Susceptibility analysis on influencing factors of rockfalls and landslides in Tibet
-
摘要:
西藏地区地形地貌复杂，构造活动强烈，气候条件多样，地质灾害频发，对全区经济建设和社会发展的影响日趋显著。其中，崩塌、滑坡是西藏地区常见的地质灾害，为了定量分析研究区内崩塌、滑坡影响因子的敏感性，文中基于GIS与确定性系数分析方法，选取了坡度、坡向、地形起伏度、坡形、高程、距地质构造距离、河网密度、工程地质岩组等8个因子开展了崩塌、滑坡影响因子敏感性分析。分析结果表明：（1）西藏地区崩塌、滑坡影响因子高敏感性区间为：斜坡坡度大于30°，坡向为南东向、南向、南西向，地形起伏度在200～800 m/km2，坡形为凹形坡，高程在1 500～4 500 m，距地质构造距离0～3 km，河网密度>0.5 km/km2，代号为YJ2、TS1、TS2、BZ1的岩组，灾害与影响因子之间表现出较好的相关性。（2）影响因子间的敏感性大小：坡度>工程地质岩组>高程>坡形>河网密度>地形起伏度>坡向>距地质构造距离。研究结果对西藏地区崩塌、滑坡易发性评价工作提供了参考。
Abstract:Geological disasters such as rockfalls and landslides are common in the Tibet region due to its complex topography, strong tectonic movements, and diverse climate conditions. These disasters have an increasingly significant impact on the region's economic construction and social development. In order to assess the susceptibility of rockfalls and landslides in a quantitative manner, this study selected eight factors, including slope, aspect, topographic relief, slope shape, elevation, distance to fault, river density, and engineering geological group, to conduct the sensitivity analysis of the influencing factors by applying GIS and certainty factor analysis methods. The research shows that there is a direct correlation between rockfall, landslide and influencing factors, and the susceptibility of these hazards is high in the areas with: (1) a slope greater than 30°, (2) aspect facing southeast, south, or southwest direction, (3) topographic relief of 200～800 m/km2, (4) concave slope, (5) elevation between 1500 and 4500 m, (6) distance between 0 and 3 km to fault, (7) river density greater than 0.5 km/km2, (8) lithologies identified by the codes of YJ2, TS1, TS2, and BZ1. The susceptibility of the factors is ranked in descending order as slope > engineering geological group > elevation > slope shape > river density > topographic relief > aspect > distance to fault. These results can be used as a reference for assessing the susceptibility of rockfalls and landslides in Tibet.
-
Key words:
- Tibet region /
- rockfall /
- landslide /
- influencing factor /
- susceptibility analysis /
- certainty factor
-
-
表 1 影响因子分级标准及确定性系数值
Table 1. Classification standard for influencing factors and value of certainty factors
影响因子 因子分级 灾害点/处 PiPj/（处·km−2） CFij CFi 坡度/ （°） [0，5] 0 0.000 00 −1.000 0.79 (5，10] 7 0.000 04 −0.990 (10，15] 55 0.000 41 −0.894 (15，20] 115 0.001 00 −0.741 (20，25] 233 0.002 21 −0.425 (25，30] 374 0.003 90 0.015 (30，35] 565 0.007 03 0.456 (35，40] 724 0.012 71 0.701 (40，45] 855 0.026 24 0.857 (45，50 779 0.048 39 0.924 (50，55] 576 0.074 80 0.952 >55 434 0.070 67 0.949 坡向 平地 0 0.000 00 −1.000 0.36 北向 473 0.003 01 −0.217 北东 434 0.002 88 −0.250 东向 564 0.003 75 −0.022 南东 676 0.004 68 0.180 南向 795 0.005 08 0.245 南西 778 0.005 15 0.255 西向 550 0.003 73 −0.030 北西 447 0.003 15 −0.181 地形起伏度/（ m·km−2） [0，100] 65 0.000 18 −0.952 0.49 (100，200] 378 0.001 71 −0.557 (200，300] 871 0.005 04 0.239 (300，400] 1 242 0.007 57 0.495 (400，500] 1 110 0.008 71 0.561 (500，600] 594 0.007 16 0.466 (600，700] 263 0.005 24 0.268 (700，800] 129 0.004 52 0.151 (800，900] 42 0.002 81 −0.270 >900 23 0.001 99 −0.483 坡形
（负值为凹形坡，
0为直线形坡，
正值为凸形坡，
负值越大坡形越凹，
正值越大坡形越凸）−4 41 0.048 35 0.924 0.59 −3 231 0.034 19 0.891 −2 918 0.016 77 0.774 −1 1 147 0.007 03 0.455 0 1 288 0.002 02 −0.475 1 741 0.002 89 −0.248 2 261 0.003 62 −0.058 3 84 0.002 71 −0.295 4 6 0.001 05 −0.728 高程/ m [0，1 000] 31 0.002 28 −0.407 0.68 (1 000，1 500] 34 0.003 30 −0.141 (1 500，2 000 113 0.010 31 0.630 (2 000，2 500] 121 0.011 36 0.664 (2 500，3 000] 297 0.023 65 0.841 (3 000，3 500] 796 0.042 13 0.912 (3 500，4 000] 1 348 0.030 21 0.876 (4 000，4 500] 1 335 0.010 64 0.642 (4 500，5 000] 590 0.001 19 −0.691 >5 000 52 0.000 11 −0.972 距地质构造
距离/ km[0，1] 855 0.006 32 0.394 0.33 (1，2] 748 0.005 97 0.358 (2，3] 583 0.005 24 0.268 (3，4] 417 0.004 26 0.098 (4，5] 351 0.004 04 0.049 (5，6] 314 0.004 06 0.055 (6，7] 217 0.003 16 −0.177 (7，8] 128 0.002 11 −0.451 (8，9] 98 0.001 85 −0.520 (9，10] 95 0.002 04 −0.468 >10 911 0.002 49 −0.352 河网密度/（ km·km−2） [0，0.25] 339 0.000 64 −0.834 0.56 (0.25，0.50] 645 0.002 38 −0.380 (0.50，0.75] 1 574 0.006 97 0.451 (0.75，1.00] 1 381 0.010 35 0.631 (1.00，1.25] 591 0.011 53 0.670 (1.25，1.50] 168 0.012 77 0.702 >1.50 19 0.007 37 0.481 工程地质岩组 坚硬块状中酸性岩岩组（YJ1） 16 0.000 08 −0.979 0.73 坚硬—较坚硬块状基性超基性岩岩组（YJ2） 904 0.057 63 0.937 坚硬—较坚硬层状块状火山岩组（YJ3） 120 0.002 64 −0.314 坚硬层状砂岩岩组（SX1） 51 0.000 31 −0.920 较坚硬—软弱层状砾岩、粉砂岩、泥岩岩组（SX2） 984 0.003 90 0.015 坚硬层状—块状弱岩溶化灰岩岩组（TS1） 1 047 0.016 22 0.766 坚硬—较坚硬层状弱岩溶化灰岩夹碎屑岩岩组（TS2） 898 0.006 85 0.441 坚硬—较坚硬块状混合岩岩组（BZ1） 556 0.012 67 0.700 较坚硬—较软弱层块状片岩、片麻岩岩组（BZ2） 29 0.000 15 −0.960 第四系松散岩组（Q） 112 0.001 09 −0.717 
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 韩培锋,王镁河,姜兆华,等. 西藏吉隆县地质灾害及其影响因素分析[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报,2020,31(2):111 − 118. [HAN Peifeng,WANG Meihe,JIANG Zhaohua,et al. Geological disasters and their influencing factors in Jilong County,Tibet[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2020,31(2):111 − 118. (in Chinese with English abstract)
HAN Peifeng, WANG Meihe, JIANG Zhaohua, et al. Geological disasters and their influencing factors in Jilong County, Tibet [J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control, 2020, 31（2）: 111-118. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[2] 李渝生. 雅砻江(雅江—打罗段)岸坡崩塌、滑坡地质灾害形成条件及典型实例分析[J]. 地质灾害与环境保护,1992,3(2):30 − 39. [LI Yusheng. Formation conditions and typical examples of collapse and landslide along Yalong River (Yajiang and Daluo section)[J]. Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservtion,1992,3(2):30 − 39. (in Chinese)
LI Yusheng. Formation conditions and typical examples of collapse and landslide along Yalong River （Yajiang and Daluo section）[J]. Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservtion, 1992（02）: 30-39+46. （in Chinese）
[3] 惠振德,李晓玲,孙虎. 陕南山区滑坡发育特征与敏感性分析[J]. 陕西师大学报(自然科学版),1996,24(1):96 − 101. [HUI Zhende,LI Xiaoling,SUN Hu. Characteristics and sensitivity of landslide in mountainous areas of southern Shaanxi Province[J]. Journal of Shaanxi Normal University (Natural Science Edition),1996,24(1):96 − 101. (in Chinese with English abstract)
HUI Zhende, LI Xiaoling, SUN Hu. Characteristics and sensitivity of landslide in mountainous areas of Southern Shaanxi province [J]. Journal of Shaanxi Normal University （Natural Science Edition）, 1996, 24（1）: 96-101. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[4] 张辉,谈树成,汪栟旭. 滇东北滑坡孕灾环境因子敏感性分析[J]. 人民长江,2020,51(11):134 − 139. [ZHANG Hui,TAN Shucheng,WANG Bingxu. Sensitivity analysis on environmental factors for landslides in northeastern Yunnan[J]. Yangtze River,2020,51(11):134 − 139. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.16232/j.cnki.1001-4179.2020.11.023
ZHANG Hui, TAN Shucheng, WANG Benxu. Sensitivity analysis on environmental factors for landslides in Northeastern Yunnan [J]. Yangtze River, 2020, 51（11）: 134-139. （in Chinese with English abstract） doi: 10.16232/j.cnki.1001-4179.2020.11.023
[5] 覃乙根,杨根兰,谢金,等. 贵州省开阳县斜坡地质灾害孕灾因子敏感性分析[J]. 煤田地质与勘探,2020,48(4):190 − 198. [QIN Yigen,YANG Genlan,XIE Jin,et al. Sensitivity analysis of disaster-pregnant environmental factors for slope geological hazards in Kaiyang County,Guizhou Province[J]. Coal Geology & Exploration,2020,48(4):190 − 198. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1986.2020.04.026
QIN Yigen, YANG Genlan, XIE Jin, et al. Sensitivity analysis of disaster-pregnant environmental factors for slope geological hazards in Kaiyang County, Guizhou Province[J]. Coal Geology & Exploration, 2020, 48（04）: 190-198. （in Chinese with English abstract） doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1986.2020.04.026
[6] 吴森,李虎杰,陈国辉,等. 基于贡献率权重法的区域滑坡影响因子敏感性分析[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报,2016,27(1):26 − 31. [WU Sen,LI Hujie,CHEN Guohui,et al. Regional landslides influence factors sensitivity analysis based on contributing weight method[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2016,27(1):26 − 31. (in Chinese with English abstract)
WU Sen, LI Hujie, CHEN Guohui, et al. Regional landslides influence factors sensitivity analysis based on contributing weight method [J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control, 2016, 27（01）: 26-31. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[7] 杨先全,周苏华,邢静康,等. 肯尼亚滑坡灾害分布特征及敏感性区划[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报,2019,30(5):65 − 74. [YANG Xianquan,ZHOU Suhua,XING Jingkang,et al. Distribution patterns and susceptibility mapping of landslides in Kenya[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2019,30(5):65 − 74. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.2019.05.09
YANG Xianquan, ZHOU Suhua, XING Jingkang, et al. Distribution patterns and susceptibility mapping of landslides in Kenya [J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control, 2019, 30（05）: 65-74. （in Chinese with English abstract） doi: 10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.2019.05.09
[8] 杨光,徐佩华,曹琛,等. 基于确定性系数组合模型的区域滑坡敏感性评价[J]. 工程地质学报,2019,27(5):1153 − 1163. [YANG Guang,XU Peihua,CAO Chen,et al. Assessment of regional landslide susceptibility based on combined model of certainty factor method[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology,2019,27(5):1153 − 1163. (in Chinese with English abstract)
YANG Guang, XU Peihua, CAO Shen, et al. Assessment of regional landslide susceptibility based on combined model of certainty factor method [J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 2019, 27（05）: 1153-1163. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[9] 张晓东,刘湘南,赵志鹏,等. 信息量模型、确定性系数模型与逻辑回归模型组合评价地质灾害敏感性的对比研究[J]. 现代地质,2018,32(3):602 − 610. [ZHANG Xiaodong,LIU Xiangnan,ZHAO Zhipeng,et al. Comparative study of geological hazards susceptibility assessment:Constraints from the information value + logistic regression model and the CF + logistic regression model[J]. Geoscience,2018,32(3):602 − 610. (in Chinese with English abstract)
ZHANG Xiaodong, LIU Xiangnan, ZHAO Zhipeng, et al. Comparative study of geological hazards susceptibility assessment: constraints from the information value + logistic regression model and the CF + logistic regression model [J]. Geoscience, 2018, 32（03）: 602-610. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[10] 熊德清, 崔笑烽. 喜马拉雅山脉地震带主要地质灾害与地形地貌关系—以西藏日喀则地区为例[J]. 地质通报, 2021, 40（11）: 1967 − 1980
XIONG Deqing, CUI Xiaofeng. The relationship between main geological hazard and topography in the Himalayan seismic belt: A case study in the Xigaze area, Tibet [J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2021, 40（11）: 1967 − 1980. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[11] 孙妍,陈海云,张志,等. G318拉萨-日喀则沿线地质灾害分布规律及其影响因素[J]. 自然灾害学报,2014,23(4):111 − 119. [SUN Yan,CHEN Haiyun,ZHANG Zhi,et al. Distribution regularities of geological hazards along the G318 Lhasa-Shigatse section and their influence factors[J]. Journal of Natural Disasters,2014,23(4):111 − 119. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.13577/j.jnd.2014.0415
SUN Yan, CHEN Haiyun, ZHANG Zhi, et al. Distribution regularities of geological hazards along the G318 Lhasa-Shigatse section and their influence factors[J]. , 2014, 23（04）: 111-119. （in Chinese with English abstract） doi: 10.13577/j.jnd.2014.0415
[12] 杜国梁,杨志华,袁颖,等. 基于逻辑回归–信息量的川藏交通廊道滑坡易发性评价[J]. 水文地质工程地质,2021,48(5):102 − 111. [DU Guoliang,YANG Zhihua,YUAN Ying,et al. Landslide susceptibility mapping in the Sichuan-Tibet traffic corridor using logistic regression- information value method[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology,2021,48(5):102 − 111. (in Chinese with English abstract)
DU Guoliang, YANG Zhihua, YUAN Ying, REN Sanshao, REN Tao. Landslide susceptibility mapping in the Sichuan-Tibet traffic corridor using logistic regression- information value method[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 2021, 48（5）: 102-111. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[13] 姚杰. 西藏地区国道318线泥石流灾害分析与防治措施[D].重庆: 重庆交通大学, 2012
YAO Jie. Debris flow disaster analysis and prevention and control measures of national highway No. 318 in Tibet[D]. Chongqing: Chongqing Jiaotong University, 2012. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[14] 罗开洋, 苏鹏程, 李胜伟, 等. 西藏自治区地质灾害调查评价工作方案[R]. 拉萨: 西藏自治区国土资源厅, 2018
LUO Kaiyang, SU Pengcheng, LI Shengwei, et al. Work plan report of geological hazard investigation and assessment in Tibet Region[R]. Lhasa: Department of Land and Resources of Tibet Autonomous Region, 2018. （in Chinese）
[15] 冯杭建,周爱国,唐小明,等. 基于确定性系数的降雨型滑坡影响因子敏感性分析[J]. 工程地质学报,2017,25(2):436 − 446. [FENG Hangjian,ZHOU Aiguo,TANG Xiaoming,et al. Susceptibility analysis of factors controlling rainfalltriggered landslides using certainty factor method[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology,2017,25(2):436 − 446. (in Chinese with English abstract)
FENG Hangjian, ZHOU Aiguo, TANG Xiaoming, et al. Susceptibility analysis of factors controlling rainfall-triggered landslides using certainty factor method [J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 2017, 25（02）: 436-446. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[16] 杨志华,张永双,郭长宝,等. 青藏高原东缘地质灾害影响因子敏感性分析[J]. 工程地质学报,2018,26(3):673 − 683. [YANG Zhihua,ZHANG Yongshuang,GUO Changbao,et al. Sensitivity analysis on causative factors of geohazards in eastern margin of Tibetan Plateau[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology,2018,26(3):673 − 683. (in Chinese with English abstract)
YANG Zhihua, ZHANG Yongshuang, GUO Changbao, et al. Sensitivity analysis on causative factors of geohazards in eastern margin of Tibetan Plateau [J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 2018, 26（03）: 673-683. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[17] 吴森,李虎杰,张魁,等. 高程因素对平昌县滑坡灾害发育的敏感性分析[J]. 三峡大学学报(自然科学版),2015,37(4):62 − 66. [WU Sen,LI Hujie,ZHANG Kui,et al. Sensitivity analysis of elevation to landslide growth in Pingchang County[J]. Journal of China Three Gorges University(Natural Sciences),2015,37(4):62 − 66. (in Chinese with English abstract)
WU Sen, LI Hujie, ZHANG Kui, et al. Sensitivity analysis of elevation to landslide growth in Pingchang County [J]. Journal of China Three Gorges University（Natural Sciences）, 2015, 37（04）: 62-66. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[18] 周成灿, 吕文明, 赵炜, 等. 西藏自治区县（市）地质灾害调查与区划综合研究报告[R]. 拉萨: 西藏自治区地质环境监测总站, 2010
ZHOU Chengcan, LYU Wenming, ZHAO Wei, et al. Comprehensive research report on geological disaster investigation and zoning in Tibet Autonomous Region with the scale of county [R]. Lhasa: Geological Environmental Monitoring Station of Tibet Autonomous Region, 2010. （in Chinese）
[19] 彭勃,赵拓飞,李宝龙,等. 西藏拉萨地块阿翁错北二长花岗岩成因:锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学及Hf同位素制约[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2022,52(5):1594 − 1609. [PENG Bo, ZHAO Tuofei, LI Baolong, et al. Petrogenesis of the monzonitic granite from the north Awengcuo of Lhasa Terrane, Tibet: Constraints from zircon U-Pb age, geochemistry and Hf isotopic composition[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition),2022,52(5):1594 − 1609. (in Chinese with English abstract)
PENG Bo, ZHAO Tuofei, LI Baolong, et al. Petrogenesis of the monzonitic granite from the north Awengcuo of Lhasa Terrane, Tibet: Constraints from zircon U-Pb age, geochemistry and Hf isotopic composition[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition), 2022, 52 (5):1594-1609.(in Chinese with English abstract)
-
图(3)
表(1)
计量
- 文章访问数: 931
- PDF下载数: 39
- 施引文献: 0