赣东–浙西下寒武统荷塘组稀土元素特征及其地质意义

朱文博; 张训华; 曲中党; 黄正清; 王修齐; 丁大林

doi:10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2020031201

赣东–浙西下寒武统荷塘组稀土元素特征及其地质意义

1.
中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院，青岛 266100

2.
南京地质调查中心，南京 210016

3.
青岛海洋地质研究所，青岛 266071

基金项目: “十三五”国家科技重大专项任务“下扬子地区寒武系页岩地球化学特征与含气性研究”（2016ZX05034-001-003）；中央财政二级项目“苏皖地区页岩气地质调查”（DD20190083）

详细信息

作者简介: 朱文博（1990—），男，在读博士生，从事地球物理及页岩气成藏研究，E-mail：zhuwenbo_2012@163.com

通讯作者: 张训华（1961—），男，研究员，博导，从事构造地质、综合地球物理研究，E-mail：xunhuazh611102@sina.com

中图分类号: P595

收稿日期: 2020-03-12

修回日期: 2020-04-12

刊出日期: 2021-04-28

REE composition and its geological implications of the Hetang Formation mudstones in the East Jiangxi and west Zhejiang, China

1.
College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China

2.
Nanjing Geological Survey Center, Nanjing 210016, China

3.
Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, Qingdao 266071, China

More Information

Corresponding author: ZHANG Xunhua, xunhuazh611102@sina.com

Received Date: 12 March 2020

Revised Date: 12 April 2020

Publish Date: 28 April 2021

摘要

摘要:
为揭示下扬子下寒武统黑色岩系的物源属性、构造背景及其沉积环境等特征，对赣东-浙西地区下寒武统荷塘组野外露头及钻井岩心进行了系统采样与稀土元素分析测试。结果显示，荷塘组样品稀土元素总量变化波动大（16.83×10⁻⁶ ～ 321.22×10⁻⁶），均值低（103.11×10⁻⁶），轻稀土元素富集且分异明显，重稀土元素亏损但分异小，普遍存在Ce负异常和明显Eu正异常。研究表明：①荷塘组硅质泥页岩形成于缺氧还原的裂陷海盆环境，构造背景为被动大陆边缘，物源受陆源、海水和热液共同影响，横峰、上饶受热液和海水影响最大，受陆源碎屑影响最小，常山、江山与之相反；②沉积过程普遍有热液活动参与，在上饶存在热液活动中心，活动强度呈西强东弱特点，并发现低温热液活动有利于有机质的富集。
- 稀土元素 /
- 沉积环境 /
- 热液活动 /
- 荷塘组 /
- 赣东-浙西地区
Abstract:
The provenance, tectonic setting and sedimentary environment of the Lower Cambrian black shale named Hetang Formation in the east Jiangxi and west Zhejiang of the Lower Yangtze platform are studied in this paper. Characteristics of rare earth elements (REEs) are revealed from 22 outcrop samples and 15 core samples of the Well ZJD-1. It suggests that the total amount of rare earth elements in the Hetang Formation of the study area vary substantially from 16.83 to 321.22×10⁻⁶, with a lowest mean value around 103.11×10⁻⁶. Light rare-earth elements are obviously enriched and differentiated, while the heavy rare-earth elements deficit and poorly differentiated. Commonly observed are negative Ce and positive Eu anomalies. Combined with previous researches, we reached the followings as conclusions. (1) The Hetang Formation was deposited in a rift basin with anoxic water along a passive continental margin tectonically. The provenance of the sediments was jointly controlled by the terrestrial source and the outputs from seawater and hydrothermal fluid. The region of Hengfeng and Shangrao is little affected by terrigenous debris, but substantially influenced by the materials from hydrothermal fluid and seawater, and the region of Changshan and Jiangshan is just the opposite. (2) The Hetang Formation is obviously affected by hydrothermal activities, and the low temperature hydrothermal activity is favorable for the deposition and enrichment of organic matters. The hydrothermal activity was centered at Shangrao, with decreasing influence from west to east.
- rare earth element /
- sedimentary environment /
- hydrothermal activity /
- Hetang Formation /
- East Jiangxi and west Zhejiang area

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图 1 研究区早寒武世沉积相及岩性柱状图^[14]

Figure 1.

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图 2 赣东-浙西地区荷塘组球粒陨石标准化模式图

Figure 2.

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图 3 赣东-浙西地区荷塘组PAAS标准化模式图

Figure 3.

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图 4 常见水体和沉积物PAAS标准化后REE+Y模式图解^{[6, 26]}

Figure 4.

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图 5 物源输入类型判别图

Figure 5.

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图 6 赣东-浙西荷塘组TOC与Eu异常值统计图

Figure 6.

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表 1 赣东-浙西下寒武统荷塘组稀土元素含量

Table 1. REE contents of Lower Cambrian Hetang Formation in east Jiangxi and west Zhejiang

10⁻⁶
采样地区	样品	Sc	Y	La	Ce	Pr	Nd	Sm	Eu	Gd	Tb	Dy	Ho	Er	Tm	Yb	Lu	TOC/%
开化	KH-1	9.82	5.51	25.36	45.33	5.29	18.79	2.92	2.04	2.20	0.26	1.24	0.24	0.72	0.12	0.87	0.13	2.99
	KH-2	11.13	7.82	27.33	40.08	6.53	21.93	3.24	0.72	2.07	0.26	1.27	0.29	0.98	0.18	1.43	0.23	1.43
	KH-3	6.98	9.19	26.12	41.83	5.16	17.85	3.03	1.30	2.08	0.29	1.55	0.33	0.96	0.17	1.22	0.19	3.43
常山	CS-1	9.64	15.59	25.85	50.27	6.45	23.09	4.43	0.95	3.55	0.57	3.00	0.61	1.62	0.29	1.93	0.29	1.48
	CS-2	1.97	16.55	9.94	14.66	1.66	6.47	1.20	0.34	1.28	0.22	1.33	0.35	1.01	0.15	0.91	0.13	3.76
	CS-3	3.53	5.89	7.51	13.93	1.81	6.87	1.38	0.30	1.12	0.18	1.03	0.21	0.58	0.09	0.63	0.09	2.9
玉山	YS-1	6.38	22.51	36.49	70.42	9.52	34.60	6.53	1.17	5.47	0.85	4.37	0.85	2.20	0.32	2.10	0.30	3.1
	YS-2	4.00	12.86	14.13	26.25	3.64	13.76	2.75	0.52	2.37	0.40	2.25	0.47	1.26	0.19	1.31	0.19	2.18
	YS-3	12.62	41.90	53.98	62.38	11.80	41.03	6.76	2.17	6.08	1.10	7.00	1.62	4.83	0.79	5.33	0.80	10.73
	YS-4	4.10	11.59	13.41	23.10	2.82	9.91	1.94	2.28	1.76	0.29	1.71	0.38	1.07	0.18	1.23	0.18	5.8
横峰	HF-1	1.72	14.21	24.91	30.86	4.89	21.88	4.48	1.16	3.93	0.53	2.39	0.42	0.93	0.11	0.62	0.09	6.03
	HF-2	1.14	6.82	4.14	5.54	0.70	2.87	0.73	0.30	0.94	0.16	0.87	0.18	0.44	0.06	0.35	0.04	4.08
	HF-3	1.36	9.94	6.05	7.47	1.06	4.11	0.76	0.82	0.84	0.14	0.89	0.22	0.61	0.09	0.59	0.08	12.08
	HF-4	7.09	9.63	31.39	58.83	8.31	31.07	6.35	3.28	4.10	0.52	2.11	0.42	1.20	0.20	1.44	0.22	2.39
上饶	SR-1	7.06	9.42	39.81	40.72	8.94	30.44	5.64	0.95	4.08	0.58	2.51	0.40	0.96	0.13	0.85	0.12	4.27
	SR-2	9.36	4.31	17.70	72.95	3.25	9.97	1.66	2.60	1.62	0.19	1.04	0.21	0.64	0.12	0.91	0.13	3.05
	SR-3	15.01	39.77	37.55	53.91	9.22	34.70	6.96	1.77	6.21	1.11	6.68	1.39	3.79	0.59	3.72	0.53	3.06
	SR-4	8.28	12.56	49.50	81.28	11.52	50.63	10.14	1.92	6.91	0.89	3.67	0.59	1.49	0.21	1.40	0.19	3.59
	SR-5	4.77	19.66	26.46	34.32	4.77	16.61	2.71	1.69	2.42	0.35	2.02	0.50	1.43	0.20	1.39	0.21	15.79
	SR-6	1.61	26.17	7.03	9.76	2.15	7.61	1.89	0.58	2.28	0.46	3.38	0.77	2.46	0.41	2.76	0.38	1.97
	SR-7	3.94	35.13	22.09	23.28	3.37	12.78	2.26	0.56	2.52	0.44	2.91	0.73	2.10	0.30	1.76	0.24	10.43
	SR-8	1.54	6.98	2.30	3.63	0.96	4.42	1.12	0.32	0.98	0.18	1.14	0.25	0.68	0.11	0.66	0.09	5.0
ZJD-1井	ZJD-1	11.9	15.6	22.6	41.9	5.27	20.4	3.96	0.75	3.43	0.55	3.2	0.63	1.9	0.31	2.01	0.31	3.13
	ZJD-2	4.75	10.7	12	23.8	3.08	12.4	2.42	0.51	2.11	0.3	1.93	0.37	1.09	0.17	1.06	0.15	3.52
	ZJD-3	5.15	10.7	13.2	26.4	3.43	13.9	2.76	0.56	2.27	0.36	2.02	0.38	1.11	0.17	1.1	0.15	3.51
	ZJD-4	6.1	12.6	15.3	28.9	3.66	14.5	2.9	0.59	2.48	0.4	2.31	0.44	1.33	0.21	1.32	0.2	3.57
	ZJD-5	7.34	16	21.5	40.4	5.04	20.4	3.87	0.8	3.35	0.53	3.01	0.6	1.7	0.27	1.73	0.26	1.93
	ZJD-6	8.02	21.1	28.5	49.8	6.27	24.5	4.52	0.95	3.9	0.65	3.77	0.75	2.25	0.36	2.19	0.33	−
	ZJD-7	8.95	22.4	28.6	55	6.97	28.2	5.38	1.08	4.56	0.72	4.03	0.78	2.25	0.34	2.08	0.31	2.76
	ZJD-8	6.43	14.3	19.3	36	4.39	17.1	3.38	0.7	2.89	0.46	2.69	0.53	1.57	0.26	1.54	0.23	−
	ZJD-9	7.31	12.5	17	30.2	3.61	14.1	2.74	0.57	2.3	0.38	2.25	0.47	1.4	0.24	1.49	0.22	2.97
	ZJD-10	5.55	10.8	13.5	25.6	3.17	12.7	2.5	0.55	2.1	0.35	2.08	0.41	1.19	0.19	1.24	0.18	3.33
	ZJD-11	5.16	9.6	12.3	23.7	3.04	12.1	2.3	0.49	1.99	0.32	1.78	0.35	1.06	0.17	1.07	0.16	3.57
	ZJD-12	2.35	12.6	10.1	20.1	2.21	9.01	1.79	0.4	1.71	0.29	1.72	0.36	1.07	0.16	0.93	0.14	5.22
	ZJD-13	7.45	56	42.5	66	7.77	32.7	5.99	1.4	6.08	0.99	6.25	1.32	3.89	0.58	3.29	0.48	16.93
	ZJD-14	8.55	150	75.9	74.3	16.9	73.4	14.7	3.38	15.5	2.75	17.4	3.82	11.2	1.64	9.06	1.27	9.56
	ZJD-15	8.73	34.1	22.8	33.8	5.48	22.7	4.68	1.06	4.26	0.76	4.88	1.07	3.35	0.57	3.46	0.54	13.67
	平均值	6.92	27.27	23.67	38.39	5.35	21.87	4.26	0.92	3.93	0.65	3.95	0.82	2.42	0.38	2.24	0.33	5.67
淳安	CA	−	9.93	18.92	33.92	4.04	13.79	3.23	0.38	1.66	0.28	1.68	0.38	1.09	0.18	1.13	0.17	−
安吉	AJ	−	60.34	29.97	34.79	6.06	24.33	4.85	1.23	6.17	0.97	6.31	1.45	4.16	0.62	3.53	0.52	−
PAAS ^a		−	−	38.20	79.60	8.83	33.90	5.55	1.08	4.66	0.77	4.68	0.99	2.85	0.41	2.82	0.43
球粒陨石^b		−	−	0.23	0.60	0.09	0.45	0.15	0.06	0.20	0.04	0.24	0.06	0.16	0.02	0.16	0.02
注：a（PAAS：后太古代澳大利亚页岩）数据引自Meclennan（2001）^[19]；b数据引自Sun（1989）^[20]。

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表 2 赣东-浙西下寒武统荷塘组稀土元素分析结果

Table 2. REE analyses of Lower Cambrian Hetang Formation in east Jiangxi and west Zhejiang

样品	ΣREE/10⁻⁶	ΣLREE/10⁻⁶	ΣHREE/10⁻⁶	ΣLREE/ΣHREE	Y/Ho	La/Yb	(La/Ce)_N	(La/Sm)_S	(La/Yb)_S	(La/Sm)_N	(La/Yb)_N	δCe	δEu
KH-1	105.52	99.72	5.79	17.21	22.75	29.10	1.17	5.43	20.15	1.26	2.15	0.90	3.79
KH-2	106.55	99.84	6.72	14.87	26.54	19.10	1.42	5.28	13.23	1.22	1.41	0.69	1.30
KH-3	102.07	95.28	6.79	14.03	27.67	21.45	1.30	5.41	14.85	1.25	1.58	0.83	2.44
CS-1	122.89	111.04	11.85	9.37	25.39	13.43	1.07	3.66	9.30	0.85	0.99	0.90	1.13
CS-2	39.64	34.26	5.38	6.37	47.61	10.89	1.41	5.20	7.54	1.21	0.80	0.82	1.28
CS-3	35.74	31.80	3.94	8.07	28.10	11.92	1.12	3.42	8.25	0.79	0.88	0.87	1.14
YS-1	175.19	158.73	16.46	9.64	26.60	17.37	1.08	3.50	12.03	0.81	1.28	0.87	0.92
YS-2	69.47	61.03	8.44	7.23	27.34	10.81	1.12	3.23	7.48	0.75	0.80	0.84	0.95
YS-3	205.66	178.11	27.54	6.47	25.94	10.12	1.80	5.00	7.01	1.16	0.75	0.57	1.60
YS-4	60.25	53.46	6.79	7.87	30.47	10.89	1.21	4.34	7.54	1.01	0.80	0.87	5.83
HF-1	97.18	88.17	9.01	9.79	34.00	40.24	1.68	3.49	27.86	0.81	2.97	0.64	1.30
HF-2	17.33	14.28	3.05	4.68	38.93	11.68	1.56	3.54	8.09	0.82	0.86	0.74	1.69
HF-3	23.71	20.26	3.45	5.86	46.19	10.33	1.69	4.99	7.15	1.16	0.76	0.68	4.80
HF-4	149.43	139.22	10.21	13.64	23.10	21.83	1.11	3.10	15.11	0.72	1.61	0.84	3.02
SR-1	136.13	126.51	9.63	13.14	23.60	46.82	2.04	4.42	32.42	1.03	3.46	0.50	0.93
SR-2	112.98	108.11	4.86	22.23	20.52	19.39	0.51	6.69	13.43	1.55	1.43	2.21	7.47
SR-3	168.14	144.10	24.04	5.99	28.55	10.08	1.45	3.38	6.98	0.78	0.74	0.67	1.27
SR-4	220.34	205.00	15.35	13.36	21.19	35.32	1.27	3.06	24.45	0.71	2.61	0.79	1.08
SR-5	95.07	86.56	8.51	10.17	39.51	19.07	1.61	6.13	13.20	1.42	1.41	0.70	3.10
SR-6	41.92	29.01	12.91	2.25	33.85	2.55	1.50	2.34	1.77	0.54	0.19	0.57	1.32
SR-7	75.33	64.33	11.00	5.85	47.92	12.58	1.98	6.13	8.71	1.42	0.93	0.61	1.10
SR-8	16.83	12.75	4.09	3.12	27.87	3.51	1.32	1.29	2.43	0.30	0.26	0.54	1.43
ZJD-1	107.22	94.88	12.34	7.69	24.76	11.24	1.12	3.58	7.78	0.83	0.83	0.89	0.96
ZJD-2	61.39	54.21	7.18	7.55	28.92	11.32	1.05	3.11	7.84	0.72	0.84	0.90	1.06
ZJD-3	67.81	60.25	7.56	7.97	28.16	12.00	1.04	3.00	8.31	0.69	0.89	0.90	1.05
ZJD-4	74.54	65.85	8.69	7.58	28.64	11.59	1.10	3.31	8.03	0.77	0.86	0.89	1.04
ZJD-5	103.46	92.01	11.45	8.04	26.67	12.43	1.11	3.48	8.60	0.81	0.92	0.90	1.05
ZJD-6	128.74	114.54	14.20	8.07	28.13	13.01	1.19	3.95	9.01	0.92	0.96	0.86	1.07
ZJD-7	140.30	125.23	15.07	8.31	28.72	13.75	1.08	3.33	9.52	0.77	1.02	0.90	1.03
ZJD-8	91.04	80.87	10.17	7.95	26.98	12.53	1.12	3.58	8.68	0.83	0.93	0.90	1.05
ZJD-9	76.97	68.22	8.75	7.80	26.60	11.41	1.17	3.89	7.90	0.90	0.84	0.89	1.07
ZJD-10	65.76	58.02	7.74	7.50	26.34	10.89	1.10	3.38	7.54	0.78	0.80	0.90	1.13
ZJD-11	60.83	53.93	6.90	7.82	27.43	11.50	1.08	3.35	7.96	0.78	0.85	0.89	1.08
ZJD-12	49.99	43.61	6.38	6.84	35.00	10.86	1.05	3.54	7.52	0.82	0.80	0.98	1.08
ZJD-13	179.24	156.36	22.88	6.83	42.42	12.92	1.34	4.45	8.94	1.03	0.95	0.83	1.09
ZJD-14	321.22	258.58	62.64	4.13	39.27	8.38	2.13	3.24	5.80	0.75	0.62	0.48	1.05
ZJD-15	109.41	90.52	18.89	4.79	31.87	6.59	1.41	3.05	4.56	0.71	0.49	0.70	1.12
CA	80.85	74.28	6.57	11.31	26.13	16.74	1.16	3.67	11.59	0.85	1.24	0.89	0.77
AJ	124.96	101.23	23.73	4.27	41.61	8.49	1.80	3.87	5.88	0.90	0.63	0.59	1.06
注：下标S表示球粒陨石标准化^[20]，下标N表示经过后太古代澳大利亚页岩值（PAAS）标准化^[19]；∑REE=La+Ce+Pr+Nd+Sm+ Eu+Gd+Tb+Dy+Ho+Er+Tm+Yb+Lu, ∑LREE=La+Ce+Pr+Nd+Sm+Eu，∑HREE=Gd+Tb+Dy+Ho+Er+Tm+Yb+Lu, δCe=2*Ce_S/（La_S+Pr_S）, δEu=Eu_S/（Sm_S+Gd_S） ^0.5。

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表 3 赣东-浙西荷塘组与不同沉积环境硅质岩对比^{[4, 21, 25, 34]}

Table 3. Comparison between Hetang Formation and the cherts of different sedimentary environments

	Y/Ho	(La/Yb)_S	(La/Yb)_N	(La/Ce)_N	δCe	δEu
横峰地区	23.10～46.19（35.55）	7.15～27.86（14.56）	0.76～2.97（1.55）	1.11～1.69（1.51）	0.64～0.84（0.72）	1.30～4.80（2.70）
上饶地区	20.52～47.92（30.38）	1.77～32.42（12.92）	0.19～3.46（1.38）	0.51～2.04（1.46）	0.50～2.21（0.82）	0.93～7.47（2.21）
玉山地区	25.94～30.47（27.59）	7.01～12.03（8.51）	0.75～1.28（0.91）	1.08～1.80（1.30）	0.57～0.87（0.79）	0.92～5.83（2.32）
开化地区	22.75～27.67（25.65）	13.23～20.15（16.08）	1.41～2.15（1.71）	1.17～1.42（1.30）	0.69～0.90（0.81）	1.30～3.79（2.51）
常山地区	25.39～47.61（33.70）	7.54～9.30（8.36）	0.80～0.99（0.89）	1.07～1.41（1.20）	0.82～0.90（0.86）	1.13～1.28（1.18）
江山地区	24.76～42.42（29.99）	4.56～9.52（7.87）	0.49～1.02（0.84）	1.04～2.13（1.21）	0.48～0.98（0.85）	0.96～1.13（1.06）
弗朗西斯科陆缘	−	−	0.43～1.22（0.75）	≈1	0.67～1.52（1.11）	0.64～1.72（1.21）
弗朗西斯科远洋	−	−	0.48～2.26（1.30）	2.0～3.0	0.50～0.76（0.60）	1.06～1.33（1.15）
弗朗西斯科洋脊	−	−	0.57～0.96（0.74）	≥3.5	0.18～0.60（0.29）	0.97～1.35（1.08）
Sasayama远洋	29.70～44.33（36.80）	−	0.47～1.51（0.87）	−	0.36～1.22（0.72）	1.00～1.23（1.11）
澳大利亚裂谷	−	−	0.46±0.40	1.16±0.36	0.91±0.28	0.87～20.65（6.59）

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