Age of the Upper Ordovician Koumenzi Formation in the Lenglongling area of the North Qilian Mountain: The evidence from conodonts
-
摘要:
本文首次报道了北祁连冷龙岭地区上奥陶统扣门子组牙形石，共识别鉴定出牙形石5属，9种，其中3个未定种，根据牙形石的分布规律，建立了1个牙形石组合：Aphelognathus grandis - Panderodus gracilis组合。笔者通过对研究区牙形石组合与国内外其他地区相同层位的牙形石带对比，并结合扣门子组其它古生物化石资料，将北祁连冷龙岭地区扣门子组的时代重新厘定为晚奥陶世桑比期—赫南特期中期，相当于中国地层年表的艾家山期晚期—钱塘江期中期。
Abstract:Conodonts from the Upper Ordovician Koumenzi Formation in the Lenglongling area of the North Qilian Mountains are reported for the first time. Five genera and nine species of conodonts have been identified, including two undetermined species. On the basis of the characteristics of conodont fossil succession, a conodont assemblage has been established: the Aphelognathus grandis - Panderodus gracilis assemblage. We compared the conodont assemblages of the Koumenzi Formation with those at the same stratum at home and abroad. Combined with other fossil data for the Koumenzi Formation, the author concluded that the age of the Koumenzi Formation is the Kaidi-Middle Hernandian period, which is equivalent to the Late Aijiashan-Middle Qiantangjiang stage in the Chinese stratigraphic chronology.
-
Key words:
- North Qilian /
- Late Ordovician /
- Koumenzi Formation /
- conodont assemblage
-
-
[1] 安太庠, 1987. 中国南部早古生代牙形石[M]. 北京: 北京大学出版社.
An T X, 1987. Early Paleozoic conodonts in southern China[M]. Beijing: Peking University Press（in Chinese with English abstract）.
[2] 安太庠, 张放, 向维达, 等, 1983. 华北及邻区的牙形石[M]. 北京: 科学出版社.
An T X, Zhang F, Xiang W D et al., 1983. Conodonts in North China and adjacent areas[M]. Beijing: Science Press（in Chinese with English abstract）.
[3] 安太庠, 郑昭昌, 1990. 鄂尔多斯盆地周缘的牙形石[M]. 北京: 科学出版社.
An T X, Zheng Z C, 1990. Conodonts around the Ordos Basin[M]. Beijing: Science Press（in Chinese with English abstract）.
[4] Bergström S M, 1982. Biogeography, evolutionary relationship, and biostratigraphic significance of Ordovician platform conodonts [J]. Fossils and strata, 15: 35-58.
[5] Bergström S M, Finney S C, Chen X, et al., 1998. The base of the Nemagraptus gracilis Zone as the base of the global Upper Ordovician Series: Three potential stratotypes. Sixth International Graptolite Conference and 1998 Field Meeting, IUGS Subcommission on Silurian stratigraphy[C]. Temas Geologico-Mineros ITGE, 23: 148 − 151.
[6] Bergström S M, Finney S C, Chen X, et al. , 1999. The Dawangou section, Tarim Basin （Xingjiang Autonomous Region）, China: Potential as global stratotype for the base of the Nemagraptus gracilis Biozone and the base of the global Upper Ordovician Series[J]. Acta Universitatis Carolinae-Geologica, 43, 41-69.
[7] 陈旭, 戎嘉余, 樊隽轩, 等, 2000. 扬子区奥陶纪末赫南特亚阶的生物地层学研究[J]. 地层学杂志, 24（3）: 169-175. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4959.2000.03.001
Chen X, Rong J Y, Fan J X, et al., 2000. Biostratigraphy of the Hirnantian Substage in the Yangtze Region[J]. Journal of stratigraphy, 24（3）: 169 − 175（in Chinese with English abstract）. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4959.2000.03.001
[8] 陈旭, 王志浩, 2003. 上奥陶统底界全球辅助层型剖面在我国的确立[J]. 地层学杂志, 27（3）: 263-264.
Chen X and Wang Z H, 2003. Global auxiliary stratotype section of the Upper Ordovician in China[J]. Journal of stratigraphy, 27（3）: 263-264
[9] 樊茹, 卢远征, 张学磊, 等, 2015. 贵州习水奥陶系牙形石生物地层[J]. 地层学杂志, 39（1）: 15-32. doi: 10.19839/j.cnki.dcxzz.2015.01.002
Fan R, Lu Y Z, Zhang X L, et al. , 2015. Ordovician conodont biostratigraphy of the Ordovician Liangcun section in Guizhou Province, South China[J]. Journal of Stratigraphy, 39（1）: 15-32. doi: 10.19839/j.cnki.dcxzz.2015.01.002
[10] Finnegan S, Bergmann K, Eiler J M, et al. , 2011. The magnitude and duration of Late Ordovician-early Silurian glaciation [J]. Science, 331: 903-906. doi: 10.1126/science.1200803
[11] Finnegan S, Heim N A, Peters S E, et al. , 2012. Climate change and the selective signature of the Late Ordovician mass extinction[J]. Proc . Natl . Acad . Science , 109, 6829-6834.
[12] Fortey R A, Cocks L, 2005. Late Ordovician global warming- the Bodaevent[J]. Geology, 33, 405-408.
[13] 纪占胜, 姚建新, 杨欣德, 等, 2003. 西藏拉萨地区三叠系诺利阶牙形石分带及其国际对比[J]. 古生物学报, 42（3）: 382-392. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0001-6616.2003.03.006
Ji Z S, Yao J X, Yang X D, et al. , 2003. Conodont zonations of Norian in Lhasa area, Xizang（Tibet） and their Global correlaition[J]. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica 42（3） : 382 − 392（in Chinese with English abstract）. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0001-6616.2003.03.006
[14] 江大勇, 郝维城, 白顺良, 等, 2001. 新疆巴楚小海子剖面泥盆系Frasnian-Famennian界线[J]. 地层学杂志, 25（4）: 294-298. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4959.2001.04.010
Jiang D Y, Hao W C, Bai S L, et al. , 2001. Frasnian-Famaennian boundary （Devonian） of the Xiaohaizi section at Bachu, Xinjiang[J]. Journal of Stratigraphy, 25（4）: 294-298. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4959.2001.04.010
[15] 姜怀诚, 安泰庠, 1985. 四川东南部奥陶纪牙形石生物地层[J]. 微体古生物学报, 2（1）: 14-28.
Jiang H C, An T Y, 1985, Conodont biostratigraphy of the Ordovician of South East Sichuan[J]. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 2（1）: 14-28.
[16] 景秀春, 2009. 塔里木盆地奥陶纪台地相区牙形石纪寒武-奥陶系界线[D]. 北京: 中国地质大学.
Jing X C, 2009. The Ordovician Conodonts and the Cambrian-Ordovician boundary at the platform facies Cambrian-Ordovician boundary at the platform facies[D]. China University of Geosciences（in Chinese with English abstract）.
[17] 景秀春, 杜品德, 张放, 等, 2007. 塔里木盆地亚科瑞克剖面奥陶系牙形石生物地层初步研究[J]. 地质论评, 53（2）: 170-177. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0371-5736.2007.02.004
Jing X C, Du P D, Z hang F, et al. , 2007, A Preliminary Study on the Ordovician Conodont Biostratigraphy at the Yakrik Section, Northwestern Margin of the Tarim Basin, Xinjiang[J]. Geological Review, 53（2）: 170-177. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0371-5736.2007.02.004
[18] 李猛, 查显峰, 胡朝斌, 等, 2021. 东昆仑西段阿确墩地区白沙河岩组锆石U-Pb年龄——对前寒武纪基底演化的约束[J]. 地质通报, 40（1）: 41-57.
Li M, Zha X F, Hu C B, et al. 2021. Zircon U-Pb geochronology of the Baishahe Formation in the western part of East Kunlun Orogenic Belt: Constraints on Precambrian basement evolution[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 40（1）: 41 − 57（in Chinese with English abstract）.
[19] 李忠雄, 管士平, 钱咏臻, 2001a. 扬子地台西缘宁蒗-盐源地区志留系牙形刺生物地层特征[J]. 地球学报, 22（3）: 253-257.
Li Z X, Guan S P, Qian Y Z, 2001a. The Silurian Conodont Biostratigraphical Characteristics of Ninlang-Yanyuan Region on the Western Margin of Yangtze Block[J]. Acta Geoscientia Sinica.
[20] 李忠雄, 钱咏臻, 2001b. 扬子地台西缘志留系牙形刺研究新进展[J]. 沉积与特提斯地质, 21（3）: 87-101.
Li Z X, Qian Y Z, 2001b. New progress in the study of Silurian conodonts on the western margin of the Yangtze Platform [J]. Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology, 21（3）: 253-257.
[21] 林宝玉, 1982.中国奥陶纪珊瑚群[M]// 林宝玉, 中国的奥陶系 . 北京: 地质出版社.
Lin B Y, 1982. Ordovician corals in China [M]//Lin B Y. Ordovician in China. Beijing: Science Press（in Chinese with English abstract）.
[22] Lindström M, 1971. Lower Ordovician conodonts of Europe[J]. Geological Society of America Memoir, 127: 23-59.
[23] 马雪莹, 樊茹, 卢远征, 等, 2019. 重庆南川地区中奥陶统—上奥陶统牙形石序列及地质意义[J]. 石油学报, 40（5）: 577-586. doi: 10.7623/syxb201905007
Ma X Y, Fan R, Lu Y Z, et al. , 2019. Middle Upper Ordovician conodont sequence and its geological significance in Nanchuan area, Chongqing[J]. Journal of petroleum, 40 （5）: 577-586. doi: 10.7623/syxb201905007
[24] 梅仕龙, 1995. 河南内乡晚奥陶世石燕河组牙形石及其地质意义[J]. 古生物学报, 34（6）: 674-689. doi: 10.19800/j.cnki.aps.1995.06.002
Mei S L, 1995. Biostratigraphy and tectonic implication of Late Ordovician conodonts from Shiyanhe Formation Nei xiang Henan[J] . Acta palaeontologica Sinica, 34（6）: 674-689. doi: 10.19800/j.cnki.aps.1995.06.002
[25] 穆恩之, 张文堂, 俞昌民等, 1962. 祁连山南坡大柴且、欧龙布鲁克―带及北坡玉门、肃南门源、祁连区地层概况[M]//全国地层委员会, 全国地层会议学术报告汇编, 兰州地层及煤矿地层现场会议. 北京: 科学出版社.
Mu E Z, Zhang W T, Yu C M, et al., 1962. Stratigraphic overview of dachaihe and oulongbrooke belts on the southern slope of Qilian Mountains and Yumen, sunanmenyuan and Qilian areas on the northern slope[M]//The national stratigraphic Committee, The compilation of academic reports of the national stratigraphic conference, and the Lanzhou stratigraphic and coal mine stratigraphic field meeting. Beijing: Geological Publishing House（in Chinese with English abstract）.
[26] Miller J F , Evans K R , Loch J D , et al. 2003. Stratigraphy of the Sauk III Interval （Cambrian-Ordovician） in the Ibex Area, Western Millard County, Utah and Central Texas[J]. Brigham Young University Geology Studies, 47: 23 − 118.
[27] Pei F, 2000, Qinling faunal region-The third Ordovician faunal region: international correlation [J]. Acta Geologica Sinica （English Edition）, 74（2）: 137-142.
[28] Pyle L J, Barnes G P, 2002. Taxonomy, Evolution, and Biostratigraphy of conodonts from the Kechika Formation, Skoki Formation, and Road Riber Group （Upper Cambrian to Lower Silurian）, Northeastern British Columbia[M]. Apublication of the National Research Council of Canada Monograph Publishing Program, NRC Research Press, 227+29.
[29] Song S, Niu Y, Zhang L, et a1. , 2009. Tectonic evolution of early Paleozoic HP metamorphic rocks in the North Qilian Mountains, Nw China: New perspectives[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 16（2）: 285-293.
[30] Sweet W C, 1984. Graphic correlation of Upper Middle and Upper Ordovician rocks, North American, Midcontinent Province, USA. In: Bruton D L（eds）, Aspects of the Ordovician System[J]. Geological Magazine, 295: 23 − 35.
[31] 王成源. 1979. 广西象州四排组的几种牙形刺[J]. 古生物学报, 18（4）: 395 − 408.
Wang C Y, 1979. Some conodonts from the Sipai formation in Xiangzhou of Guangxi[J]. Journal of Paleontology, 18（4）: 395 − 408（in Chinese with English abstract）.
[32] 王成源, 1980. 云南曲靖上志留统牙形刺[J]. 古生物学报, 19（5）: 363-377. doi: 10.19800/j.cnki.aps.1980.05.003
Wang C Y, 1980. Upper Silurian conodonts from Qujing district, Yunan[J]. Journal of Paleontology, 19（5）: 363-377. doi: 10.19800/j.cnki.aps.1980.05.003
[33] 王成源. 1993. 下扬子地区牙形刺—生物地层与有机变质成熟度的指标．北京: 科学出版社．
Wang C Y, 1993. Conodont in the Lower Yangtze region: indicators of biostratigraphic and organic metamorphic maturity(M). Beijing: Science Press.
[34] 王荃, 刘雪亚, 1976. 我国西部祁连山区的古海洋地壳及其大地构造意义[J]. 地质科学, （1）: 42-55.
Wang Q, Liu X Y, 1976. Paleo-oceanic crust of the Chelieshan Region, Western China[J]. Chinese Journal of Geology, （1）: 42-55.
[35] 汪啸风, 2002. 长江三峡地区珍贵地质遗迹保护和太古宙—中生代多重地层划分与海平面升降变化[M]. 北京: 地质出版社.
Wang X F, 2002. The protection of precious geological relics in the Three Gorges area of the Yangtze River and the multiple stratigraphic division and sea-level rise and fall of the Archean Mesozoic Era[M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House（in Chinese with English abstract）.
[36] 汪啸风, 陈旭, 陈孝红, 等, 1996. 中国地层典—奥陶系[M]. 北京: 地质出版社.
Wang X F, Chen X, Chen X H, et al., 1996. Chinese stratigraphic -The Ordovician System[M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House（in Chinese with English abstract）.
[37] 王志浩, 伯格斯特龙, 莱恩, 1996. 中国奥陶纪牙形刺分区和生物地理[J]. 古生物学报, 35（1）: 26-59.
Wang Z H, M. Bergstrom, H. Richard Lane, 1996. Conodont provingces and biostratigraphy in Ordivician of China[J]. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, 35（1）: 26-59.
[38] 王志浩, 祁玉平, 吴荣昌, 2011. 中国寒武纪和奥陶纪牙形刺[M]. 中国科学技术大学出版社, 17 − 40.
Wang Z H, Qi Y P, Wu R C, 2011. Cambrian and Ordovician conodonts in China[M]. China University of science and Technology Press, 17 − 40（in Chinese with English abstract）.
[39] 王志浩, 甄勇毅, 马譞, 等, 2017. 重庆石柱漆辽地区中、上奥陶统牙形刺序列——揭示达瑞威尔阶下部至桑比阶之间的沉积间断[J]. 古生物学报, 56（1）: 37-53. doi: 10.19800/j.cnki.aps.2017.01.005
Wang Z H, Zhen Y Y, Ma X, et al. , 2017. Middle to Upper Ordovician conodont succession from the Qiliao section of Shizhu, Chongqing——revealing depositional Hiatus between Lower Darriwilian and Sandbian[J]. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, 56（1）: 37- 53. doi: 10.19800/j.cnki.aps.2017.01.005
[40] Wang Z H, Bergström S M, Richard H, 1996. Conodont provinces and biostratigraphy in Ordovician of China[J]. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, 35（1）: 26-59.
[41] Webby B D, 1995. Towards an Ordovician time Scale. In: Cooper eds. Ordovician Odyssey: Short papers for the seventh international Symposium on the Ordovician system[J]. California: SEPM, 405-408.
[42] Webby B D, 1998. Steps towards global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy[J]. Newsletter of Stratigraphy, 36（1）: 1-33. doi: 10.1127/nos/36/1998/1
[43] 伍鸿基. 1977, 西南地区志留-泥盆纪三叶虫的新属种及其地层意义[J]. 古生物学报, （1）: 97 − 121.
Wu H J, 1977, Comments on new genera and species of Silurian- Devonian triobites in Southwest China and Their significance[J]. Journal of Paleontology, （1）: 97 − 121（in Chinese with English abstract）.
[44] 夏林圻, 夏祖春, 徐学义, 1995. 北祁连山构造-火山岩浆演化动力学[J]. 西北地质科学, （1）: 1-28.
Xia L Q, Xia Z C, Xu X Y, 1995. Dynamics of tectono-volcano-magmatic evolution from North Qilian mountains, China[J]. Northwest Geosicience, （1）: 1-28.
[45] 肖序常, 陈国铭, 朱志直, 1978. 祁连山古蛇绿岩的地质构造意义[J]. 地质学报, 54（1）: 287-295.
Xiao X C, Chen G M, Zhu Z Z, 1978. A preliminary study on the tectonics of ancient ophiolites in the Qilian mountain Northwest China[J]. Acta Geological Sinica, 54（1）: 287-295.
[46] Xiu C J, Svend S, Ling D, et al. , 2017. Upper Ordovician conodont biostratigraphy and biofacies from the Sigang section, Neixiang, Henan, central China[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 18-32.
[47] 许志琴, 徐惠芬, 张建新, 等. 1994. 北祁连走廊南山加里东俯冲杂岩增生地体及其动力学[J]. 地质学报, 68（1）: 1 − 14.
Xu Z Q, Xu H F, Zhang J X, et al., 1994. The Zhoulangnanshan Caledonian subductive complex in the Northern Qilian mountains and its dynamics[J]. Acta Geological Sinica, 68（1）: 1 − 14（in Chinese with English abstract）.
[48] 俞昌民, 1962. 北祁连山中志留世珊瑚化石.祁连山地质志（第四卷·第三分册）[M]. 北京: 科学出版社.
Yu C M, 1962. Middle Silurian Coral fossils in the North Qilian Mountains. Geological records of the Qilian Mountains（Volume IV, Book 3）[M].Beijing: Science Press（in Chinese with English abstract）.
[49] Zhang J H, 1998. Four evolutionary lineages of the Middle Ordovician conodont family polyplacognathidae. Meddelanden från Stockholms Universitets Institution för Geologi och Geokemi , 298(5): 1 − 34.
[50] 张建新, 许志琴, 陈文, 等, 1997. 北祁连中段俯冲-增生杂岩/火山弧的时代探讨[J]. 岩石矿物学杂志, 16（2）: 12-119.
Zhang J X, Xu Z Q, Chen W, et al. , 1997. A Tentative Discussion on the Ages of the Subduction-Accretionary Complex / Volcanic Arcs in the Middle Sector of North Qilian Mountain[J]. Acta Petrologica Et Mineralogica, 16（2）: 12-119.
[51] 赵凤游, 1978. 北祁连山东段上奥陶统及其对比问题[J]. 地质学报, 52（2）: 135-147.
Zhao F Y, 1978. The Upper Ordovician in the Eastern part of the Northern Chilienshan and its correlation[J]. Acta Geological Sinica, 52（2）: 135-147.
[52] 赵治信, 张桂芝, 1991. 塔里木盆地井下奥陶纪牙形石及地层[M]//塔里木盆地油气勘探论文集.乌鲁木齐: 新疆科技卫生出版社.
Zhao Z X, Zhang G Z, 1991. Ordovician conodonts and strata in the Tarim Basin[M]//Collected papers on oil and gas exploration in Tarim Basin. Urumqi: Xinjiang science and Technology Health Press（in Chinese with English abstract）.
[53] 赵治信, 张桂芝, 肖继南, 2000. 新疆古生代地层及牙形石[M]. 北京: 石油工业出版社.
Zhao Z X, Zhang G Z, Xiao J N, 2000. Paleozoic strata and conodonts in Xinjiang[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press（in Chinese with English abstract）.
[54] Zhen Y Y, Liu J B, Percival I G, . 2005. Revision of two prioniodontid species （Gononta） from the Early Ordovician Honghuayuan Formation og Guizhou, South China. Records of the Australian Museum, 57（2）: 303 − 320.
[55] 周志强, 曹宣铎, 赵江天, 等, 1996. 祁连山东部早古生代地层和沉积一构造演化[J]. 西北地质科学, 7（1）: 1-58.
Zhou Z Q, Cao X D, Zhao J T, et al. , 1996. Early Paleozoic stratigraphy and sedimentary tectonic evolution in Eastern Qilian Mountains, China[J]. Northwest geoscience, 7 （1）: 1-58.
[56] Zigler W（ed.）. Catalogue. IV, E, 1981. Schweizerbart'sche （Stuttgart）, 27-56, 193 − 217.
[57] 邹光富, 毛琼, 陈永明, 等. 2006. 西藏南部珠穆朗玛峰地区三叠纪生物地层研究[J]. 地质论评, （3）: 386 − 395.
Zou G F, Mao Q, Chen Y M, et al., 2006. A Research into Triassic Biostratigraphy of the Qomolongma Area in Southern Xizang （Tibet） [J]. Geological review, （3）: 386 − 395（in Chinese with English abstract）.
-
下载:
图(5)
计量
- 文章访问数: 850
- PDF下载数: 371
- 施引文献: 0