Time-Frequency characteristics and seismic response analyses of the 6.0-magnitude earthquake, Changning County of Yibin in Southwest China’s Sichuan Province
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摘要:
川西北地区深切峡谷发育，地震扰动频繁。峡谷内高陡岩质斜坡在强震扰动下，通常会发生震裂松弛，进而导致失稳，因此研究其强震响应意义重大。2019年四川长宁Ms6.0级地震触发了布置在石棉县城南桠河两岸的3台强震监测仪器，通过对捕捉到的强震数据进行连续小波变换之后，获取了其时频信息。分析结果表明：（1）S波在频域上分为两种成分，其主频值分别为3.5 Hz和1.1 Hz附近；（2）山脊处的地震动放大效应主要体现为S波相对高频成分上能量的增加而低频部分则无显著变化；（3）覆盖层场地自振频率与S波低频成分主频相近，二者产生共振，导致S波低频放大与高频衰减效应；（4）地震动响应具有极强的方向性，水平向地震动放大效应比垂直向更为显著。
Abstract:In northwest Sichuan Province, due to the frequent earthquakes, the rocky hill slopes in the valley area usually get loosen and lead to the failure. For geohazard prevention and mitigation, it is important to determine the site amplification effects and seismic responses of hillslopes. For example, the 2019 Changning Ms6.0 earthquake that occurred in Changing County of Yibin, Sichuan Province, China, was well recorded in three earthquake monitoring stations located on both bank sides of Nanya River in Shimian County, Sichuan Province, China. In this study, detailed analyses of the recorded seismic data had been conducted with the method of Continuous Wavelet Transform and confirmed the following observations: (1) For S-wave, two sorts of components in the frequency domain were found, whose main frequency values were around 3.5 Hz and 1.1 Hz respectively. (2) The seismic amplification effect at the ridge was mainly reflected by the energy increase in the high frequency component of the S-wave, no clear changes in the low frequency component of the S-wave was found. (3) In soil site, the natural frequency of vibration was close to the main frequency of the low frequency component of the S-wave, resonance between the two components was generated, resulting in low-frequency amplification and high-frequency attenuation effect. (4) The seismic response to mountain hill slopes had a strong directivity, and the amplification effect in the horizontal directions was much stronger than that of the vertical directions.
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表 1 各监测点所在位置场地属性
Table 1. Properties of monitoring sites
监测点编号 绝对高程/m 震中距/km 监测点所在部位 场地类型 1# 1150 265 山体平坡处 基岩（花岗岩） 2# 1060 265 山脊处 基岩（花岗岩） 3# 1102 267 山脊处 厚覆盖层 参照点（石棉先锋） × × × 薄覆盖层 
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表 2 各监测点地震动响应参数
Table 2. Ground motion response parameters at each monitoring site
监测点编号 峰值加速度/gal 阿里亚斯强度/(cm·s−1) EW SN UD EW SN UD 1# 1.22 2.94 2.23 0.36 1.22 0.89 2# 2.13 3.64 2.35 0.55 1.80 0.81 3# 7.42 10.18 2.94 15.09 13.26 2.75 *参照点 1.74 3.36 1.88 0.88 2.70 0.87 注：1 gal=1 cm/s2
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表 4 监测点波峰成分统计表
Table 4. Statistical table of signal peak at each site
方向 S波高频波峰 S波低频波峰 1# 2# 3# 参照点 1# 2# 3# 参照点 东西 27.23 s 37.67 s × 32.02 s 27.00 s 37.76 s 36.03 s 31.70 s 2.8 Hz 3.9 Hz × 3.2 Hz 1.4 Hz 1.4 Hz 1.3 Hz 1.1 Hz 0.045 0.078 × 0.076 0.063 0.072 0.630 0.068 南北 26.50 s 36.52 s × 32.00 s 27.09 s 36.41 s 35.09 s 32.27 s 2.8 Hz 3.5 Hz × 2.5 Hz 1.1 Hz 1.1 Hz 1.1 Hz 1.1 Hz 0.120 0.183 × 0.188 0.110 0.115 0.656 0.138 垂直 26.77 s 37.73 s 34.85 s 32.88 s 27.19 s 38.13 s 35.28 s 32.36 s 3.5 Hz 3.5 Hz 2.8 Hz 3.2 Hz 1.1 Hz 1.1 Hz 1.1 Hz 1.1 Hz 0.086 0.107 0.150 0.076 0.090 0.068 0.089 0.068
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表 5 3#监测点场地3分量反应图谱
Table 5. Three-component response spectrum of monitoring site No.3
东西向 南北向 垂直向 
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表 6 3#监测点三分量特征周期/频率表
Table 6. Dominant period / frequency of site 3#
东西向 南北向 垂直向 特征周期/s 0.74 0.88 0.36 特征频率/Hz 1.35 1.13 2.77
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表 7 1#与2#监测点三分量特征周期
Table 7. Dominant period of site 1# and 2#
监测点编号 特征周期/s 东西向 南北向 垂直向 1# 0.26 0.26 0.25 2# 0.26 0.26 0.28
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