中国西北地区中晚全新世火历史集成重建与气候演化

刘剑波; 李建勇; 韩岳婷; 杨锐; 韩潇潇; 徐浩

doi:10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2023022302

中国西北地区中晚全新世火历史集成重建与气候演化

1.
西北大学城市与环境学院，西安 710127

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金“新疆西部博尔塔拉河流域相对花粉产量估算及其应用”（41801090）

详细信息

作者简介: 刘剑波（1999—），男，硕士研究生，主要从事第四纪环境研究， E-mail：2410386566@qq.com

通讯作者: 李建勇（1987—），男，教授，主要从事气候变化与植被生态恢复、人类活动与环境相互作用等方面的研究，E-mail: lijy@nwu.edu.cn

中图分类号: P532

收稿日期: 2023-02-23

修回日期: 2023-04-13

录用日期: 2023-04-13

刊出日期: 2024-02-28

Integrated reconstruction of fire history and climatic changes in Northwest China since mid-late Holocene

1.
College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China

More Information

Corresponding author: LI Jianyong, lijy@nwu.edu.cn

Received Date: 23 February 2023

Revised Date: 13 April 2023

Accepted Date: 13 April 2023

Publish Date: 28 February 2024

摘要

摘要:
为了探讨西北地区古火演化及其驱动机制，基于28个样点的炭屑和黑碳记录，集成重建该区8 kaBP的古火变化序列；同时结合古植被、古气候、历史文献等记录，分析了古火活动与气候变化和人类活动之间的关系。结果表明：西北地区中晚全新世火历史可以划分为4个阶段；① 火活动波动阶段（8～6 kaBP），古火事件发生频繁，主要受气候变化的影响；② 火活动平稳阶段（6～4 kaBP），气候趋于暖湿化，植被有所发展，贮藏了一定的燃烧质；③ 火活动快速上升阶段（4～2 kaBP），人类活动成为火事件的主要影响因素，古火活动频率呈现不断上升的趋势；④ 火活动大范围发生阶段（2～0 kaBP），气候由湿冷向干冷转化，生物质干燥易燃，农业快速发展，朝代更替和战争频繁，火活动异常剧烈。
- 炭屑 /
- 黑碳 /
- 火历史 /
- 气候演化 /
- 人类活动 /
- 西北地区
Abstract:
A total of 28 records of charcoal and black carbon were used to reconstruct the evolution and driving mechanism of paleofire events in Northwest China in the past 8 ka. Combined with paleovegetation, paleoclimate, and historical records, relationship among paleofire activity, climate change, and human impact was analyzed. Results show that during the middle and late Holocene, fire history in Northwest China can be divided into four stages: (1) the fluctuation stage of fire activity (8～6 kaBP), paleofire events occurred frequently and were mainly affected by climate change; (2) the stable stage of fire activity (6～4 kaBP), when the climate tended to be warm and humid, vegetation developed and stored a certain amount of combustible material; (3) the rapid rise stage of fire activity (4～2 kaBP), human activities became the main influencing factor for fire events, and the frequency of fire activities showed a rising trend; (4) the stage of large-scale fire activity (2～0 kaBP), the climate changed from wet-cold to dry-cold, biomass was dry and flammable, agriculture developed rapidly, dynasty changed and frequent wars occurred, and the fire activity was exceptionally intense.
- charcoal /
- black carbon /
- paleofire /
- climate evolution /
- human activities /
- Northwest China

HTML全文

图 1 本文综述的中国西北地区全新世炭屑、黑碳、孢粉沉积记录研究点位分布示意图

Figure 1.

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图 2 西北地区火活动及气候指标对比

Figure 2.

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图 3 氧同位素及碳酸盐指数对比

Figure 3.

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图 4 西北季风区与西风区火活动标准化指数对比

Figure 4.

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图 5 西北地区火历史与全国火历史及气候、植被指数对比

Figure 5.

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图 6 西北地区2 kaBP火历史与战争、气候指数对比

Figure 6.

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表 1 中国西北地区中晚全新世火记录不完全统计

Table 1. Statistics of the Middle and Late Holocene fire records (incomplete) in Northwest China

序号	点位	地点	位置	指标	研究方法	测年	文献
1	JYC	扶风蒋阳村	34°28′N、107°53′E	炭屑	薄片计数法	OSL	[21]
2	MJY	甘肃合水马家塬	36°2′N、108°10′E	炭屑	薄片计数法	OSL	[22]
3	HGZ	陇东后官寨	35°41′N、107°35′E	炭屑	薄片计数法	AMS ¹⁴C	[23]
4	QC	陇东桥村	38°39'N、100°43′E	炭屑	薄片计数法	AMS ¹⁴C	[23]
5	ZJC	甘肃平凉赵家村	35°41′51.9″N、106°52′57.8″E	炭屑	薄片计数法	OSL	[24]
6	YGZ	高陵杨官寨	34°28′13″N、109°0′59″E	炭屑	薄片计数法	AMS ¹⁴C	[25]
7	ETC	黄土高原二塘村	34°55′12″N、107°52′12″E	炭屑	薄片计数法	OSL	[26]
8	DXF-N	黄土高原东夏丰北	35°2′24″N、111°34′48″E	炭屑	薄片计数法	OSL	[26]
9	DXF-S	黄土高原东夏丰南	35°1′48″N、111°34′12″E	炭屑	薄片计数法	OSL	[26]
10	XJN	黄土高原徐建遗址	35°4′48″N、106°9′0″E	炭屑	薄片计数法	OSL	[26]
11	WLP	岐山五里铺	34°26′N、107°45′E	炭屑	薄片计数法	OSL	[27]
12	XDW	青藏高原下大武地区	35°0′6.9″N、99°15′37.7″E	炭屑	薄片计数法	AMS ¹⁴C	[28]
13	JXG	青海湖江西沟	36°35′25″N、100°17′47″E	炭屑	薄片计数法	AMS ¹⁴C	[29]
14	QLB	青海湖盆地	36°14′58″N、101°12′16″E	炭屑	薄片计数法	OSL	[27]
15	HL-1	青海可鲁克湖	37°16′N、96°54′E	炭屑	薄片计数法	AMS ¹⁴C	[30]
16	ZB08-C1	若尔盖盆地	33°27′N、102°38'E	炭屑	薄片计数法	AMS ¹⁴C	[31]
17	YHC	陕西白水尧禾村	35°4′27″N、109°16′45″E	炭屑	薄片计数法	OSL	[24]
18	XHC	咸阳长武	35°08′50″N、107°55′55.5″E	炭屑	薄片计数法	AMS ¹⁴C	[32]
19	WQ-1	新疆天山	44°97′N、80°11′E	炭屑	薄片计数法	AMS ¹⁴C	[33]
20	KE	青海共和盆地	35°38.7′N、101°06′E	炭屑	薄片计数法	AMS ¹⁴C	[34]
21	ALHK	新疆阿拉哈克盐湖	47°41′37″N、87°32′40.5″E	炭屑	薄片计数法	AMS ¹⁴C	[35]
22	DZP	青海高庙盆地	36°26′28″N、102°34′51″E	炭屑	薄片计数法	AMS ¹⁴C	[19]
23	SLMH	新疆赛里木湖	44°35′N、81°15′E	炭屑	薄片计数法	AMS ¹⁴C	[36]
24	CCC	宁夏彭阳	35°52′N、106°46′E	黑碳	化学氧化法	AMS ¹⁴C	[37]
25	CDL12A	青海草褡裢湖	37°3′50.4″N、100°27′43.2″E	黑碳	化学氧化法	AMS ¹⁴C	[38]
26	PG1950	新疆卡拉库里湖	38°26′20.4″N、75°3′25.2″E	黑碳	化学氧化法	AMS ¹⁴C	[38]
27	GSA07	六盘山天池	35°15′0″N、106°18′0″E	黑碳	化学氧化法	AMS ¹⁴C	[38]
28	YHC16A	陕西玉皇池	33°56′24″N、107°45′36″E	黑碳	化学氧化法	AMS ¹⁴C	[38]
29	HLGU	新疆乌伦古湖	47°15′43.2″N、87°9′21.6″E	孢粉	薄片计数法	AMS ¹⁴C	[39]
30	ML-1	新疆玛纳斯湖	45°48′10.44″N、85°57′33.84″E	孢粉	薄片计数法	AMS ¹⁴C	[40]
31	WN	陕西渭南	34°59′17.7″N、109°48′44.3″E	孢粉	薄片计数法	AMS ¹⁴C	[41]
32	SJC	青海三角城	38°38′49.2″N、102°33′7.2″E	孢粉	薄片计数法	AMS ¹⁴C	[42]
33	QJ-2000	青海湖	36°37′N、100°31′E	孢粉	薄片计数法	AMS ¹⁴C	[43]
34	JDG	甘肃九道沟	40°30′N、96°39′E	孢粉	薄片计数法	AMS ¹⁴C	[44]
35	MGH	新疆蘑菇湖湿地	44°25′39.3″N、85°54′35.6″E	孢粉	薄片计数法	AMS ¹⁴C	[45]
36	CTHC	新疆草滩湖村湿地	44°25′06″N、86°01.26′E	孢粉	薄片计数法	AMS ¹⁴C	[46]
37	DDHZ	新疆东道海子	44°41.7′N、89°33.5′E	孢粉	薄片计数法	AMS ¹⁴C	[47]

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