Analysis of high-position landslide characteristics based on multi-source remote sensing data：A case study of the Yanwo Village landslide in Rongshan Town, Lizhou District, Guangyuan City
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摘要:
2021年10月6日13时许，四川省广元市利州区荣山镇岩窝村三组发生高位滑坡灾害。滑坡造成4处民房、3条电力线路被毁，掩埋170 m长的乡村公路，堵塞河道350 m。利用高位滑坡滑前多期卫星数据、滑坡滑后高精度无人机航空影像以及机载LiDAR数据等多源遥感信息源，采用三维立体+时间的四维分析方法，研究高位滑坡特征及其滑动模式。从高位滑坡发育背景入手，通过高位滑坡滑前变形特征以及高位滑动过程动态分析，总结高位滑坡变形破坏特征及滑动模式。根据滑坡已经发生过程推演及后部残留滑坡体稳定性分析结果，预测分析高位滑坡未来滑动的三种滑动模式：一是滑坡后缘继续错落和活动，挤压前部滑坡体直接剪出；二是滑坡后缘继续错落和活动，沿着已有滑坡通道发生推移式滑坡；三是前部滑坡体启动，引发中后部滑坡体发生牵引式滑坡。高位滑坡在西南山区屡见不鲜，在早期地质灾害隐患调查中应有效识别、加强防灾减灾措施。
Abstract:On October 6, 2021, a high-position landslide disaster occurred in Yanwo Village, Rongshan Town, Lizhou District, Guangyuan City,Sichuan Province, around 13: 00. The landslide resulted in the destruction of 4 houses, 3 power lines, the burial of a 170-meter-long rural road, and the blockage of a 350-meter-long river channel. By utilizing a variety of remote sensing information sources, including multi-period satellite data before and after landslide, high-precision UAV aerial images, and airborne LiDAR data, the characteristics of high landslide and its sliding mode are studied by using a four-dimensional analysis approach combining three-dimensional space with time. Starting from the development background of high landslide, the deformation and failure characteristics and sliding mode of high landslide are summarized by analyzing the deformation characteristics before sliding and the dynamic procession of the high landslide. Based on the deduced landslide progression and the stability evaluation of the residual landslide at the rear, three sliding modes for future high-position landslide events are predicted and analyzed: Firstly, the back edge of landslide continues to be disjointed and move, causing a direct shear failure of the front part of the landslide by squeezing. Secondly, the trailing edge of the landslide continues to be disjointed and move, resulting in the sliding landslide occurs along the existing landslide channel. Thirdly, the initiation of the front part of the landslide trigger a tractional landslide in the middle and rear parts of the landslide. High-position landslides are common in the southwest mountainous areas, and during early geological hazard investigations, they should be effectively identified, and disaster prevention and mitigation measures should be strengthened.
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表 1 岩窝村滑坡多源遥感数据列表
Table 1. List of multi-source remote sensing data for the Yanwo Village landslide
序号 数据日期 数据类型 分辨率/m 数据来源 1 2013-02-12 光学卫星 0.5 Google地球 2 2013-03-05 光学卫星 0.5 Google地球 3 2013-04-01 光学卫星 0.5 Google地球 4 2014-10-05 光学卫星 0.5 Google地球 5 2014-11-30 光学卫星 0.5 Google地球 6 2015-05-29 光学卫星 0.5 Google地球 7 2016-06-07 光学卫星 0.5 Google地球 8 2018-01-17 光学卫星 0.5 Google地球 9 2019-06-03 光学卫星 0.5 Google地球 10 2019-09-22 光学卫星 0.5 Google地球 11 2020-03-17 光学卫星 0.8 高分二号卫星 12 2020-04-30 光学卫星 0.8 高分二号卫星 13 2020-05-05 光学卫星 0.8 高分二号卫星 14 2020-07-13 光学卫星 0.8 高分二号卫星 15 2021-01-21 光学卫星 0.8 高分二号卫星 16 2021-02-05 光学卫星 0.8 高分二号卫星 17 2021-02-20 光学卫星 0.8 高分二号卫星 18 2021-03-01 光学卫星 0.8 高分七号卫星 19 2021-09-19 光学卫星 0.8 高分七号卫星 20 2021-09-20 光学卫星 0.8 高分二号卫星 21 2021-10-17 无人机航空影像 0.2 深圳飞马机器人
科技有限公司22 2021-10-26 激光雷达数据 0.05 深圳飞马机器人
科技有限公司23 2021-10-26 无人机航空影像 0.2 深圳飞马机器人
科技有限公司24 2021-11-28 无人机航空影像 0.2 深圳飞马机器人
科技有限公司
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表 2 岩土体主要物理力学性质指标
Table 2. Key physical and mechanical properties of rock and soil mass
岩土名称 天然重度
/（kN·m−3）饱和重度
/（kN·m−3）天然抗剪强度指标 黏聚力/kPa 内摩擦角/（°） 滑体 17.0 17.6 16.0 15.0 粉质黏土（硬塑） 18.0 18.2 18.0 23.0 基岩 20.0 20.4 30.0 15.0
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