考虑颗粒破碎的砂土中鱼雷锚贯入离散元分析

刘鑫; 董广阳; 史旦达

doi:10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202212030

考虑颗粒破碎的砂土中鱼雷锚贯入离散元分析

上海海事大学海洋科学与工程学院，上海　201306

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目( 41772273)

详细信息

作者简介: 刘鑫（1997—），女，硕士研究生，主要从事海洋岩土工程方面研究。E-mail：3102282171@qq.com

通讯作者: 史旦达（1979—），男，博士，教授，主要从事宏细观岩土力学、海洋岩土工程等方面研究。E-mail：ddshi@shmtu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TU47;U653.2

收稿日期: 2022-12-04

修回日期: 2023-02-25

刊出日期: 2024-01-15

Discrete element analysis of torpedo anchor penetration into calcareous sands considering particle breakage

College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai　201306, China

More Information

Corresponding author: SHI Danda, ddshi@shmtu.edu.cn

Received Date: 04 December 2022

Revised Date: 25 February 2023

Publish Date: 15 January 2024

摘要

摘要:
鱼雷锚作为一种新型深海锚固装置，在海洋油气开发等工程中应用广泛，但目前关于钙质砂海床中鱼雷锚贯入特性的研究较为匮乏。基于离散元方法，对钙质砂地基中的鱼雷锚贯入过程进行了数值分析，通过与已有室内试验结果的对比验证了数值模型的可靠性，数值模拟重点分析了鱼雷锚贯入过程中锚周土体颗粒破碎的演化规律及其对锚体贯入特性的宏细观影响。结果表明：在鱼雷锚贯入过程中，锚尖及锚端周围土体破碎严重，锚侧颗粒破碎相对较弱，颗粒破碎数量随着贯入深度的增加而增加；颗粒速度场分布基于锚体中心轴基本对称，随着贯入深度的增加，颗粒速度场分布范围扩大，颗粒运动速度峰值在贯入过程中先增加后下降；随着贯入深度增加，应力峰值先增加后逐渐减少，在翼板开始接触土体后，应力峰值达到最大值。研究结果可为岛礁工程动力锚贯入设计提供参考。
- 钙质砂 /
- 颗粒破碎 /
- 鱼雷锚 /
- 贯入特性 /
- 离散元分析
Abstract:
As a new type of deep-sea anchorage device, the torpedo anchor is widely used in deep-sea oil and gas exploitation projects, but few attentions have been paid to the torpedo anchor penetrating into coral deposits. Based on the discrete element method, the penetration process of torpedo anchor into calcareous sands is numerically analyzed. The reliability of the numerical model is verified by comparing with the existing indoor test results. The numerical simulation focuses on the evolution of particle breakage of soils around the anchor during the penetration process, and its macro and micro effects on the anchor penetration characteristics are also discussed. The results show that in the process of torpedo anchor penetration, the soil around the anchor tip is seriously broken, while the particle breakage at the anchor side is relatively weak. The particle breakage quantity increases with the increase of penetration depth, and the distribution of particle velocity field is basically symmetrical along the central axis of the anchor body. With the increase of penetration depth, the distribution range of particle velocity field expands, and the peak particle velocity first increases and then decreases during the penetration process. The peak value in the stress concentration area first increases and then decreases, when the penetration depth increases. After the flange starts to contact the soil, the stress within the soil reaches the maximum. The research results can provide references for the design of dynamic anchor penetration in island and reef engineering.
- calcareous sand /
- particle breakage /
- torpedo anchor /
- penetration characteristics /
- DEM analysis

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图 1 破裂模式示意图

Figure 1.

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图 2 模型示意图

Figure 2.

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图 3 三轴数值试样

Figure 3.

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图 4 数值三轴模拟与钙质砂室内三轴试验结果对比

Figure 4.

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图 5 相对破碎率的定义

Figure 5.

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图 6 DEM模拟与已有离心试验结果对比

Figure 6.

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图 7 锚尖应力随贯入深度的变化规律

Figure 7.

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图 8 贯入总阻力随贯入深度的变化规律

Figure 8.

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图 9 锚体贯入速度随贯入深度的变化规律

Figure 9.

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图 10 不同贯入深度时破碎颗粒分布图

Figure 10.

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图 11 不同深度下速度场分布图

Figure 11.

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图 12 不同深度下位移场分布图

Figure 12.

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图 13 不同深度下径向应力分布图

Figure 13.

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图 14 不同深度下竖向应力分布图

Figure 14.

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图 15 径向应力与深度关系曲线

Figure 15.

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图 16 竖向应力与深度关系曲线

Figure 16.

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表 1 模型细观参数

Table 1. Micromechanical parameters of the model

细观参数	数值
颗粒间接触刚度/（N·m⁻¹）	2×10⁶
颗粒与墙体间接触刚度/（N·m⁻¹）	4×10⁶
颗粒与锚之间的摩擦系数	0.5
颗粒之间的摩擦系数	0.5
颗粒特征粒径/mm	4
颗粒特征抗拉强度/MPa	5.67
韦伯模量	2.56

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表 2 鱼雷锚模型参数

Table 2. Dimensions of torpedo anchor

相关参数	原始模型	缩尺模型
l/m	15	0.200 0
l₁/m	0.600 0	0.008 0
l_2/m	4.800 0	0.064 0
l₃/m	2.000 0	0.027 0
l₄/m	2.280 0	0.030 4
w₁/m	1.800 0	0.024 0
w₂/m	0.082 5	0.001 1
d_t/m	1.200 0	0.016 0
落距/m	34.5	0.460 0
贯入初速度/（m·s⁻¹）	26	3.000 0
锚重/kN	1.22×10³	2.880 0

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表 3 不同贯入深度时颗粒数量统计

Table 3. Statistical table of particle quantity at different penetration depth

颗粒破碎等级	颗粒数量
颗粒破碎等级	h=0 mm	h=30 mm	h=102 mm	h=128 mm	h=200 mm
初始颗粒	145 392	145 333	144 994	144 768	144 099
一级破碎	0	104	670	1 048	2 116
二级破碎	0	24	176	282	666
三级破碎	0	8	152	236	548
总计	145 392	145 469	145 992	146 334	147 429

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