Construction and implementation of an automatic algorithm for generating information of geological disaster floor risk warning products based on GIS and GDAL
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摘要:
我国大陆从2003年开始开展了汛期区域地质灾害气象预警工作，并形成预警产品面向公众的发布，在地质灾害防治中发挥着重要的作用。而地质灾害预警描述信息是地质灾害预警产品的重要组成，包括了预警范围、等级、时段和文字说明等内容，为了快速形成权威、科学、精准的这一信息，文章研究了一种可高效自动分析形成初步的预警产品描述信息的技术算法，并对其进行了验证分析。算法以研究区行政区划图和预警区划图为数据源，以设计的三级预警等级为主键的预警等级集合概念模型为基础，采用GIS技术，通过空间信息叠加与判别、预警等级分布面积占比求算、分布范围描述和单元分布方位求算等为关键方法，将图面内容快速地转换为直观的文本描述，可实现预警产品中描述信息的自动化获取。在验证环节，设计了11个虚拟乡镇为预警范围，预警区划图层以3 km×3 km为预警等级单元，预警单元总数为5194个，文件为Shapefile格式；验证过程基于GDAL库(Geospatial Data Abstraction Library)和C++语言，按照算法设计了软件工具，利用实验数据进行了验证与分析，结果表明，通过该算法形成的预警描述信息和预警区划图层的空间展现结果完全吻合，且计算过程高效快捷，可显著提高了预警精细化程度和工作效率，完全适合在实际工作推广使用。
Abstract:Since 2003, mainland China has carried out regional geological disaster early warning work during the flood season and formed early warning products to be released to the public, which plays an important role in geological disaster prevention and control. The geological disaster warning description information is an important component of the geological disaster warning product, including the warning range, grade, time period, and text description. In order to quickly form authoritative, scientific, and accurate information, this paper studies a technical algorithm that can efficiently and automatically analyze and form preliminary early warning product description information and conducts verification analysis on the algorithm. The algorithm uses the administrative division map and early warning division map of the study area as data sources.Based on the designed three-level warning level as the main key of the set concept model of the warning level, Using GIS technology, through the use of spatial information superposition and discrimination, the calculation of the distribution area ratio of the warning level, the description of the distribution range of the warning level, and the calculation of the unit distribution orientation of the warning level as key methods, the information on the map can be quickly Converted to an intuitive text description, the automatic acquisition of early warning product description information can be realized.In the verification process, 11 virtual townships are designed as the warning range. The warning zoning layer takes 3×3KM as the warning level unit. The total number of warning units is 5194, and the file is in Shapefile format. The verification process is based on the GDAL library (Geospatial Data Abstraction Library)and the C++ language. A software tool is designed for the algorithm, and the experimental data is used for verification and analysis. The results show that the early warning description information formed by the algorithm is completely consistent with the spatial presentation results of the early warning zoning layer, and the calculation process is efficient and fast, which can significantly improve the precision of early warning. It is fully suitable for promotion and use in practical work.
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Key words:
- GIS /
- GDAL /
- geological hazard early warning products /
- automation
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表 1 预警等级占比描述表
Table 1. Description of the proportion of early warning levels
某预警等级在行政单元中的占比 程度描述 R≥0.9 基本全域 0.7≤R<0.9 绝大部分 0.5≤R<0.7 大部分 0.2≤R<0.5 局部 R≤0.2 个别 
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表 2 预警等级防治措施描述表
Table 2. Early warning level control measures description table
预警等级 防治措施 1 请严密防范 2 请加强防范 3 请注意防范 4 请监测分析
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表 3 某地区预警产品描述信息表
Table 3. Table of product description for a specific region
级别 分布地区 方位 占比/% 防治措施 风险大（Ⅱ级） 王家湾镇 西北等个别地区 8.40 加强防范 五里埔乡 东北、东部等个别地区 4.40 秦姜董镇 南部、东南、东北等个别地区 1.70 风险较大（Ⅲ级） 秦姜董镇 基本全域 96.60 注意防范 孙各庄乡 东北、西北、东南等 31.88 王家湾镇 基本全域 91.00 别山镇 东北、西南、西部等局部地区 33.00 白堆子镇 基本全域 96.60 龚家庄镇 西北、东南、东北等局部地区 24.60 雁儿湾镇 绝大部分 74.60 邱家庄乡 西南、东南、西部等局部地区 34.30 西岗镇 大部分地区 58.20 五里埔乡 东南、东部、东北等局部地区 32.00 上营镇 东北、西南、西北等 30.40
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