巴基斯坦东部海域中—新生代沉积研究进展

李森; 梁杰; 龚建明; 廖晶; 陈建文; 张银国; 王建强; 杨传胜; 袁勇; 雷宝华

doi:10.16028/j.1009-2722.2021.016

巴基斯坦东部海域中—新生代沉积研究进展

1.
中国地质调查局青岛海洋地质研究所，青岛 266237

2.
青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋矿产资源评价与探测技术功能实验室，青岛 266237

基金项目: 中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2020M682134)；山东省博士后创新项目；青岛市博士后应用研究项目；国家自然科学基金面上项目(42076220)

详细信息

作者简介: 李森（1992—），男，博士后，主要从事海域油气资源调查方面的研究工作. E-mail：justdoitlisen@126.com

通讯作者: 梁杰（1979—），男，博士，正高级工程师，主要从事海域油气资源调查方面的研究工作. E-mail：lj_100@163.com

中图分类号: P736.21

收稿日期: 2021-01-26

录用日期: 2021-11-30

刊出日期: 2022-02-28

Research progress of the Meso-Cenozoic sedimentary evolution in eastern Pakistan sea

1.
Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, China Geology Survey, Qingdao 266071, China

2.
Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071, China

More Information

Corresponding author: LIANG Jie, lj_100@163.com

Received Date: 26 January 2021

Accepted Date: 30 November 2021

Publish Date: 28 February 2022

摘要

摘要:
巴基斯坦海域地处全球三大板块交汇区域，地质历史时期经历过复杂的构造-沉积演化；新生代以来，印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞导致喜马拉雅快速隆升，并在巴基斯坦东部海域发育世界第2大深水扇−印度扇；此外，还位于亚洲两大季风区之一的印度季风区，是研究“构造-沉积-气候”耦合问题的天然有利场所。通过归纳总结前人研究成果，对巴基斯坦东部海域中—新生代沉积研究现状进行了综述，提出了该区尚存争议的主要问题和下一步研究方向。目前，针对巴基斯坦东部海域沉积研究主要有4大方向：中新世以来印度扇沉积研究现状；中—新生代其他典型地质体沉积研究现状；晚第四纪末次浊流沉积研究现状；构造-沉积-气候耦合研究现状。相比较而言，对于德干玄武岩之下的中生代沉积、典型沉积体系之外的区域沉积演化、陆域-海域沉积体系对比等方面报道较少，尚需更加深入地研究。
- 巴基斯坦东部海域 /
- 沉积演化 /
- 印度扇 /
- 耦合关系
Abstract:
The East Pakistan sea area, located in the junction of three major plates of the world, has experienced complex tectonic-sedimentary evolution in history. Since Cenozoic era, the collision between the Indian plate and the Eurasian plate has been accelerated, that led to the rapid uplifting of the Himalaya, the form of the Indus deep-water fan, the second largest in the world, and the development of the sea off the Pakistan land. In addition to it, the area is heavily influenced by Indian monsoon as one of the two major monsoon regions in Asia. It is indeed the unique place in the world for study of the coupling relationship and interaction among the tectonic, sedimentary and climatic factors. Upon the basis of previous research results, we summarized in this paper the current research status of sedimentary evolution of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic basins in the Eastern Pakistan sea, put forward some main problems remained in controversy and made suggestions for future researches. Four main research interests and directions are put in front of us, i.e, the Indus fan since Miocene; the typical Meso-Cenozoic sedimentary geological bodies; the latest Quaternary turbidite sedimentology and the interaction of tectonic, sedimentation and climate. So far, few reports are available concerning the Mesozoic sediments beneath the Deccan basalt, the regional sedimentary evolution out of the depositional system, and the correlation of continental-marine sedimentary systems. Further investigations should be accelerated.
- eastern Pakistan sea /
- sedimentary evolution /
- Indus Fan /
- coupling relationship

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图 1 巴基斯坦海域地理位置及构造单元组成

Figure 1.

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图 2 中生代以来印度板块关键构造事件^[3]

Figure 2.

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图 3 巴基斯坦海域-陆地地层对比柱状图^[2]

Figure 3.

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图 4 始新世以来巴基斯坦海域板块恢复结果及印度扇演化模拟^[32-33]

Figure 4.

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图 5 古近纪以来印度扇（上部）沉积速率演化^[34]

Figure 5.

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图 6 多道二维地震剖面显示印度扇内部结构

Figure 6.

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图 7 εNd-⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr同位素交汇图显示下印度河与印度扇物源输入信号演化^[36]

Figure 7.

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图 8 典型碳酸盐岩台地地震反射特征^[24]

Figure 8.

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图 9 晚第四纪印度扇浊流沉积演化模式^[41]

Figure 9.

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图 10 中-新生代南亚和印度洋地区构造-沉积-气候耦合分析^[35]

Figure 10.

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