Fine study on lower gentle-distorted structures under the condition of few wells and its implications for oil and gas exploration
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摘要:
南海东部地区生产油田构造多为受断层阴影影响的低缓构造，通常存在一定程度的上拉或下拉畸变。对于较大幅度的畸变，可以通过改进地震采集方式、处理技术、解释成图技术予以部分消除；但对于小尺度的畸变，因研究人员不易识别或者主观上觉得畸变小而忽略其存在，给油田构造和储量的认识带来较大不确定性，影响油田总体开发方案的设计。为此，以HA/HB油田为例，从构造成图的各个环节进行回顾分析，认为探井位置上拉畸变的构造可能存在一定的外围储量潜力；同时，针对性地提出了趋势面约束校正的方法，有效恢复了构造真实形态。油田勘探开发的实践表明，该方法有效提高了构造预测精度，成功指导了评价井的设计和实施，对类似地质条件下油气田的构造研究具有良好的推广应用价值。
Abstract:In the eastern area of South China Sea, most production oilfields are in low and gentle structures and affected by fault shadow, and there is usually a certain degree of pull-up or pull-down distortion. For larger distortion, it can be partially eliminated by improving seismic acquisition method, seismic processing technology, and structural mapping with good understanding. However, the small-scale distortions are difficult to identify thus often ignored due to subjective thinking of the researchers. Consequently, small-scale distortions could sometime bring considerable uncertainty to the real pictures of oilfield structure and reserves, and further affect the overall development plan of oilfields. Therefore, taking HA and HB oilfields as examples, we conducted a retrospective analysis in each stage of structural mapping, and considered that the structure with pull-up distortion at the location of exploration well may have a certain reserve potential in the lower part. At the same time, a correction method of trend surface constraint was proposed, by which the real shape of the structure can be effectively restored. The practice of oilfield development and rolling evaluation show that this method could well improve the accuracy of structural prediction, successfully guide the design and implementation of evaluation wells, and shall be worthy of promotion and application for the structural research of oil and gas fields under similar geological conditions.
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