Carbonate cement characteristics and porosity evolution model of the Oligocene reservoir in the middle block of X Oilfield in Weixinan Sag
-
摘要:
为了寻找南海北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷开发有利区，指导剩余油挖潜，以X油田中块渐新统涠洲组三段 (E3w3) 碎屑岩储层碳酸盐胶结作用为研究重点，并以凹陷中心和断裂附近为两大主体区域开展研究工作，通过粒度分析、薄片显微镜下鉴定、阴极发光、扫描电镜、岩芯常规物性分析及单井成岩作用数值模拟等技术手段，深入研究了碳酸盐胶结物类型、含量及分布特征，明确了涠洲组碎屑岩储层孔隙演化模式。结果表明，研究区涠洲组储层碳酸盐胶结物以方解石和白云石为主，主要形成于成岩作用早期阶段。受断裂分布和热流体活动影响，在平面和垂向上，碳酸盐胶结物分布特征具有明显规律性。断裂附近区域储层中碳酸盐胶结物更为发育，其损失孔隙占比约22.6%，占总胶结物损失孔隙度的67.0%；洼陷中心区储层中碳酸盐胶结较弱，其损失孔隙占比约7.9%，占总胶结物损失孔隙度的39.9%。因此，洼陷中心弱胶结作用区碎屑岩储层储集物性较好，可作为油气藏开发有利区的首选目标。
Abstract:To search for favorable development areas and guide the exploration of remaining oil of Weixinan Sag in Beibu Gulf Basin, South China Sea, this research focused on the carbonate cementation of the third member of the Oligocene Weizhou Formation in the middle block of X Oilfield (E3w3) between two main areas in the sag center and near fault, respectively. The type, content, and distribution characteristics of carbonate cements of the clastic rock reservoir in the E3w3 were quantitatively analyzed by means of laser particle size analysis, slice microscopic identification, cathode luminescence, scanning electron microscopy, conventional physical property analysis of core, numerical simulation of diagenesis of single well, and the porosity evolution modeling. The results show that, the carbonate cements of the reservoir are mainly of calcite and dolomite, which is mainly formed in the early stage of diagenesis. Under the influence of fracture distribution and thermal fluid activity, the distribution of carbonate cements in horizontal and vertical directions showed obvious regularity. The carbonate cement near fault was more developed, the porosity loss was 22.6%, which accounted for 67.0% of the total porosity loss caused by cementation, while those in the sag center were weaker, being 7.9% and 39.9%, respectively. The clastic rock reservoir of weak cementation area in the sag center showed better physical properties, and thus can be used as a target of favorable area for oil and gas reservoir development.
-
Key words:
- carbonate cements /
- porosity evolution model /
- reservoir quality /
- Weixinan Sag /
- Beibu Gulf Basin /
- South China Sea
-
-
表 1 X油田中块涠三段储层物性及颗粒粒度和分选系数统计表
Table 1. Statistics of the physical properties, grain size, and sorting coefficient of the E3w3 reservoir in the middle block of X Oilfield
井区 粒度中值/Φ 分选系数So 孔隙度/% 渗透率/10−3 µm2 3井区 
4井区 
注：图中数据为 
。
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 X油田中块涠三段储层碳酸盐胶结物薄片数据统计
Table 2. Statistics of carbonate cements identified in thin sections of the E3w3 reservoir in the middle block of X Oilfield
区块 井号 砂体 深度/m 样品数 胶结物
含量/%碳酸盐胶结物/% 泥质/% 岩屑/% 方解石/% 铁方
解石/%白云石/% 铁白
云石/%石英
加大/%4 4 A 2 475～2 510 6 17.3 17.0 18.6 4.0 13.3 0.2 0.9 0 0.01 F 2 510～2 551.7 10 12.4 11.4 1.4 13.75 5.1 0.1 5.5 0.003 0.6 I 2 653.1～2 674.9 4 7.8 5.7 8.0 8.13 4.0 1.5 0.1 0.003 0.9 J 2 674.9～2 699.4 7 6.9 5.6 0.72 10.1 4.8 0.01 0.1 0.003 0.6 K 2 699.4～2 718.0 9 5.8 4.6 2.56 10.3 3.2 0.72 0.67 0.001 0.7 3 3 D1 2 434.4～2 444.3 19 3.2 1.5 3.1 12.87 0.34 0.13 0.84 0.18 1.2 D2 2 444.3～2 462.0 33 5.5 4.4 8.3 8.0 2.15 0.23 3.5 0.5 0.8 E 2 462.0～2 484.2 22 7.34 6.0 6.8 12.0 2.16 0.2 7.34 6.0 0.13 F 2 484.2～2 515.6 25 3.36 1.4 5.9 10.2 1.33 0.1 0.04 0 0 G 2 515.6～2 560.5 18 2.5 0.75 4.6 13.75 0 0 0.75 0.71 0
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 X油田中块涠三段储层压实、胶结作用对孔隙度的影响
Table 3. Effects of compaction and cementation on porosity of the E3w3 reservoir in the middle block of X Oilfield
区块 井号 砂体 深度/m 样品数 原始孔隙度/% 粒间体积/% 胶结物含量/% 碳酸盐胶结物/% 石英加大/% 损失孔隙度占比/% 损失孔隙度相对总胶结损失孔隙度
占比/%压实
作用胶结
作用碳酸盐
胶结石英
胶结碳酸盐
胶结石英
胶结4 4 A 2 475～2 510 6 29.8 22.0 17.3 17.0 0.01 26.2 58.1 57.0 0.03 98.3 0.1 F 2 510～2 551.7 9 34.4 29.4 12.4 11.4 0.6 14.5 36.0 33.1 1.7 91.9 4.8 I 2 653.1～2 674.9 4 31.6 18.5 7.8 5.7 0.9 41.5 24.7 18.0 2.8 73.1 11.5 J 2 674.9～2 699.4 7 33.7 19.5 6.9 5.6 0.6 42.1 20.5 16.6 1.8 81.2 8.7 K 2 699.4～2 718.0 9 32.7 18.6 5.8 4.6 0.7 43.1 17.7 14.1 2.1 79.3 12.1 3 3 D1 2 434.4～2 444.25 19 36.7 21.5 3.2 1.5 1.2 41.4 8.7 4.1 3.3 46.9 37.5 D2 2 444.25～2 462 33 36.3 25.8 5.5 4.4 0.8 28.9 15.2 12.1 2.2 80.0 14.5 E 2 462.0～2 484.2 22 34.8 27.8 7.34 6.0 1.0 20.1 21.1 17.2 2.9 81.7 13.6 F 2 484.2～2 515.6 25 33.4 24.3 3.36 1.4 1.2 27.2 10.1 4.2 3.6 41.7 35.7 G 2 515.6～2 560.5 18 36.2 23.6 2.5 0.75 1.0 34.8 6.9 2.1 2.8 30.0 40.0
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 范蕊,李水福,何生,等. 涠西南凹陷烃源岩地球化学特征及油源对比[J]. 石油实验地质,2014,36(2):238-244.
[2] 李友川,兰蕾,王柯,等. 北部湾盆地流沙港组湖相烃源岩的差异[J]. 石油学报,2019,40(12):1452-1459.
[3] 叶加仁,赵牛斌,杨宝林,等. 涠西南凹陷流沙港组烃源岩生产力及发育模式[J]. 地质科技通报,2020,39(1):105-113.
[4] 许月明,袁丙龙,张辉,等. 部湾盆地涠洲12-X油田涠洲组三段储层物性特征与影响因素[J]. 东北石油大学学报,2020,44(3):46-56.
[5] 孟元林,胡越,李新宁,等. 致密火山岩物性影响因素分析与储层质量预测:以马朗-条湖凹陷条湖组为例[J]. 石油与天然气地质,2014,35(2):244-252.
[6] 孟元林,张磊,曲国辉,等. 异常低压背景下储集层成岩特征:以渤海湾盆地辽河坳陷西部凹陷南段古近系为例[J]. 石油勘探与开发,2016,43(4):669-674.
[7] 孟元林,张磊,陶士振,等. 碎屑岩成岩阶段细分与应用:以松辽盆地齐家—古龙地区为例[J]. 中国矿业大学学报,2020,49(5):920-930.
[8] 汪新光, 郇金来, 彭小东, 等.基于数字岩心的致密砂岩储层孔隙结构与渗流机理[J].油气地质与采收率, 2022, 29(6): 22-30.
[9] 郇金来, 杨丽, 代百祥, 等.乌石凹陷X油田流沙港组三段储层敏感性分析[J].石油地质与工程, 2020, 34(5): 49-53.
[10] 陈国松, 孟元林, 郇金来, 等.含油气盆地碎屑岩储层异常高孔、渗带成因机制研究进展[J].地球科学进展, 2021, 36(9): 922-936.
[11] 郇金来, 漆智, 杨朝强, 等.莺歌海盆地东方区黄流组一段储层成岩作用机理及孔隙演化[J].地质科技情报, 2016, 35(1): 87-93.
[12] 徐燕红,杨香华,梅廉夫. 涠西南凹陷西北陡坡带流三段砂砾岩储层特征与主控因素[J]. 地球科学,2020,45(5):1706-1721.
[13] 郭飞飞,郭小文,孙建峰,等. 北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷C洼烃源岩热史及成熟史模拟[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质,2010,30(2):87-93.
[14] 邹明生,曾小明,吴碧波,等. 北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷涠洲组二段油气成藏特征分析[J]. 石油实验地质,2018,40(3):330-336. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201803330
[15] 郇金来, 黄思静, 黄可可, 等.川西须二段碎屑岩钾长石钠长石化的热力学解释[J].断块油气田, 2011, 18(3): 289-292.
[16] 郇金来.川西凹陷孝—新—合地区须家河组砂岩储层中自生伊利石的形成机制[D].成都: 成都理工大学, 2011.
[17] 赵小庆,鲍志东,孟元林,等. 松辽盆地北部下白垩统泉头组三、四段碳酸盐胶结物分布及其主控因素[J]. 古地理学报,2013,15(1):125-134. doi: 10.7605/gdlxb.2013.01.012
[18] 王代富,罗静兰,陈淑慧,等. 珠江口盆地白云凹陷深层砂岩储层中碳酸盐胶结作用及成因探讨[J]. 地质学报,2017,91(9):2079-2090.
[19] 陈秀艳, 王剑, 张立平, 等.塔里木盆地哈拉哈塘地区石炭系东河砂岩段碳酸盐胶结物沉积特征及其成因[J]. 吉林大学学报（地球科学版）, 2020, 50（2）: 509-517.
[20] BEARD D C,WEYL P K. Influence of texture on porosity and permeability of unconsolidated sand[J]. AAPG Bulletin,1973,57:349-369.
[21] AJIDUKIEWICZ J M,LANDER R H. Sandstone reservoir quality prediction:the state of the art[J]. AAPG Bulletin,2010,94(8):1083-1091. doi: 10.1306/intro060110
[22] LAI J,WANG G W,CHAI Y,et al. Deep burial diagenesis and reservoir quality evolution of high-temperature,high-pressure sandstones:examples from Lower Cretaceous Bashijiqike Formation in Keshen area,Kuqa Depression,Tarim Basin of China[J]. AAPG Bulletin,2017,101(6):829-862. doi: 10.1306/08231614008
[23] BJORLYKKE K. Relationships between depositional environments,burial history and rock properties:some principal aspects of diagenetic process in sedimentary basins[J]. Sedimentary Geology,2014,301:1-14. doi: 10.1016/j.sedgeo.2013.12.002
[24] CHEN H H, LI C Q, PING H W. Reservoir diagenesis and quality prediction[M]. 武汉: 中国地质大学出版社, 2012: 266-272.
[25] 孟元林,贺如,肖丽华,等. 成岩史模拟与成岩阶段预测:以黄骅坳陷碳酸盐为例[J]. 天然气工业,2006,26(7):5-7. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-0976.2006.07.002
[26] 孟元林,肖丽华,杨俊生,等. 成岩演化数值模拟及其应用[J]. 地学前缘,2000,7(4):430.
[27] 应凤祥, 罗平, 何东博. 中国含油气盆地碎屑岩储集层成岩作用与成岩数值模拟[M]. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 2004: 239-265.
[28] 孟元林,肖丽华,杨俊生,等. 成岩作用过程综合模拟及其应用[J]. 石油实验地质,2003,25(2):211-215. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-6112.2003.02.020
-
图(10)
表(3)
计量
- 文章访问数: 211
- PDF下载数: 2
- 施引文献: 0