Study on Comprehensive Recovery and Utilization of a Low-grade Gold-Copper Ore in Fujian
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摘要:
福建某低品位金铜混合矿石含Au 0.36 g/t、Cu 0.29%、Ag 7.4 g/t、S 4.02%，若直接氰化，铜进入金氰化浸出系统，不但得不到回收，还会恶化选金指标，增加生产成本。针对该低品位金铜混合矿，采用浮选+氰化联合工艺进行选别。浮选作业考察了磨矿细度、石灰用量、捕收剂种类、分散剂种类对浮选指标的影响，结果表明，在磨矿细度为-0.074 mm 60%、石灰用量为1500 g/t、Z-200作捕收剂、水玻璃作分散剂时，浮选效果最佳，闭路实验获得铜精矿含Au 16.74 g/t、Cu 20.21%，金、铜回收率分别为61.90%和87.09%。将浮选尾矿进行氰化浸出，考察了氰化钠浓度和氰化时间对金浸出率的影响，结果显示，在氰化钠初始浓度300 mg/L浸出24 h，金浸出率为71.26%。全流程Au回收率达到89.05%，Cu回收率达到87.09%，最终达到综合高效回收矿石中金铜的目的，为此类资源的开发提供了技术支撑。
Abstract:A low-grade gold-copper mixed ore in Fujian contains Au 0.36 g/t, Cu 0.29%, Ag 7.4 g/t, S 4.02%. If it is directly cyanidized, copper enters the gold cyanide leaching system, not only cannot be recovered, It will also worsen the gold selection index and increase production costs.For this low-grade gold-copper mixed ore, a combined flotation and cyanidation process is used for sorting. The flotation operation investigated the influence of the fineness of ore grinding, the amount of lime, the type of collector, and the type of dispersant on the flotation index.The results show that the flotation effect is the best when the grinding fineness is -0.074 mm 60%, the amount of lime is 1500 g/t, when Z-200 is used as a collector, and when water glass is used as a dispersant. The ore contains Au 16.74 g/t, Cu 20.21%, and the gold and copper recovery rates are 61.90% and 87.09%, respectively.The flotation tailings were leached by cyanidation, and the influence of sodium cyanide concentration and cyanidation time on the gold leaching rate was investigated. The results showed that the gold leaching rate was 71.26% after leaching at the initial concentration of sodium cyanide 300 mg/L for 24 hours. The recovery rate of Au in the whole process reached 89.05%, and the recovery rate of Cu reached 87.09%, finally achieving the goal of comprehensive and efficient recovery of gold and copper in the ore, providing technical support for the development of such resources.
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Key words:
- Low grade gold copper mixed ore /
- Flotation /
- Cyanidation /
- Comprehensive recovery
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表 1 原矿多元素分析结果 /%
Table 1. Multi-element analysis results of raw ore
Au* Cu TS Al2O3 SiO2 Ag* Fe 0.36 0.29 4.02 9.70 70.66 7.40 2.23 As MgO CaO Na2O K2O Sn Zn 0.078 <0.01 0.12 0.072 1.08 <0.01 <0.01 *单位为g/t。 
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表 2 铜化学物相分析结果
Table 2. Copper chemical phase analysis results
相名 自由氧化铜 结合氧化铜 次生硫化铜 原生硫化铜 合计 含量/% 0.024 0.032 0.208 0.02 0.284 占有率/% 8.45 11.27 73.24 7.04 100.00
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表 3 金化学物相分析结果
Table 3. Gold chemical phase analysis results
相名 单体＋连生金 硫化物包裹金 硅酸盐＋其他包裹金 合 计 含量/% 0.18 0.12 0.05 0.35 占有率/% 51.43 34.29 14.28 100.00
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表 4 捕收剂种类对浮选指标的影响结果
Table 4. Effect of collector type on the flotation performance
捕收剂种类 产品名称 产率/% 品位/% 回收率/% Au* Cu Au Cu Z-200 粗精矿 8.66 2.36 2.96 63.25 89.48 尾矿 91.34 0.130 0.033 36.75 10.52 原矿 100.00 0.323 0.286 100.00 100.00 丁铵黑药 粗精矿 8.19 2.25 3.05 52.72 87.18 尾矿 91.81 0.180 0.040 47.28 12.82 原矿 100.00 0.350 0.287 100.00 100.00 丁基黄药 粗精矿 7.82 2.11 3.21 51.29 88.25 尾矿 92.18 0.170 0.035 48.71 11.75 原矿 100.00 0.322 0.283 100.00 100.00 BK302A 粗精矿 6.93 3.05 3.67 62.55 87.79 尾矿 93.07 0.136 0.038 37.45 12.21 原矿 100.00 0.338 0.290 100.00 100.00 BK901B 粗精矿 7.91 2.65 3.24 62.26 88.55 尾矿 92.09 0.138 0.036 37.74 11.45 原矿 100.00 0.337 0.289 100.00 100.00 *单位为g/t。
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表 5 分散剂种类对浮选指标的影响结果
Table 5. Effect of dispersant type on the flotation performance
分散剂种类 产品名称 产率/% 品位/% 回收率/% Au* Cu Au Cu 400 g/t 水玻璃 粗精矿 8.86 2.82 3.12 68.86 88.35 尾矿 91.14 0.124 0.040 31.14 11.65 原矿 100.00 0.363 0.313 100.00 100.00 600 g/t 碳酸钠 粗精矿 8.76 2.77 3.07 65.51 87.79 尾矿 91.24 0.140 0.041 34.49 12.21 原矿 100.00 0.370 0.306 100.00 100.00 300 g/t六偏磷酸钠 粗精矿 8.98 2.52 3.02 63.65 88.95 尾矿 91.02 0.142 0.037 36.35 11.05 原矿 100.00 0.356 0.305 100.00 100.00 *单位为g/t。
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表 6 闭路实验结果
Table 6. Closed circuit test results
产品名称 产率/% 品位/% 回收率/% Au* Cu Au Cu 精 矿 1.35 16.74 20.21 61.90 87.09 尾 矿 98.65 0.141 0.041 38.10 12.91 原 矿 100.00 0.365 0.313 100.00 100.00 *单位为 g/t。
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