Sequence stratigraphic and evolution of the Ganquan platform in Xisha area, South China Sea
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摘要:
甘泉海台作为典型的西沙淹没碳酸盐台地，为更好地了解其结构演化，采集了二维多道地震资料，并对其进行降噪处理，获取了3条高分辨率多道地震剖面，利用层序地层学原理，在地震剖面上识别出10个特殊地震相和4个层序界面，揭示了甘泉海台自早中新世开始发育了约700 m的碳酸盐台地，并在上新世被淹没，其斜坡地层也随水深变化和台地发育演化呈现不同沉积特征。西沙淹没碳酸盐台地自晚渐新世—早中新世在构造高点开始发育，中中新世相对海平面稳定上升而形成厚层碳酸盐台地，晚中新世碳酸盐台地演化进入末期，上新世生物礁碳酸盐台地逐渐死亡直至淹没。
Abstract:The Ganquan Platform is a typical submerged carbonate platform in the Xisha Island, South China Sea. To unravel the architecture and development of the platform, two-dimensional multi-channel seismic data were collected, and the noise reduction was performed to obtain three high-resolution multi-channel seismic profiles. Ten special seismic facies and 4 sequence boundaries were identified on the seismic section, revealing that a 700 m thick carbonate formation was developed in the Ganquan Platform since the early Miocene, and submerged in the Pliocene.Large amounts of gravity flow deposit and contour flow deposit were developed at lower-bottom slope areas. Sedimentary facies in the slope varied with depth, siliceous-carbonate rock clastics were seen in the bottom of the slope, and carbonate rock clastics in the upper slope. The stratigraphic characteristics of the Ganquan platform and the tectonic background of the Xisha region show that the submerged carbonate platform in the Xisha was born at a structural height during the Late Oligocene to the Early Miocene. In the Middle Miocene, the relative sea level rose steadily and thick carbonate platforms were formed. In the Late Miocene, the relative sea level rose rapidly and the northeast monsoon strengthened, announcing the final stage of the carbonate platforms in evolution. In the Pliocene, the relative sea level increased continuously and rapidly. The reef carbonate platform submerged gradually and perished at last.
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表 1 二维地震采集参数
Table 1. Parameters of seismic acquisition
采集参数 数值 接收道数/道 720 道间距/m 6.25 电缆长度/m 4500 炮间距/m 25 覆盖次数/次 90 最小偏移距/m 175 记录长度/s 7 采样率/ms 2 震源容量/Cu.in. 4365 震源压力/P.S.I. 2000 震源阵列激发延时/ms 无 气枪沉放深度/m 5 电缆沉放深度/m 6 记录格式 SEG-D 8058 记录介质 IBM 3592磁带 
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