Sedimentation and controlling factor of gravity flow channels in the Huangliu Formation in the western of the Qiongdongnan Basin
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摘要:
近年来，琼东南盆地西区中新统岩性圈闭是南海天然气勘探的热点，发现多个中—大型气田，已发现的气田为海底扇、重力流水道储集体。为了发现更多油气，提高重力流水道的勘探成功率，应加强重力流水道识别及控制因素分析。利用三维地震资料、已钻井岩芯、壁芯、测录井、地层微电阻率扫描成像（FMI）测井及分析化验等资料，对琼东南盆地西区黄流组重力流水道的地震相、岩-电相、沉积构造等沉积特征及其控制因素进行了综合研究。结果表明，琼东南盆地西区黄流组发育早、晚2期水道，主要发育主水道、漫溢-天然堤、滑塌泥、水道间和陆坡泥5种沉积微相。2期水道的形成演化和主物源方向主要受控于海平面变化、古地貌及构造活动。黄流组早期水道主要发育在莺歌海-琼东南盆地结合部，表现为数量多、规模较小、分支性强、辫状化等特征；黄流组晚期水道限制于乐东-陵水凹陷中央峡谷内，表现为单支轴向限制性水道、纵向上多期发育的特征。
Abstract:In recent years, the Miocene lithological traps in the Western of Qiongdongnan Basin have become hotspots for exploration in the South China Sea. Many medium- and large-scale gas fields have been discovered. The discovered gas fields are all closely related to submarine fans and gravity flow channels. To discover more oil and gas reservoirs and to increase the success rate of lithological trap exploration, it is necessary to strengthen the recognition of channels and study the controlling factors. Based on 3D seismic data, drilled cores, wall cores, logging data, Formation Microscanner Image (FMI) logging, and analytical tests, the seismic facies, litho-electric facies, and sedimentation of the channels of the Huangliu Formation in the west area of the Qiongdongnan Basin were analyzed. The structure, sedimentation characteristics, and their controlling factors have been comprehensively studied. The results show that the Huangliu Formation in the west area of the Qiongdongnan Basin developed two phases of watercourses, which mainly developed five types of sedimentary microfacies: main channels, overflow-natural dike, landslide mud, inter-channel and continental slope mud. The formation and evolution of the two-phase channels and the direction of the main provenance are mainly controlled by sea level changes, paleomorphology and tectonic activities. In the early Huangliu Formation, the channels are mainly developed in the Yingqiong junction, which are characterized by a large number, small scale, strong branching, and braided features; the late Huangliu Formation channels are restricted to the central canyon in the Ledong-Lingshui Sag. It is a characteristic of single-branch axial restricted channel and multi-stage development in the longitudinal direction.
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Key words:
- Qiongdongn Basin /
- Huangliu Formation /
- channel /
- sedimentary characteristics /
- lithological trap /
- gravity flow /
- submarine fan
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