Reservoir heterogeneity and its influence on water injection development of Oil Formation I in the Upper Member of Guantao Formation of Penglai A Oilfield
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摘要:
蓬莱A油田目前面临产量递减速度快、层间干扰突出、主力层水淹严重等一系列生产问题，为改善蓬莱A油田馆陶组上段（馆上段）Ⅰ油组的开发效果，明确剩余油的分布特征，开展了蓬莱A油田馆上段Ⅰ油组储层非均质性及其对注水开发的影响研究。结果表明：渗透率非均质性以及分层系数综合反映了Ⅰ油组强层间非均质性，强烈的层间差异导致I油组主力层形成高渗通道，导致综合含水快速上升，非主力层动用程度差；平面非均质性研究发现，平面高渗透率区与渗透率突进系数、渗透率级差高值区以及剩余油饱和度低值区有明显的对应关系，舌进现象严重，方向性强，平面矛盾明显；层内韵律性表明，馆上段Ⅰ油组以正韵律为主，其次是均质韵律，反韵律发育较少，正韵律易形成底部水淹，均质韵律的驱油效果较好。储层非均质性是影响油田开发效果最关键的地质因素，该研究成果为油田分层系开发和井网调整提供了直接的地质依据。
Abstract:Penglai A Oilfield is currently facing a series of production problems, such as rapid production decline, prominent interlayer interference, and serious water flooding of the main formation. To improve the development effect of oil formation I in the Upper Member of Guantao Formation of Penglai A Oilfield and clarify the distribution characteristics of remaining oil, research on the reservoir heterogeneity of the oil formation I and its impact on water injection development was carried out. Results show that the permeability heterogeneity and stratification coefficient reflect comprehensively the strong interlayer heterogeneity of the oil formation I. The strong interlayer difference resulted in the formation of high-permeability channel in the main layer of the oil formation I, resulting in the rapid rise of overall water cut and poor production of non-main layers. The study of the plane heterogeneity revealed an obvious corresponding relationship of the plane high-permeability area to the permeability breakthrough coefficient, the high-value area of permeability range, and the low value area of residual oil saturation. The tongue-shaped penetration phenomenon is obvious. The directionality is strong and the plane contradiction is clear. The intra-layer rhythm shows that the first oil formation in the Upper Member of Guantao Formation is dominated by positive rhythm, followed by homogeneous rhythm, and the anti-rhythm is less developed. Positive rhythm is easy to form bottom water flooding, and homogeneous rhythm has better oil displacement effect. Reservoir heterogeneity is the most critical geological factor affecting oilfield development. This study provided a geological basis for oilfield layered system development and well pattern adjustment.
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表 1 Ⅰ油组层间非均质性
Table 1. Interlayer heterogeneity of the Oil Formation I
油组 井名 小层 渗透率平均值/10−3 μm2 变异系数（Vk） 突进系数（Tk） 级差（Jk） 分层系数 非均质程度 Ⅰ W10 L50 1 729 1.16 3.06 8.04 5 强 L54 215 L58 483 W11 L50 2 394 1.13 2.99 7.32 6 强 L54 327 L58 654 W12 L50 2 084 1.18 3.09 8.51 4 强 L54 245 L58 598 
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