广西珍珠湾红树林湿地沉积物烃类物质的分布及来源解析

庞国涛; 杨源祯; 张晓磊; 谢磊; 阎琨

doi:10.16028/j.1009-2722.2022.063

广西珍珠湾红树林湿地沉积物烃类物质的分布及来源解析

1.
中国地质调查局烟台海岸带地质调查中心，烟台 264000

2.
中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院，青岛 266100

3.
中国地质大学（武汉）环境学院，武汉 430000

基金项目: 中国地质调查局项目（DD20191024）；中国地质调查局自然资源综合调查指挥中心项目（ZD20220131）

详细信息

作者简介: 庞国涛（1990—），男，硕士，工程师，主要从事海岸带环境地质调查与评价等方面的研究工作. E-mail：pgt5241@163.com

中图分类号: P736；P734.5

收稿日期: 2022-03-03

刊出日期: 2023-08-28

Distribution and source analysis of hydrocarbons in sediments of Zhenzhu Bay Mangrove Wetland in Guangxi

1.
Yantai Geological Survey Center of Coastal Zone, China Geological Survey, Yantai 264000, China

2.
College of Marine Earth Sciences, OceanUniversity of China, Qingdao 266100, China

3.
School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430000, China

Received Date: 03 March 2022

Publish Date: 28 August 2023

摘要

摘要:
为研究广西珍珠湾红树林湿地表层沉积物有机质中烃类化合物的分布特征及来源，于2021年9月采集珍珠湾红树林湿地表层沉积物样品13件，对沉积物中的正构烷烃和多环芳烃（PAHs）进行测试分析。分析结果表明：珍珠湾红树林湿地表层沉积物中正构烷烃的含量（干重）为362.17～10 390.72 ng/g，PAHs含量（干重）为7.76～28.06 ng/g，总体处于含量较低的水平；特征参数比值法分析结果显示，正构烷烃主要来源于陆源非浮水草本植物，未受石油及其衍生品的污染；PAHs具有大分子化合物占优势的特征，同分异构体比值法分析结果表明PAHs的潜在来源有石油、石油燃烧和煤炭草木燃烧，主成分分析-多元线性回归分析结果表明，其来源主要为混合燃烧源（＞52%），其次为石油污染源；应用效应区间低/中值法对PAHs进行生态风险评价，结果表明PAHs生态风险处于较低水平。
- 珍珠湾 /
- 正构烷烃 /
- 多环芳烃 /
- 来源解析
Abstract:
To study the distribution characteristics and sources of hydrocarbons in the surface sediments of Zhenzhu Bay Mangrove Wetland in Guangxi, South China, 13 surface sediments of the wetland were collected in September 2021 to test and analyze the normal alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the sediments. Results show that the content of n-alkanes (dry weight) in the surface sediments of the area was 362.17～10 390.72 ng/g, and the content of PAHs (dry weight) was 7.76～28.06 ng/g, which was generally at a low level. The n-alkanes were mainly come from terrestrial non-floating herbs and were not polluted by petroleum and its derivatives; PAHs were characteristic of dominant macromolecular compounds as shown in the characteristic parameter ratio method. The potential sources of PAHs were pertroleum, pertroleum combustion, and coal vegetation combustion as indicated in the isomer ratio method. In addition, the main source of PAHs was mixed combustion source (>52%), followed by oil pollution source, as revealed by the principal component analysis/linear regression analysis model (PCA-MLR). At last, the ecological risk of PAHs was at a low level as determined in the ecological risk evaluation of PAHs by the effect interval low/median method.
- Zhenzhu Bay /
- n-alkanes /
- polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons /
- source analysis

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图 1 研究区域及采样位置

Figure 1.

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图 2 正构烷烃含量的典型分布

Figure 2.

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图 3 研究区PAHs含量空间分布

Figure 3.

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图 4 研究区PAHs同分异构体比值来源判定

Figure 4.

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表 1 研究区表层沉积物正构烷烃特征参数

Table 1. The geochemical proxies of n-alkanes alkanes in surface sediments of the study area

分析项目	T-ALK/（ng/g）	CPI₁	CPI₂	∑T/∑M	ACL	TAR	OEP	AI	Pmar-aq
ZZ01	2 096.79	0.67	5.82	20.61	27.21	23.50	4.49	0.56	0.40
ZZ02	2 897.84	0.62	4.08	11.92	28.73	17.23	3.37	0.63	0.09
ZZ03	2 670.86	0.54	3.86	17.06	28.78	24.26	3.36	0.62	0.11
ZZ04	3 230.93	0.64	4.52	21.20	28.91	31.02	3.79	0.61	0.11
ZZ05	1 646.14	0.55	3.56	16.48	28.67	24.11	3.13	0.62	0.10
ZZ06	4 382.59	0.56	5.08	20.47	28.95	28.99	3.71	0.66	0.22
ZZ07	852.06	0.53	3.66	13.32	28.39	20.39	3.13	0.62	0.19
ZZ08	2 416.50	0.80	4.47	14.40	28.36	31.81	3.97	0.61	0.16
ZZ09	2 446.93	0.54	4.81	21.49	28.85	33.87	3.81	0.64	0.18
ZZ10	957.20	0.86	4.07	7.75	28.20	9.37	3.27	0.66	0.17
ZZ11	4 639.34	0.62	6.49	19.66	28.83	20.26	4.13	0.70	0.31
ZZ12	362.17	0.40	1.92	3.62	26.05	4.67	1.55	0.59	0.14
ZZ13	10 390.72	0.46	6.36	13.36	29.09	16.81	3.96	0.72	0.20
平均值	2 999.24	0.60	4.52	15.49	28.39	22.02	3.51	0.63	0.18
注：CPI₁=×[（C₁₅+C₁₇+C₁₉+C₂₁）/（C₁₄+C₁₆+C₁₈+C₂₀）+（C₁₅+C₁₇+C₁₉+C₂₁）/（C₁₄+C₁₆+C₁₈+C₂₀+C₂₂）]； CPI₂=×[（C₂₅+C₂₇+C₂₉+C₃₁+C₃₃+C₃₅）/（C₂₂+C₂₄+C₂₆+C₂₈+C₃₀+C₃₂）+（C₂₅+C₂₇+C₂₉+C₃₁+C₃₃+C₃₅）/（C₂₄+C₂₆+C₂₈+C₃₀+C₃₂+C₃₄）]； ∑T/∑M =（∑C_25-35）/ （∑C_15-21）；ACL=（∑[Ci]×i）/∑[Ci]； TAR=（C₂₇+C₂₉+C₃₁）/ （C₁₅+C₁₇+C₁₉）； OEP=（C₂₇+6×C₂₉+C₃₁）/（4×C₂₈+4×C₃₀）；AI=C₃₁/（C₂₉+C₃₁）；Pmar-aq=（C₂₃+C₂₅）/（C₂₃+C₂₅+C₂₇+C₂₉+C₃₁）

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表 2 研究区PAHs含量和检出率

Table 2. Concentrations and percentages of positive results of PAHs in the study area

PAHs	环数	检出率 /%	含量/（ng/g）
PAHs	环数	检出率 /%	最小值	最大值	平均值	中值
Nap	2	100	0.32	5.97	3.08	2.85
Flu	3	100	0.54	1.34	0.95	0.96
Phe	3	76.92	ND	3.31	2.06	1.88
Ant	3	38.46	ND	1.38	0.90	1.09
Fla	3	23.08	ND	3.50	2.27	1.81
Pyr	4	53.85	ND	3.78	2.17	1.85
BaA	4	30.77	ND	0.77	0.50	0.45
Chr	4	84.62	ND	2.16	0.80	0.56
BbF	4	84.62	ND	5.38	1.73	1.10
BkF	4	69.23	ND	2.07	0.81	0.61
BaP	5	100	0.56	6.57	1.42	1.05
DahA	5	15.38	ND	0.66	0.58	0.58
BghiP	6	100	0.67	4.40	1.83	1.58
IcdP	6	100	0.62	3.25	1.15	0.91
∑_2环PAHs			0.32	5.97	3.08	2.85
∑_3环PAHs			2.16	8.18	3.91	3.54
∑_4环PAHs			1.84	9.27	4.41	3.53
∑_5环PAHs			0.81	7.23	1.72	1.30
∑_6环PAHs			1.55	7.65	2.98	2.40
∑₁₄PAHs			7.76	28.06	13.01	10.39
注：ND为未检出。

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表 3 中国其他地区红树林湿地PAHs含量

Table 3. PAHs content in mangrove wetlands in other regions of China

位置	含量/（ng/g）	平均值/（ng/g）	来源文献
九龙江口红树林湿地	193.44～270.53	232.34	[32]
香港拉姆萨尔红树林湿地	161.7～386.3	210.2	[33]
深圳坝光红树林湿地	312.8～2 829.7	996.0	[34]
中国红树林湿地均值	3.16～464.05	29.23	[35]
珍珠湾红树林湿地	7.76～28.06	13.01	本研究

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表 4 研究区表层沉积物中PAHs的主成分分析结果

Table 4. principal component analysis results of PAHs in surface sediments of the study area

因子	PC1	PC2	PC3
Nap	−0.36	0.20	0.77
Flu	1.76	0.30	0.65
Phe	0.64	0.60	−0.13
Ant	−0.05	0.85	0.09
Fla	0.18	0.63	0.60
Pyr	0.05	0.95	0.04
BaA	0.80	−0.21	−0.14
Chr	0.43	−0.33	−0.04
BbF	0.96	0.15	0.16
BkF	0.98	−0.08	−0.03
BaP	0.84	−0.19	−0.24
DahA	0.92	0.28	0.18
BghiP	0.96	0.24	0.14
IcdP	−0.06	−0.21	0.88

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表 5 研究区表层沉积物PAHs含量特征及生态风险标志水平

Table 5. PAHs content characteristics and ecological risk marker levels of surface sediments in the study area

PAHs	含量/（ng/g）	平均含量/（ng/g）	生态风险标志水平
PAHs	含量/（ng/g）	平均含量/（ng/g）	ERL	ERM
Nap	0.32～5.97	3.08	160	2 100
Flu	0.54～1.34	0.95	19	540
Phe	ND～3.31	2.06	240	1 500
Ant	ND～1.38	0.90	85.3	1 100
Fla	ND～3.50	2.27	600	5 100
Pyr	ND～3.78	2.17	665	2 600
BaA	ND～0.77	0.50	261	1 600
Chr	ND～2.16	0.80	384	2 800
BbF	ND～5.38	1.73
BkF	ND～2.07	0.81
BaP	0.56～6.57	1.42	430	1 600
DahA	ND～0.66	0.58	63.4	260
BghiP	0.67～4.40	1.83
IcdP	0.62～3.25	1.15
注：ND为未检出。

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广西珍珠湾红树林湿地沉积物烃类物质的分布及来源解析

1. 中国地质调查局烟台海岸带地质调查中心，烟台 264000 2. 中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院，青岛 266100 3. 中国地质大学（武汉）环境学院，武汉 430000

作者简介: 庞国涛（1990—），男，硕士，工程师，主要从事海岸带环境地质调查与评价等方面的研究工作. E-mail：pgt5241@163.com

Distribution and source analysis of hydrocarbons in sediments of Zhenzhu Bay Mangrove Wetland in Guangxi

1. Yantai Geological Survey Center of Coastal Zone, China Geological Survey, Yantai 264000, China 2. College of Marine Earth Sciences, OceanUniversity of China, Qingdao 266100, China 3. School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430000, China

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出版历程

目录

1.
中国地质调查局烟台海岸带地质调查中心，烟台 264000

2.
中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院，青岛 266100

3.
中国地质大学（武汉）环境学院，武汉 430000

1.
Yantai Geological Survey Center of Coastal Zone, China Geological Survey, Yantai 264000, China

2.
College of Marine Earth Sciences, OceanUniversity of China, Qingdao 266100, China

3.
School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430000, China