Migration of total chromium and chloride anion in the Rocha River used for estimating degradation of agricultural soil quality at the Thiu Rancho zone
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Abstract:
The Rocha River is a receptor to receive wastewater from household, hospital and industry, from where contaminants are transported in the river, affecting biodiversity and the ecosystem of the area. In this paper we estimated the maximum transport of total chromium and chloride anion by applying the analytical model of Ogata & Banks (1961), and the results obtained are grouped into three zones: Contaminated, transition, and uncontaminated. The analytical model was applied with 13 samples collected from the river piezometers installed near Rocha, where they are arranged in two lines, i.e. RH-1 to RH-6 as the first line and RH-9 to RH-12 as the second line. The total chromium concentrations range from 0.16 mg/L (RH-1) and 0.11 mg/L (RH-9) at the closest points to Rocha River, to 0.13 mg/L (RH-7) and 0.03 mg/L (RH-12) at the most remote points to the river. The advance of the pollutants does not exceed 50 meters with respect to the axis of the Rocha River.
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Key words:
- Total chromium /
- Chloride anion /
- Contamination /
- Rocha River /
- Thiu Rancho
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Table 1. Values of average hydraulic conductivity
Line RH-7 to RH-1 Distance
(m)Hvorslev K (m/s) Bouwer and rice K (m/s) Hvorslev
Kb (m/s)Bouwer and rice
Kb (m/s)Hvorslev K (m/day) Bouwer and rice K (m/day) RH-1 1.60 5.4E-05 4.1E-05 1.0E-06 8.0E-07 0.09 0.07 RH-2 5.15 7.7E-07 6.0E-07 RH-3 4.41 8.3E-07 6.3E-07 RH-4 1.73 7.9E-07 6.0E-07 RH-5 1.75 1.1E-06 8.1E-07 RH-6 1.74 2.5E-06 1.9E-06 Total (m) 17.24 Line RH-12 to RH-1 Distance
(m)Hvorslev K (m/s) Bouwer and rice K (m/s) Hvorslev
Kb (m/s)Bouwer and rice
Kb (m/s)Hvorslev K (m/day) Bouwer and rice K (m/day) RH-12 1.17 6.6E-07 5.0E-07 4.2E-06 3.2E-06 0.37 0.28 RH-11 2.18 6.4E-06 5.0E-06 RH-10 4.75 5.0E-06 3.7E-06 RH-9 4.59 1.7E-05 1.3E-05 RH-8 1.94 9.9E-06 7.6E-06 JRH-1 1.12 6.0E-06 4.4E-06 Total (m) 15.75 Average = 2.6E-06 2.0E-06 0.23 0.17 
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Table 2. Chloride concentrations and total chromium
01th Jul. 08th Sep. 22th Nov. Code E(m) N(m) Z
(m.a.s.l.)Cl-
(mg/L)Total Cr
(mg/L)Total Cr
(mg/kg)Cl-
(mg/L)Total Cr
(mg/L)Cl-
(mg/L)Total Cr
(mg/L)RH-1 785055.726 8069370.579 2 400.181 44.03 0.16 83 19.99 < 0.02 14.33 < 0.02 RH-2 785053.557 8069372.932 2 400.115 46.96 0.18 81.4 22.49 < 0.02 18.46 < 0.02 RH-3 785048.892 8069378.293 2 400.041 24.46 0.1 24.99 < 0.02 RH-4 785047.734 8069379.566 2 399.958 34.73 0.12 24.99 < 0.02 RH-5 785046.645 8069380.928 2 399.998 26.42 0.11 16 < 0.02 RH-6 785045.646 8069382.373 2 400.062 20.55 0.13 64 15 < 0.02 14.57 < 0.02 RH-7 785044.591 8069383.728 2 400.093 29.35 0.13 19.99 < 0.02 RH-8 785059.644 8069378.939 2 400.151 48.92 0.14 77.2 34.79 < 0.02 23.31 < 0.02 RH-9 785058.523 8069377.733 2 400.123 49.9 0.11 73.9 34.79 < 0.02 RH-10 785052.192 8069381.830 2 400.024 44.03 0.09 34.79 < 0.02 RH-11 785050.864 8069383.341 2 400.042 31.31 0.02 24.99 < 0.02 RH-12 785049.511 8069385.260 2 400.017 24.46 0.03 64.7 23.99 < 0.02 22.83 < 0.02 JRH-1 785061.514 8069377.719 2 400.018 24.99 < 0.02 18.46 < 0.02 Rocha River 784984.577 8070318.412 2 397.100 104.97 < 0, 02
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Table 3. Initial concentration and observed as a result of the application of analytical model of Ogata and Banks (1961)
Total chromium (mg/L) Chlorides (mg/L) Line Distance (m) Time (days) C/Co Co C C/Co Co C RH-1 to RH-6 15.51 30 0.29 0.44 0.13 0.25 84 20.79 RH-9 to RH-12 11.87 30 0.09 0.31 0.03 0.36 68 24.42 RH-1 to RH-6 25 30 0.09 0.44 0.04 0.05 84 4.37 RH-9 to RH-12 25 30 0.00 0.31 0.00 0.01 68 0.52 RH-1 to RH-6 50 30 5.80E-04 0.44 2.55E-04 1.04E-04 84 8.74E-03 RH-9 to RH-12 50 30 1.58E-12 0.31 4.90E-13 1.00E-07 68 6.80E-06
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