东北太平洋Cascadia陆缘Orca滑坡触发机理的数值模拟

何雯, 曹运诚, 陈多福. 东北太平洋Cascadia陆缘Orca滑坡触发机理的数值模拟[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2023, 43(1): 180-189. doi: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2022050701
引用本文: 何雯, 曹运诚, 陈多福. 东北太平洋Cascadia陆缘Orca滑坡触发机理的数值模拟[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2023, 43(1): 180-189. doi: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2022050701
HE Wen, CAO Yuncheng, CHEN Duofu. Modelling of triggering of Orca submarine landslide, Cascadia margin, northeast Pacific[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2023, 43(1): 180-189. doi: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2022050701
Citation: HE Wen, CAO Yuncheng, CHEN Duofu. Modelling of triggering of Orca submarine landslide, Cascadia margin, northeast Pacific[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2023, 43(1): 180-189. doi: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2022050701

东北太平洋Cascadia陆缘Orca滑坡触发机理的数值模拟

  • 基金项目: 国家重点研发项目“中国海域冷泉系统演变过程及其机制”(2018YFC0310006);国家自然科学基金项目“南海北部冷泉和天然气水合物发育区海底浅表层沉积物碳循环数值模拟”(41730528),“马里亚纳弧前海底蛇纹岩泥火山无机成因甲烷形成水合物的条件及潜力分析”(41776050),“冲绳海槽海底冷泉-热液系统相互作用及资源效应”(91858208)
详细信息
    作者简介: 何雯(1997—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事天然气水合物模拟研究,E-mail:m190200563@st.shou.edu.cn
    通讯作者: 曹运诚(1983—),男,副研究员,主要从事天然气水合物数值模拟研究,E-mail: yccao@shou.edu.cn
  • 中图分类号: P736

Modelling of triggering of Orca submarine landslide, Cascadia margin, northeast Pacific

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  • 海底温度和海平面变化可以引起海底天然气水合物分解,导致沉积物孔隙内形成超压,改变沉积物有效应力从而触发海底滑坡。本文建立了与此相关的海底滑坡产生的数值模型,并应用于东北太平洋Cascadia陆缘14~9 kaBP期间发生的Orca滑坡形成过程研究。模拟结果显示在最近18 ka海平面逐渐上升的大背景下,18~14 kaBP期间底水温度升高引起其后的天然气水合物稳定带底界快速上移,并在13.7 kaBP达到1.18 m/ka的高底界上移速率,此时Orca地区稳定带底界粗颗粒层内的高饱和度天然气水合物发生分解,产生114 kPa的流体超压,使地层安全系数显著小于1,触发海底滑坡。因此,海底温度升高引起高饱和度天然气水合物分解可能是东北太平洋Cascadia陆缘Orca海底滑坡的主要触发因素。

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  • 图 1  海底斜坡受力示意图

    Figure 1. 

    图 2  东北太平洋Cascadia北部陆缘Orca地区的地质背景和U1326站位地质特征

    Figure 2. 

    图 3  东北太平洋Cascadia北部陆缘Orca地区18 ka以来水合物稳定带底界变化

    Figure 3. 

    图 4  东北太平洋Cascadia北部陆缘Orca地区不同水合物饱和度条件下的底界移动速率(a)、 超压(b)和地层安全系数(c)

    Figure 4. 

    表 1  模型使用的地质参数及其取值

    Table 1.  Geological parameters and their values used in the model

    符号参数名称参数取值
    Sh水合物饱和度0.056[47]
    α热扩散系数1×10−6 m2/s[51]
    S海水盐度33 PSU[52]
    ZBHSZ水合物稳定带底界深度275 mbsf[45]
    流体粘度8.87×10−4 Pa·s[34]
    沉积物孔隙度0.54[45]
    沉积层渗透率1.0×10−17 m2[36]
    G地温梯度0.06℃/m[52]
    θ滑坡前地层倾角20°[35]
    C内聚力105 kPa[53]
    φ摩擦角18°[53]
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收稿日期:  2022-05-07
修回日期:  2022-05-31
刊出日期:  2023-02-28

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