Distribution and influencing factors of planktonic foraminifera in surface sediments of the Ninetyeast Ridge in Indian Ocean
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摘要:
对东印度洋90°海岭附近海域82个表层沉积物样品中的浮游有孔虫进行鉴定统计分析，揭示了研究区表层沉积物中浮游有孔虫区域分布特征，并对其影响因素进行了初步探讨。研究表明，东印度洋90°海岭附近海域表层沉积物中浮游有孔虫呈现典型的热带-亚热带组合特征，共鉴定出浮游有孔虫30种。运用聚类分析，得到3个浮游有孔虫组合：组合类群I主要分布在5°～10°N的孟加拉湾南部开阔海域，主要种属包括Globigerinoides sacculifer，Globigerinoides ruber，Neogloboquadrina dutertrei，体现了生产力及海水盐度对有孔虫组合的影响；组合类群II主要在5°N至5°S，沿东经90°海岭分布。主要种属包括Globigerinoides ruber，Globorotalia menardii，Neogloboquadrina dutertrei，体现了水深及生产力对有孔虫组合的影响；组合类群III对称分布在组合类群II两侧水深较深的海域，主要种属包括Globorotalia tumida，Globorotalia menardi，Pulleniatina obliquiloculata，体现了水深对有孔虫组合特征的影响。根据有孔虫组合类群分布特征，推断水深、盐度及生产力是影响本海域浮游有孔虫分布的最主要因素。
Abstract:Eighty-two surface sediment samples were collected from the Ninetyeast Ridge of the eastern Indian Ocean, from which planktonic foraminifera community fossils were identified and statistically analyzed. The regional distribution characteristics of planktonic foraminifera in surface sediments were revealed, and the influencing factors discussed. Results show that the planktonic foraminifera displayed typical tropical-subtropical attributes, and 30 species of planktonic foraminifera were identified. The planktonic foraminifera were classified into groups (assemblages) in cluster analysis. Group I included mainly Globigerinoides sacculifer, Globigerinoides ruber, and Neogloboquadrina dutertrei, distributed mostly in the open sea area in the south of the Bay of Bengal from 5°N to 10°N, and affected by productivity and salinity of seawater. Group II included Globigerinoides ruber, Globorotalia menardii, and Neogloboquadrina dutertrei, occupied mainly between 5°N and 5°S along the Ninetyeast Ridge, and related to the depth and productivity. Group III contained mainly Globorotalia tumida, Globorotalia menardi, and Pulleniatina obliquiloculata, distributed symmetrically in deep water areas on both sides of Group 2, and were closely depth dependent. Therefore, the distribution patterns of planktonic foraminifer assemblages are closely affected by water depth, salinity, and productivity of planktonic foraminifera in the sea area.
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Key words:
- surface sediments /
- planktonic foraminifera /
- sedimentary environment /
- Ninetyeast Ridge /
- Indian Ocean
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表 1 研究区表层样浮游有孔虫优势种百分含量统计
Table 1. Statistical table of relative abundance of dominant planktonic foraminifera in surface sediments in the study area
属种名 最大值/% 最小值/% 平均值/% Globorotalia menardii 42.90 2.41 13.64 Globigerinoides ruber 31.73 0.00 13.54 Globigerinoides sacculifer 26.16 0.00 12.15 Neogloboquadrina dutertrei 19.28 0.83 10.33 Globorotalia tumida 65.56 0.00 10.20 Pulleniatina obliquiloculata 24.33 0.00 9.01 Globigerinita glutinata 16.95 0.00 5.21 
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表 2 各组浮游有孔虫主要种属含量分布
Table 2. Content distribution of main species of planktonic foraminifera in each group
种属 组合I 组合II 组合III Globigerinoides ruber 16.30% 19.68% 3.10% Globigerinoides sacculifer 17.31% 15.54% 4.80% Globorotalia menardii 10.04% 10.23% 21.15% Neogloboquadrina dutertrei 13.32% 10.22% 8.87% Pulleniatina obliquiloculata 9.12% 7.21% 11.01% Globoquadrina conglomerata 6.15% 6.17% 2.23% Globigerina bulloides 4.79% 3.85% 1.49% Globigerinita glutinata 4.68% 6.77% 2.44% Globorotalia tumida 1.24% 1.26% 27.04%
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