基于离散元的采空诱发山体滑塌失稳模式研究

马杰; 何开明; 常文斌; 邢爱国

doi:10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202210057

基于离散元的采空诱发山体滑塌失稳模式研究

1.
四川省建筑科学研究院有限公司，四川成都　610081

2.
海洋工程国家重点实验室（上海交通大学），上海　200240

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划课题（2018YFC1504804）

详细信息

作者简介: 马杰（1988—），男，高级工程师，主要从事地下空间开发研究工作。E-mail：wanfeng1004@126.com

通讯作者: 常文斌（1995—），男，博士研究生，主要从事滑坡灾害研究工作。E-mail：changwenbin@sjtu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TU443

收稿日期: 2022-10-25

修回日期: 2023-04-03

录用日期: 2023-04-06

刊出日期: 2024-05-15

Study on the failure pattern of mining-induced landslides based on discrete elements

1.
Sichuan Institute of Building Reserach, Chengdu, Sichuan　610081, China

2.
State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering（Shanghai Jiao Tong University）, Shanghai　200240, China

More Information

Corresponding author: CHANG Wenbin, changwenbin@sjtu.edu.cn

Received Date: 25 October 2022

Revised Date: 03 April 2023

Accepted Date: 06 April 2023

Publish Date: 15 May 2024

摘要

摘要:
采空诱发的山体崩滑是煤矿山区常见的一类灾害形式，为明确采动作用下采空山体的变形失稳模式，对典型采空控制型滑坡进行现场调查，采用颗粒离散元方法模拟单层采空与三层采空两种工况下反倾煤层斜坡的失稳破坏过程，并对斜坡变形过程中裂纹扩展及岩体破碎特征进行分析。结果表明：（1）单层开挖工况中，煤层开挖后顶板区域会产生拱圈型的变形带并随之演化为冒落岩体，多层开挖的采空区间隔岩体则会发生弯曲状沉陷垮落，形成大面积的岩体破碎；（2）不同开挖工况下，冒落带形成及应力重分布初期，斜坡内部裂纹演化及岩体破碎皆较为缓慢，顶板冒落及岩层弯曲断裂阶段为岩体断裂破碎的关键阶段；（3）反倾煤层采空控制型山体失稳模式主要为煤层采空-顶板拱圈状冒落-内部岩层弯曲沉陷-后缘拉裂破碎-坡脚锁固区失效-破碎岩体浅层滑动。研究结果为采空控制型斜坡失稳机理分析提供了新的方向，为矿区滑坡灾害的防治提供了科学依据。
- 采矿诱发 /
- 山体崩滑 /
- 岩体破碎 /
- 失稳模式 /
- 离散元
Abstract:
Mining-induced landslides are a common form of disaster in the mountainous areas of coal mines. To clarify the deformation and failure patterns of such slopes under the mining action, the particle discrete element method was employed to simulate the destabilization damage process of the anticline coal seam slope under two conditions, single-seam mining and three-seam mining, and analyze the characteristics of crack expansion and rock fragmentation during slope deformation, based on the field investigation of typical mining-controlled landslides. The results show that: 1) In a single-seam condition, an arch-ring type deformation zone is created in the roof area after the coal seam is excavated and evolves into a fallen rock body; while the rock body at the interval of multi-layer excavation will be bent sink collapse, forming a large area of rock fragmentation. 2) Under different excavation conditions, the internal crack evolution and rock fragmentation of the slope are slow at the beginning of the formation of the fall zone and stress redistribution. The stage of roof emergence and rock bending fracture is the main stage of rock fracture and fragmentation. 3) The anti-inclined coal seam mining-controlled mountain failure pattern is mainly manifested as follows: Coal seam mining →Arch-loop-like fall of the roof →Bending and sinking of the internal rock →Pulling and breaking of the trailing edge →Failure of the locking zone at the foot of the slope → Shallow sliding of the fragmented rock. This study provides a new direction for the analysis of the destabilization mechanism of mining-controlled slopes and scientific guidance for the prevention and control of landslide hazards in mining areas.
- mining-induced /
- collapse and landslide /
- rock fragmentation /
- failure pattern /
- discrete element method

HTML全文

图 1 马达岭滑坡滑源区

Figure 1.

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图 2 煤层开挖斜坡模型

Figure 2.

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图 3 单层开挖斜坡失稳过程

Figure 3.

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图 4 多层开挖斜坡失稳过程

Figure 4.

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图 5 岩体内部裂纹及破碎体数目

Figure 5.

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图 6 采空诱发型斜坡失稳模式

Figure 6.

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表 1 岩体强度特性

Table 1. Rock strength properties

试样	弹性模量/MPa	泊松比	黏聚力/MPa	内摩擦角/（°）
砂岩	15000	0.19	2	42
煤	500	0.32	0.43	36

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 PFC模型参数

Table 2. Parameters of PFC model

参数名称	砂岩	煤
颗粒密度/（kg·m⁻³）	2400	2000
颗粒粒径/m	0.15～0.45	0.15～0.45
摩擦系数	0.37	0.33
颗粒法向刚度/（N·m⁻¹）	1.6e7	1.2e7
颗粒切向刚度/（N·m⁻¹）	1.6e7	1.2e7
胶结法向刚度/（N·m⁻³）	5.0e5	4.0e7
胶结切向刚度/（N·m⁻³）	4.8e5	4.0e7

下载: 导出CSV

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