Study of high-quality sandstone in Early Miocene sequence of Beikang-Zengmu Basin, the Southern South China Sea
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摘要:
随着全球油气勘探难度的不断增大，优质砂岩储集层的研究和刻画逐渐成为当今全球油气，尤其是深水油气地质研究中的热点和难点。南海南部北康-曾母盆地内已证实发育大量优质砂岩储层，且其中蕴藏着巨大的油气资源。北康-曾母盆地早中新世时期（约23～16 Ma）属于大陆漂移阶段，盆地整体以大幅度热沉降为主，发育大规模的三角洲-深水扇沉积体系，其内部砂岩具有丰度高、种类多、分布广且多期次发育的特征，但受控于盆地特殊的地质背景，砂岩的物性受沉积环境和构造作用等因素的综合控制。同时，复杂的国际形势导致资料有限且采集难度大，使得盆地相较于南海北部陆缘盆地而言砂体预测难度更大。基于地震波形分析建立的优质砂岩及其组合的地震响应特征，选取骨干地震剖面，识别并厘定了北康-曾母盆地早中新世层序格架内典型砂层组，在平面上圈定与刻画了砂岩的发育分布范围，最终建立了北康-曾母盆地早中新世层序内从三角洲到深水扇的砂质沉积体系发育模式。
Abstract:With the increase in difficulties in global oil-gas exploration, the research and characterization of high-quality sandstone reservoirs have become the hot and difficult point in oil-gas exploration, especially in the area of deep water. So far, a large number of high-quality sandstone reservoirs have been found in the Beikang-Zengmu Basin in the southern South China Sea, and there is huge amount of oil-gas resources occurred. The Beikang-Zengmu Basin was in the stage of continental drifting in Early Miocene (about 23-16 Ma), suffering large scale of thermal subsidence and deposition of large-scale sandstone systems of delta-deep water fan systems. The sandstone deposited in the Beikang-Zengmu Basin is characterized by high abundance, strong variation, wide distribution and multi-stages of deposition, and the physical properties of the sandstone are controlled by sedimentary environment and tectonic factors. So far, limited surveys have been carried out due to complicated international environment that leads to limited data availability. Comparing to the northern continental margin basin of the South China Sea, it is more difficult to make sand bodies prediction. In this paper, based on the seismic response characteristics of the high-quality sandstone established by seismic waveform analysis, we selected some key seismic profiles to delineate the typical sandstone formations in the Early Miocene sequence of the basin, and then, delineating and depicting the spatial distribution of the sandstone. Finally, a depositional model was established for the sandy sedimentary system from deltas to deep-water fans in the Early Miocene sequence of Beikang-Zengmu Basin.
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