海洋沉积过程的铀系放射性核素示踪技术：物源识别、沉积、再悬浮

林武辉; 余克服; 王英辉; 刘昕明; 陈立奇

doi:10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2018092001

海洋沉积过程的铀系放射性核素示踪技术：物源识别、沉积、再悬浮

1.
广西南海珊瑚礁研究重点实验室，南宁 530004

2.
广西大学海洋学院，南宁 530004

3.
广西海洋研究院，南宁 530022

4.
自然资源部海洋-大气化学与全球变化重点实验室，厦门 361005

基金项目: 国家重大科学研究计划项目“南海珊瑚礁对多尺度热带海洋环境变化的响应、记录与适应对策研究”(2013CB956102)；国家自然科学基金“珊瑚礁千米深钻记录的西沙碳酸盐台地形成演化和环境变迁史”(91428203)，“南海造礁珊瑚对海洋人工放射性核素⁹⁰Sr源汇过程的指示作用研究”(41906043)；广西“珊瑚礁资源与环境”八桂学者(2014BGXZGX03)；广西自然科学基金面上项目“北部湾海洋沉积物中放射性核素的分布格局和调控机制研究”(2019GXNSFAA185006)；国家海洋局海洋-大气化学与全球变化重点实验室开放基金“造礁珊瑚对海水中人工放射性核素⁹⁰Sr的指示作用研究”(GCMAC1606)

详细信息

作者简介: 林武辉(1987—)，男，博士，主要研究海洋过程的同位素示踪、海洋放射性监测与评价，E-mail: linwuhui8@163.com

通讯作者: 余克服(1969—)，男，教授，主要从事珊瑚礁地质与生态环境研究，E-mail: kefuyu@scsio.ac.cn

中图分类号: P736.21

收稿日期: 2018-09-20

修回日期: 2019-01-03

刊出日期: 2020-02-25

Using uranium-series radionuclides as tools for tracing marine sedimentary processes: Source identification, sedimentation rate, and sediment resuspension

1.
Guangxi Laboratory on the study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Nanning 530004, China

2.
School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China

3.
Guangxi Academy of Oceanography, Nanning 530022, China

4.
Key Lab of Global Change and Marine-Atmospheric Chemistry, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China

More Information

Corresponding author: YU Kefu, kefuyu@scsio.ac.cn

Received Date: 20 September 2018

Revised Date: 03 January 2019

Publish Date: 25 February 2020

摘要

摘要:
放射性核素示踪技术被广泛应用于海洋学研究。海洋沉积物是许多物质的归宿，海洋沉积过程的研究常关注3个关联问题：物质来源、沉积速率、再悬浮过程。针对这3个问题，在南海9个珊瑚礁区、北部湾涠洲岛海域、珠江口、北冰洋、南大洋等多个海区利用典型的铀系放射性核素（²¹⁰Pb、²²⁶Ra、²³⁴Th、²³⁸U）示踪技术开展海洋沉积过程研究。物源识别方面，研究发现珊瑚礁区沉积物具有极低的²²⁶Ra/²³⁸U活度比值（＜0.1），显著低于其他海区的²²⁶Ra/²³⁸U活度比值（0.5～1.0），该独特性质可以应用于珊瑚礁区的沉积物/悬浮物来源示踪，是其他传统元素地球化学方法（Al、Ti、稀土元素）的补充。沉积速率方面，基于²¹⁰Pb的恒定通量恒定沉积速率（Constant Flux Constant Sedimentation Model, CFCS）模式，定量计算了广西涠洲岛珊瑚礁区沉积柱样的沉积速率（3.7±0.6 mm/a），该结果低于中国多个近岸海域的沉积速率（5～96 mm/a）。沉积物再悬浮方面，提出利用“残余²³⁴Th”（不同于过剩²³⁴Th）示踪海洋沉积物再悬浮过程，并成功应用于北冰洋、南海、南大洋。
- 放射性核素 /
- 沉积物 /
- 示踪 /
- 珊瑚礁 /
- 残余²³⁴Th
Abstract:
Radionuclides are widely used as tracers in oceanography. As the final fate of many substances, marine sediment is mainly concerned from three perspectives: source identification, sedimentation rate, and sediment resuspension. In the present study, uranium-series radionuclides (²¹⁰Pb, ²²⁶Ra, ²³⁴Th, and ²³⁸U) are applied in several sea regions such as the nine typical coral reefs in the South China Sea, the Weizhou Island, the Pearl River Estuary, the Arctic Ocean, and the Southern Ocean, to study the sediment source, sedimentation rate, and sediment resuspension. Firstly, activity ratio of ²²⁶Ra to ²³⁸U was found extremely low (＜0.1) in the marine sediment of coral reef regions comparing to the activity ratios (0.5～1.0) in other marine sediments and therefore, it could be used as the tool to identify the sources of marine sediments from coral reef regions in addition to other geochemical tools (Al, Ti, and REE). Secondly, the sedimentation rate (3.7±0.6 mm/a) was calculated for a sediment core taking from the coral reefs near the Weizhou Island via excess ²¹⁰Pb (Constant Flux Constant Sedimentation Model, CFCS model in brief) which was lower than most figures (5 mm/a～96 mm/a) in other coastal areas of China. Finally, residual β activity of particulate ²³⁴Th (RA_P234) was proposed for tracking marine sediment resuspension. The RA_P234 was successfully applied in the Arctic Ocean, South China Sea, and Southern Ocean. In conclusion, the successful applications of these radioactive tracers have provided potential tools used for tracing marine sedimentary processes in addition to the ongoing toolbox.
- radionuclides /
- sediment /
- tracer /
- coral reefs /
- residual β activity of particulate ²³⁴Th

HTML全文

图 1 放射性核素示踪技术在海洋过程研究中的典型应用

Figure 1.

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图 2 海洋沉积物采样站位分布和对应的沉积物中²²⁶Ra和²³⁸U活度

Figure 2.

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图 3 广西涠洲岛珊瑚礁区沉积物柱状样的站位图与过剩²¹⁰Pb活度自然对数计算后的垂直分布

Figure 3.

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图 4 北冰洋陆架区（a）、南海珠江口陆架区（b）、南大洋陆架区（c）不同站位的残余²³⁴Th（RA_P234）剖面图

Figure 4.

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图 5 北冰洋SR3站位的海水浊度与残余²³⁴Th剖面图对比

Figure 5.

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图 6 北冰洋颗粒有机碳（POC）和残余²³⁴Th（RA_P234）相关性分析

Figure 6.

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海洋沉积过程的铀系放射性核素示踪技术：物源识别、沉积、再悬浮

1. 广西南海珊瑚礁研究重点实验室，南宁 530004 2. 广西大学海洋学院，南宁 530004 3. 广西海洋研究院，南宁 530022 4. 自然资源部海洋-大气化学与全球变化重点实验室，厦门 361005

作者简介: 林武辉(1987—)，男，博士，主要研究海洋过程的同位素示踪、海洋放射性监测与评价，E-mail: linwuhui8@163.com

通讯作者: 余克服(1969—)，男，教授，主要从事珊瑚礁地质与生态环境研究，E-mail: kefuyu@scsio.ac.cn

Using uranium-series radionuclides as tools for tracing marine sedimentary processes: Source identification, sedimentation rate, and sediment resuspension

Corresponding author: YU Kefu, kefuyu@scsio.ac.cn

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1.
广西南海珊瑚礁研究重点实验室，南宁 530004

2.
广西大学海洋学院，南宁 530004

3.
广西海洋研究院，南宁 530022

4.
自然资源部海洋-大气化学与全球变化重点实验室，厦门 361005