羧酸对低阶煤泥浮选的促进作用研究

王晖; 李志红; 樊民强; 高建川

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2023.02.009

羧酸对低阶煤泥浮选的促进作用研究

1.
太原理工大学矿业工程学院，山西　太原　030024

2.
山西焦煤集团有限责任公司煤炭洗选加工部，山西　太原　030024

基金项目: 山西省自然科学基金资助项目（201801D121054）

详细信息

作者简介: 王晖（1994－），男，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为煤泥浮选药剂

通讯作者: 李志红（1970－），女，副教授，博士，主要研究方向为矿物浮选

中图分类号: TD985;TD94

收稿日期: 2021-03-11

刊出日期: 2023-04-25

Study on Promoting Effect of Carboxylic Acid on Flotation of Low-rank Coal

1.
School of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China

2.
Coal Washing and Processing Department of Shanxi Coking Coal Group Co., Ltd, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China

More Information

Corresponding author: Li Zhihong, 1828216770@qq.com

Received Date: 11 March 2021

Publish Date: 25 April 2023

摘要

摘要:
低阶煤表面含氧量高，表面疏水性差，柴油难以在煤表面高效吸附，药剂消耗量大，浮选效果不理想。将柴油与羧酸类的油酸、月桂酸、正癸酸、正辛酸复配对大同侏罗纪低阶煤进行浮选实验，基于煤样的表面性质对复配药剂的作用机理进行研究。结果表明：除正辛酸外，油酸、月桂酸、正癸酸的加入均会有效提高实验的浮选效果，油酸、月桂酸的提升效果最明显，相比于单独使用柴油在达到同等的浮选效果时节油率可达50%。此外油酸、月桂酸的加入可有效增加煤样表面的接触角，使煤样更疏水，正癸酸的效果弱于油酸与月桂酸。10%质量分数的四种羧酸与柴油的复配药剂中以油酸的复配药剂在矿浆中的分散粒径最小，月桂酸次之；且通过XPS分析，发现油酸的加入可有效增加煤样的C-C,C-H疏水性含氧官能团，降低C-O亲水性含氧官能团。药剂的分散性有效改善以及药剂作用后煤样的亲水性减弱，疏水性增强使浮选效果得到提升。
- 低阶煤 /
- 浮选 /
- 复配药剂 /
- 羧酸 /
- 接触角 /
- 药剂分散 /
- 含氧官能团
Abstract:
The surface oxygen content of low rank coal is high and the surface hydrophobicity is poor. It is difficult for diesel oil to adsorb on the coal surface efficiently. The reagent consumption is large and the flotation effect is not ideal. In this paper, diesel oil and carboxylic acid of oleic acid, lauric acid, decanoic acid and octanoic acid were combined to carry out flotation test on Datong Jurassic low rank coal. The results show that the addition of oleic acid, lauric acid and decanoic acid can effectively improve the flotation effect, and oleic acid and lauric acid have the most obvious effect. Compared with diesel oil alone, the oil rate can reach 50%. In addition, the addition of oleic acid and lauric acid can effectively increase the contact angle of coal sample surface and make the coal sample more hydrophobic. The effect of n-decanoic acid is weaker than that of oleic acid and lauric acid. Among the four carboxylic acids with 10% mass fraction and diesel oil, oleic acid has the smallest particle size in slurry, followed by lauric acid; and through XPS analysis, it is found that oleic acid can effectively increase the C-C, C-H hydrophobic oxygen-containing functional groups of coal samples, and reduce the C-O hydrophilic oxygen-containing functional groups. The dispersion of the reagent is improved effectively, and the hydrophilicity of the coal sample is weakened, and the hydrophobicity is enhanced, which improves the flotation effect.
- Low rank coal /
- Flotation /
- Compound reagent /
- Carboxylic acid /
- Contact angle /
- Reagent dispersion /
- Oxygen containing functional groups

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图 1 实验煤样的XRD

Figure 1.

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图 2 羧酸质量分数对精煤产率的影响

Figure 2.

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图 3 羧酸质量分数对精煤灰分的影响

Figure 3.

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图 4 羧酸质量分数对尾煤灰分的影响

Figure 4.

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图 5 羧酸质量分数对可燃体回收率的影响

Figure 5.

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图 6 不同方式药剂处理后煤样的接触角变化

Figure 6.

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图 7 捕收剂的粒径分布

Figure 7.

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图 8 实验煤样的C1s分峰拟合曲线

Figure 8.

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图 9 油酸处理后煤样的C1s分峰拟合曲线

Figure 9.

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表 1 试样的工业分析和元素分析

Table 1. Proximate and ultimate analysis of coal samples

工业分析	空干基水分M_ad/%	空干基灰分A_ad/%		挥发分 V_ad/%	固定碳 FC_ad/%
数值	2.80	23.98		23.70	49.52

元素分析	C/%	H/%	N/%	O/%	S/%
数值	62.20	3.37	0.72	7.96	1.07

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表 2 煤样的粒度组成

Table 2. Particle size composition of coal sample

粒级/mm	产率/%	灰分/%	筛上累计
粒级/mm	产率/%	灰分/%	产率/%	灰分/%
0.25~＜0.50	23.16	15.93	23.16	15.93
0.125~＜0.25	33.81	18.36	56.97	17.37
0.074~＜0.125	11.20	25.83	68.17	18.76
0.045~＜0.074	7.40	27.20	75.57	19.59
0~＜0.045	24.43	38.74	100.00	24.27
总计	100.00	24.27

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表 3 实验药剂

Table 3. Testing potion

类型	名称	分子式	规格
烃类油	柴油		试剂纯
羧酸	油酸	C₁₈H₃₆O₂	试剂纯
	月桂酸	C₁₂H₂₄O₂	试剂纯
	正癸酸	C₁₀H₂₀O₂	试剂纯
	正辛酸	C₈H₁₆O₂	试剂纯
起泡剂	仲辛醇	C₈H₁₈O	试剂纯

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表 4 柴油浮选实验结果

Table 4. Results of conventional flotation test

药剂用量/（g·t^-1）			产品指标/%
捕收剂	仲辛醇	精煤产率	精煤灰分	尾煤灰分	可燃体回收率	浮选完善指标
3000	200	76.32	7.82	79.20	93.46	69.33
2000	200	75.53	7.87	75.75	92.14	67.85
1000	200	73.44	7.32	72.24	90.23	68.34
3000	100	76.90	8.36	80.43	93.97	68.26
2000	100	76.37	7.72	78.62	93.31	69.22
1000	100	71.33	7.26	68.49	87.98	67.12
1000	50	58.33	6.95	48.04	71.48	54.64
500	100	64.21	7.10	54.80	78.67	59.79
500	50	43.09	6.39	38.03	53.35	42.06

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表 5 捕收剂中位径测试结果

Table 5. Test results of median diameter of collector

药剂	柴油	10%正辛酸+90%柴油	10%正癸酸+90%柴油	10%月桂酸+90%柴油	10%油酸+90%柴油
粒径 /μm	72.75	68.84	63.84	56.01	46.07

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表 6 油酸处理前后官能团含量对比

Table 6. Comparison of functional group content before and after oleic acid treatment

结合能/eV	碳元素存在形式	加药前含量/%	加药后含量/%
284.8	C-C,C-H	76.47	83.34
286.2	C-O	19.81	12.15
287.5	C=O	2.78	3.43
290.0	COO^-	0.94	1.08

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