Geological Characteristics, Ore-controlling Factors and Prospecting Criteria of Lateritic Gold Deposits
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摘要: 红土型金矿作为一种重要的金矿床类型逐渐被地质勘查工作者重视。在前人研究成果的基础上，结合在老挝那乌东金矿的野外勘查工作，详细阐述了红土型金矿床地质特征、矿床类型划分及主要控矿因素，指出几种重要的找矿标志。研究表明，根据红土型金矿风化壳剖面结构特征及与原生矿的关系，主要分为残积型和迁积型；风化壳剖面具有明显的垂直分带，矿体主要以层状、似层状、透镜状产于硬（铁）壳层、杂色黏土层、网纹状黏土层及含砾亚黏土层中；红土型金矿通常受构造、古气候、水文地质和地貌等控制；化探异常、富Au地质体或金矿体范围及其附近的红土层、红土风化壳剖面中的铁质带为红土型金矿的重要找矿标志。Abstract: Lateritic gold deposits are gradually being taken seriously geological exploration workers as an important gold deposit type. Based on the results of previous studies, combined the field exploration work of Nawudong gold deposit in Laos and characteristics of typical lateritic gold at home and broad, this paper expound in detail the geological characteristics of lateritic gold deposit and ore-controlling factors, point out prospecting criteria. According to the structural characteristics of the weathered crust profile and the relationship with the primary deposits, lateritic gold deposits are mainly divided into two types:residual type and transfer type. The weathering crust profile has obvious vertical zoning, and the ore bodies are mainly produced in hard (iron) crust, variegated clay layer, reticulated clay layer and gravel-bearing sub-clay layer in the form of layer, layer-like, and lens. Laterite gold deposits are usually controlled by structure, paleoclimate, hydrogeology and landform. The geochemical anomaly, gold-rich geological body or gold ore body range and the nearby red earth layer, the iron belt in the red earth weathering crust profile are important prospecting indicators for lateritic gold deposits.
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