Grain-size characteristics of the surface clastic sediments on the southern margin of the Yap Trench and their provenance implications
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摘要:
对取自雅浦海沟南缘海域的112个表层沉积物样品，进行了矿物碎屑粒度特征和粒度组分分离分析，探讨了矿物碎屑的来源。结果表明，研究区海底表层沉积物的矿物碎屑主要粒级是粉砂和黏土。使用粒度组分分离方法，由细到粗共分离出四个组分：M1、M2、M3和M4，其中M1和M2为风尘物质，遍布整个研究区；M3和M4为火山碎屑和硅质生物碎屑，主要分布在雅浦海沟和西加洛林海槽附近。雅浦海沟和西加洛林海槽内矿物碎屑偏粗，峰态值偏小，分选差，反映物源复杂；西加洛林海盆内矿物碎屑偏细，峰态值偏小，分选较差，物源多样；西加洛林海脊处矿物碎屑最细，峰态值普遍较大，分选好，优势粒级明显，物源相对单一。从海脊、海盆到海槽与海沟，矿物碎屑粒径变粗，分选变差，物源逐渐变得复杂，表明矿物碎屑分布与构造环境密切相关。
Abstract:The grain size characteristics of the surface detrital sediments near the southern margin of Yap trench and their implications for sediment provenance were studied. Results show that the sediments are dominated by silt and clay in the region. Using the method of grain size component separation, four components, M1, M2, M3 and M4, were separated from fine to coarse. Among them, M1 and M2 are wind dust, which are distributed throughout the study area. M3 and M4 are pyroclast and siliceous bioclast mainly distributed near the Yapu Trench and West Caroline Trough. The detrital particles are rather coarse in the Yap Trench and the West Caroline Trough, whereas the kurtosis figure is small and the sorting is poor, indicating a complex sediment source; the sediments in the West Caroline basin are relatively fine, with low kurtosis and poor sorting, showing a relatively complex material source; whereas the sediments on the West Caroline ridge are the finest with high kurtosis and good sorting, suggesting a rather simple sediment source. From the ridge, basin to the trough and trench, the clastic sediments gradually become coarser, and poorly sorted, with the provenance gradually becoming more complex. It suggests that the distribution of mineral composition of sediments are closely related to the tectonic environment.
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Key words:
- surface sediments /
- mineral detritus /
- grain size /
- provenance /
- Yap trench
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