Analysis of the start-up mechanism of moraine debris flow based on flume test:A case study of the Aierkuran Gully along the Sino-Pakistan highway
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摘要:
冰碛土启动形成泥石流在中巴公路沿线十分常见。前人对冰碛土特征变化及影响冰川泥石流形成的研究较少。为进一步探索泥石流暴发的原因，此次基于水槽试验，结合研究区的冰碛土物理力学特性进而探究冰碛土体形成泥石流的过程与机制。结果表明：（1）融水流量分别为8 L/min、12 L/min、16 L/min和56 L/min的情况下，冰碛土内部结构发生变化，其被冲刷时的破坏形式和启动过程具有差异性；（2）泥沙含量随融水流量和时间的不同而发生波动变化，泥石流冲刷启动和土体坍塌淤堵反复循环；（3）综合冰碛土特征变化及实验现象，将冰碛土泥石流的启动机理分为渗透饱和、侵蚀坍塌、冲刷启动三个部分；（4）冰碛土泥石流的稳定系数与水流流量呈幂函数关系。
Abstract:Debris flow caused by moraine soil startingis very common along the Sino-Pakistan Highway, but in previous studies, the characteristics of moraine soil and its influence on the formation of glacier debris flow is lacking. In order to further explore the causes of debris flow burst, based on flume test, the process and mechanism of debris flow caused by moraine soil starting in the study area are discussed in connection with the characteristics of moraine soil in the study area. The results show: (1) when the flow rate of molten water is 8 L/min, 12 L/min, 16 L/min and 56 L/min, the internal structure of moraine soil changes, and the failure form and starting process of moraine soil are different. (2) The sediment chargecontent fluctuates with the change of melt water flow and time, and the debris flow scour start and the soil collapse silt in repeated circulation. (3) Based on the characteristics of moraine soil and experimental phenomena, the starting mechanism of glacier debris flow is divided into three parts: osmotic saturation, erosion collapse and scour starting. (4) The stability coefficient of the ice-and-soil debris flow is a power-function relation with the flow of water.
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Key words:
- the Aierkuran Gully /
- moraine soil /
- lacier debris flow /
- fine particle content /
- start-up mechanism
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