Soil Selenium Speciation in Cropland of Western Ankang and the Characteristics of Crop Selenium Enrichment
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摘要: 笔者在安康西部县域土壤地球化学调查评价基础上，研究了紫阳、汉阴两县农田土壤Se含量及赋存形态、主要农作物富Se能力特征。研究区农作物根系土Se平均含量为1.24×10-6～2.27×10-6，高于天然富硒土地划定标准（DD-2019-10）2.1～4.7倍。土壤中Se各形态含量占全量的比例由高到低排序为：残渣态（0.891×10-6）>腐殖酸结合态（0.255×10-6）>强有机结合态（0.217×10-6）>水溶态（0.015×10-6）≥碳酸盐结合态（0.015×10-6）>离子交换态（0.012×10-6）>铁锰氧化态（0.008×10-6）。8种农作物可食部位Se含量均达到或超过富硒农产品标准，农作物Se富集系数由大到小排序为：油菜（1.03）>水稻（0.47）>大蒜（0.36）>茶叶（0.20）>玉米（0.13）>红薯（0.11）、魔芋（0.10）>土豆（0.08）。建议当地农业生产充分利用土壤的Se资源，按照作物富Se能力大小合理规划种植结构。Abstract: On the basis of geochemical investigation and evaluation of the soil in western Ankang,Shaanxi province,this paper studies the soil selenium content, soil selenium speciation, and the characteristics of crop selenium enrichment in cropland of Ziyang and Hanyin County. The average content of selenium in soil of crop root is 1.24-2.27×10-6, 2.1 to 4.7 times higher than the standard for natural selenium-enriched land (DD-2019-10).The proportion of selenium speciation in soil from high to low is residual fraction (0.891×10-6)>humic acid compound (0.255×10-6)>strong organic combined fraction (0.217×10-6)>soluble fraction (0.015×10-6) ≥ carbonate bound fraction (0.015×10-6)>ion exchanged fraction (0.012×10-6)>Fe-Mn oxidized fraction (0.008×10-6).Selenium contents in the edible parts of 8 kinds of crops have met the standard of selenium-enriched agricultural products.The crop selenium enrichment coefficient from high to low is rape(1.03) > rice (0.47)>garlic (0.36)>tea (0.20)>corn (0.13)>sweet potato (0.11), konjak (0.10)>potato (0.08).It is suggested that the agricultural production should take full advantage of selenium resource and make reasonable plan for planting according to crop selenium enrichment.
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