilfield
分类 粒级区间/µm 百分含量/% 砾石 2 000.00 - 0.00 巨砾 1 000.00 2 000.00 0.00 粗砾 500.00 1 000.00 2.65 中砂 250.00 500.00 13.76 细砂 125.00 250.00 10.07 极细砂 62.50 125.00 9.14 粗粉砂 31.25 62.50 16.81 细粉砂 3.90 31.25 38.65 黏土 0.00 3.90 8.93 
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