The application of formation Q value compensation method based on wavelet frequency division to the exploration of middle-deep hydrocarbon in the East China Sea
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摘要:
东海陆架盆地是中国近海最大的边缘海盆地，其地下地质结构较为复杂，地震剖面的中深层地震资料品质较差，常规的地震波能量补偿技术很难获得有效的地层信息，从而制约了东海陆架盆地中深层构造结构研究及中深层油气勘探。基于此，本文利用基于小波分频的地层Q值补偿技术，该技术针对东海陆架盆地中深层地震资料的频率特点，逐点进行小波分频处理，得到目标频率信息的地震数据，在此数据基础上利用小波域谱比法计算地层Q值，避免了其他频率信息对提取Q值的影响，提高了Q值提取的稳定性，最后进行地层Q值的振幅和相位补偿。模型和实例分析表明，该方法有效地补偿了东海陆架盆地中深层地震资料的振幅和相位，提高了主频，展宽了频带，从而提高了中深层地震资料的质量，有利于后期地震资料的反演。
Abstract:The East China Sea Shelf Basin is the largest marginal basin in China's offshore waters. Its underground geological structure is relatively complex and thus the quality of mid-deep seismic data is poor. Conventional seismic wave energy compensation technology is not efficient enough to obtain effective stratigraphic information and the research of mid-deep structure and the exploration of mid-deep oil and gas are restricted in the East China Sea. In order to solve the problem, this paper introduced the method of formation Q-value compensation method based on wavelet frequency division. This method focuses on the target layer and divides the seismic data into frequency segments so as to avoids the mutual influence of seismic signals from different frequency components, so that the frequency information of the target layer might be better treated. As the result, the stability of formation Q value extraction is improved. Finally, the amplitude and phase compensation of target layer Q value are performed. The model and examples show that this method can effectively compensate the deep seismic data in the East China Sea, improve the main frequency, broaden the frequency band, and thus improve the quality of seismic data, which is favorable for inversion of seismic data.
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