Influence of trees and shrubs on the stability of landslides induced by typhoon rainstorm
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摘要:
在降雨工况下，乔灌木通过其根系对边坡体的加筋锚固和茎叶减少坡体被雨水冲刷，对边坡稳定性产生了积极作用。然而台风暴雨季节，台风又通过植被的摇曳使地表开裂，强化了降雨入渗效果，进一步使土体的基质吸力、黏聚力下降，使边坡的稳定性降低。为了探索台风暴雨季节乔灌木对边坡起到正向作用还是反向作用，文章通过室内模型试验和数值模拟进行量化分析，比较有无台风作用和不同强度台风作用对边坡稳定性的影响。结果表明：随着台风从无到有、由弱变强的过程中，边坡体内孔隙水压力和含水率发生突变的时间不断提前；同时施加台风暴雨耦合作用的滑坡相对于单纯降雨作用的滑坡，其滑坡破坏的面积与体积更大，且台风等级越强，坡体的破坏的面积体积区域越大。通过Geo-studio数值模拟软件进行验证，比较模拟边坡的稳定性发现：在无台风作用下初始稳定性系数最大且下降速度最慢，台风作用次之，强台风作用下最差。
Abstract:Under the condition of rainfall, trees and shrubs’ leaves can reduce the slope being washed and anchoring the slope by their roots, which had a positive effect on the slope stability. However, in typhoon rainstorm season, typhoon cracks the ground through swaying vegetation, strengthens the effect of rainfall infiltration, and further reduces the matrix suction and cohesion of soil, to reduce the stability of slope. In order to explore whether trees and shrubs have a positive or negative effect on slope during typhoon rainstorm season, this paper conducted quantitative analysis through indoor model experiment and numerical simulation, comparing the influence of no typhoon, typhoon and typhoon with different intensity on slope stability. It was found that the abrupt change time of pore water pressure curve and water content curve was advanced with the typhoon developing from nothing and becoming stronger from weak. At the same time, the effect of landslide with typhoon coupled rainstorm compared the simple rainfall, the area and volume of landslide damage were larger, and the stronger the typhoon grade was, the larger the area and volume of landslide damage were.Compared the stability coefficient of simulated slope by Geo-Studio numerical simulation software verifying, the initial stability coefficient was the largest and the decline speed was the slowest under the effect of no typhoon, the typhoon was bad and under the strong typhoon condition was the worst.
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Key words:
- typhoon rainstorm /
- Anxi County /
- landslide /
- trees /
- landslide identification /
- safety margin
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表 1 岩土力学参数
Table 1. The geotechnical mechanical parameters
岩石性质 重度
/（kN·m−1）抗剪强度 渗透系数
/（cm·s−1）泊松比 杨氏模量
/kPa黏聚力/kPa 内摩擦角/（°） 坡积土 18.5 14.5 27.8 1.5×10−4 0.32 5.1×103 残积土 17.7 17.0 26.2 1.01×10−5 0.41 3.2×103 强风化凝灰岩 21.0 35.0 32.0 7.52×10−5 0.28 4.2×104 中风化凝灰岩 23.0 70.0 35.0 − 0.25 1.5×106 
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表 2 材料参数对比
Table 2. Comparison of material parameters
物理力学参数 原型材料 相似材料 重度/（g·cm−3） 1.77～1.85 1.84 渗透系数/（cm·s−1） 1.01×10−5 ～1.5×10−4 8.5×10−4 黏聚力/kPa 14.5～17.0 4.5 内摩擦角/（°） 26.2～27.8 30.2
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表 3 试验工况参数
Table 3. Parameters of experimental conditions
工况 降雨强度
/（mm·h−1）风速
/（m·s−1）降雨持续时间
/h风力持续时间
/min植被情况 Ⅰ 60 0 3 45 接骨木 Ⅱ 60 5.6～5.8 3 45 接骨木 Ⅲ 60 7.3～7.6 3 45 接骨木
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