Meso−Cenozoic deformation and dynamic mechanism of the ocean−continent transitional zone in the East China Sea
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摘要:
洋陆过渡带为大陆与大洋相互作用的重要地区，是研究大洋与大陆地球演化过程、动力学机制的关键，西太平洋及邻区是全球范围内开展洋陆过渡带研究的最理想实验室。东海陆架盆地及邻区整体位于华南陆块东部，中、新生代以来遭受了多期复杂的板块碰撞、俯冲、弧后拉张等影响，完整保留了该时期的构造变形，记录了丰富的洋陆过渡带地质信息。基于近10年来获取的陆域实测资料、海区地球物理数据，综合前人中、新生界研究成果，运用海-陆对比等方法，以东海陆架盆地南部及邻域为研究区，梳理了毗邻陆域中、新生界构造变形，识别出4大区域不整合面、划分了4大主要构造层，总结了区内6个构造岩浆期发育及5大区域断裂展布。同时，重新梳理了海域中、新生界地层格架，细化出5类构造样式与12种构造组合，分析了断裂、火成岩，其中断裂主要沿NE−NNE、NW向展布，兼有少量沿EW向发育的小规模断裂，岩浆岩多期次活动，主要为燕山期与喜山期。结合数值模拟，认为慢速拉伸模式较为符合研究区中生代构造环境，板片俯冲造成的局部含水地幔熔融可能为区内岩浆岩的主要成因，详细划分了区内构造演化与盆地类型。
Abstract:Continent-ocean transition zone (COT) is a key to better understanding the geodynamic process and its mechanism between ocean and continent and has long been one of the hot issues in geoscientific research. The Southern East China Sea Shelf Basin (SECSSB), Zhejiang, Fujian and Guangdong regions, located at the eastern South China Block, have suffered from the westward subduction of the Izanagi Plate and the Pacific Plate as well as the far-field effect of the collision of the Indian Plate and the Eurasian Plate since Mesozoic, and complete records on tectonic deformation and COT interaction in this period are preserved. Based on geological and geophysical data acquired over the last 10 years, synthesizing Meso-Cenozoic research results and making land-ocean correlation, this paper studied the Meso-Cenozoic tectonic deformation and dynamic mechanism of the SECSSB and its adjacent areas. Based on the field geological survey, this paper provides a summary of the Meso-Cenozoic tectonic deformation in the land area. 4 major regional unconformities and 4 main structural layers are recognized, in addition to the 6 tectomagmatic periods and 5 large regional faults which have great influence on the Meso- Cenozoic sedimentary evolution. Meanwhile, this paper also summarized the Meso- Cenozoic stratigraphic framework and recognized 5 types of tectonic styles and 12 tectonic combinations in the SECSSB. Faults mainly trend in NE−NNE except a few small ones trending in EW. Magmatic rocks were mainly formed during the Yanshanian and Himalayan periods and display a spatially regular migration from west to east. Numerical simulation results show that slow-stretching model is consistent with the Mesozoic tectonic setting and local water-bearing mantle melting of the region since plate subduction is believed the main reason for the formation of magmatic rocks in the study area. Based on the study mentioned above, we discussed in details the Meso-Cenozoic tectonic evolution and basin type in this paper.
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表 1 东海陆架盆地钻井岩浆岩与变质岩（据文献[20]）
Table 1. List of volcanic and metamorphic rocks encountered in drilling holes in the ECSSB
地区 井号 火山岩层段
深度/m钻井视厚/m 岩石类型 同位素
样品岩性样品深度/m 同位素年龄
值/Ma测定方法 测定单位 瓯江凹陷 石门潭井 3306～3329 23 安山岩 安山岩 3312～3326 75 K-Ar
体积法宜昌所 3329～3353.21 24.21 花岗闪长岩 花岗闪长岩 3348～3353 115 灵峰一井 2373.5～2693.18 319.6 黑云角闪斜长片麻岩 片麻岩 2429.45、2639、2693 1680 Rb-Sr
等时线宜昌所 明月峰井 2927～2983.07
1323.5～134856.07
42.5花岗岩 花岗岩 2892.61～2983.07 113 K-Ar
体积法宜昌所 温州6-1-1 3529～3570 41 玄武岩
黑云斜长片麻岩西湖凹陷 平西一 2809-2840.5
2840.5～3104
3104-3204.0731.5
263.5
100.0安山英安岩
玄武安山岩
安山质火山角砾岩安山岩
凝灰岩2866.3～2866.5
3109.39-3113.7342.5
45.9K-Ar
体积法宜昌所 平湖三 3566～3685.5 1.07 安山岩、英安质凝灰熔岩、玻屑熔结凝灰岩、凝灰岩 安山岩
凝灰岩3639.45
3640.44～3641.754.1±1.9
53.1±1.6K-Ar
稀释法南京地
矿所平湖二 3697.5～4097 265 凝灰角砾岩 安山岩 3888～3920.5 56.5±1.4 K-Ar
稀释法南京地
矿所天外天1井 4895～4983 22 蚀变英安岩 安山岩 4946～4949.5 98.8±2 K-Ar
稀释法南京地
矿所孤山一 1995～2012.5 17.5 英安质岩屑晶凝灰岩、英安质沉凝灰角砾闪长岩、安山岩、凝灰岩、玄武岩 凝灰岩 1996.96～1998.68 14.7、31.7 K-Ar
体积法宜昌所 
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表 2 东海陆架盆地中生界构造样式
Table 2. Classification of Mesozoic structural styles in the ECSSB
类型 构造组合 发育构造单元 伸展构造样式 地堑与地垒 主要发育于闽江凹陷、长江凹陷 半地堑与复式半地堑 主要发育于瓯江凹陷、晋江凹陷、九龙江凹陷 多米诺式断裂 瓯江凹陷、闽江凹陷局部地区 滚动背斜 主要见于瓯江凹陷 掀斜断块 瓯江凹陷、晋江凹陷、九龙江凹陷 挤压构造样式 挤压背斜 主要发育于闽江凹陷 断背斜 主要发育于闽江凹陷 叠瓦状逆冲构造组合 闽江凹陷局部地区 走滑构造样式 负花状构造 瓯江凹陷、台北低凸起 雁列式断层 瓯江凹陷东缘 反转构造样式 正反转构造 闽江凹陷、长江凹陷 底辟构造样式 岩浆底辟构造 瓯江凹陷东侧、台北低凸起
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