A uniaxial compression damage model for rockmass considering the crack deformation parameter
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摘要:
为了更准确地预测裂隙对岩体压缩力学特性（如强度和刚度）的影响，需要建立更为合理的裂隙岩体压缩损伤模型。为此，基于相关试验数据和裂隙岩体单轴压缩力学行为，采用损伤及断裂理论对目前断续裂隙岩体压缩损伤模型中存在的不足进行了深入分析，并对其进行了3方面的改进，即：不再将裂隙变形参数视为定值、考虑了裂隙面上法向正应力产生的负第一应力强度因子（KI）、考虑了裂隙面上有效剪应力产生的KI，由此最终提出了考虑裂隙变形参数的岩体单轴压缩损伤本构模型。最后采用试验数据对该模型的合理性进行了验证，发现与现有模型相比，该模型明显提高了岩体单轴压缩弹性模量和损伤值的预测精度，尤其是当裂隙倾角为0°时，该模型计算得到的弹性模量为4.306 MPa，与实测弹性模量4.310 MPa几乎相同。因此，该模型能够很好地刻画岩体单轴压缩力学行为，这也说明考虑裂隙变形参数对岩体单轴压缩力学特性的影响是十分必要的。该研究可为准确预测裂隙岩体的单轴压缩力学行为提供参考。
Abstract:In order to accurately predict the effect of crack on the rockmass compression mechanical property such as strength and stiffness, a more reasonable compression damage model for the cracked rockmass is needed to be established. On basis of the relevant experimental data and mechanical behavior of the cracked rockmass under uniaxial compression, some deficiencies in the existing compression damage models for the rockmass with intermittent cracks are analyzed in detail. Three improvements are made to improve the existing methods, e.g., the crack deformation parameter is not taken as a constant, the negative first stress intensity factor KI produced by the normal stress on the crack face is considered, and KI produced by the effective shear stress on the crack face is considered. A revised uniaxial compression damage model for rockmass considering the crack deformation parameter is proposed and the validity of the proposed model is verified with the experimental data. The results show that the prediction of the rockmass elastic modulus and damage under uniaxial compression with the proposed model are more accurate than those obtained with the existing models. Especially, when the crack dip angel is 0°, the rockmass elastic modulus obtained with the proposed model is 4.306 MPa, which is nearly equal to its tested value 4.310 MPa. The proposed model can perfectly describe the rockmass mechanical behavior under uniaxial compression, which also indicates that it is very necessary to consider the effect of the crack deformation parameter on the rockmass uniaxial compression mechanical property. This study can provide references for accurately predicting the rockmass mechanical behavior under uniaxial compression.
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表 1 不同倾角时的试件裂隙变形参数kn、ks
Table 1. Crack deformation parameters kn and ks for the samples with different crack dip angles
α/（°） 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 kn/（GPa∙m−1） 1.95 1.85 1.55 1.3 1.0 0.1 / ks/（GPa∙m−1） / 1.5 1.6 2.0 1.55 0.001 / 注：“/”表示可取任意值。 
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