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摘要:
这是一篇矿物加工工程领域的文章。重晶石是一种重要的非金属矿物，具有比重大、无毒、无磁性、易吸收射线等特点，主要用于石油天然气钻井泥浆加重剂、制备含钡化工产品和钡合金，我国是重晶石的主要出口国。本文对贵州某地低品位重晶石进行选矿实验研究，用碳酸钠作调整剂、水玻璃作抑制剂、十二烷基硫酸钠作捕收剂，经过“一粗一扫二精”的闭路流程实验，取得了BaSO4品位90.38%、回收率91.78%的重晶石精矿，实验技术指标良好，精矿达到化工用重晶石一等品要求。本研究成果可为重晶石资源的开发利用提供重要的技术支撑和参考。
Abstract:This is an essay in the field of mineral processing engineering. Barite is an important non-metallic mineral with the characteristics of large proportion, non-toxic, non-magnetic, easy to absorb rays, etc. It is mainly used for oil and gas drilling mud weighting agent, preparation of barium-containing chemical products and barium alloys. China is a major exporter of barite. This paper conducts beneficiation test research on low-grade barite ore from Guizhou, China. After the closed-circuit test of “one roughing, one scavenging and two cleaning”, sodium carbonate as regulator, water glass as inhibitor and sodium dodecyl sulfate as collector, a barite concentrate with a BaSO4 grade of 90.38% and a recovery of 91.78% has been obtained. The test technical indicators are good, and the concentrate meets the requirements of the first grade chemical barite. The research results can provide important technical support and reference for the development and utilization of barite resources.
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Key words:
- Mineral processing engineering /
- Barite /
- Flotation /
- Technological process
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表 1 原矿化学多元素分析结果/%
Table 1. Chemical multi-element analysis results of raw ore
BaSO4 CaF2 SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 CaO MgO K2O Na2O P2O5 V2O5 67.42 2.08 11.77 0.69 0.45 7.66 0.89 0.20 0.16 1.16 0.13 
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表 2 矿石的矿物含量/%
Table 2. Mineral contents of ore
重晶石 石英 方解石 白云石 磷灰石 萤石 石膏 伊利石 褐铁矿 黄铁矿、方铅矿等 66.9 10.7 9.1 5.4 2.6 1.9 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.0
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表 3 精选条件实验结果
Table 3. Test results of cleaning condition
药剂条件/（g/t） 产品名称 作业产率/% BaSO4品位/% BaSO4作业回收率/% 精选Ⅰ：空白
精选Ⅱ：空白精Ⅱ精矿 78.15 87.15 80.62 中矿2 10.11 84.93 10.16 中矿1 11.74 66.29 9.22 粗精矿 100.00 84.48 100.00 精选Ⅰ：Na2CO31000
水玻璃500
精选Ⅱ：Na2CO3500
水玻璃250精Ⅱ精矿 78.60 90.72 82.36 中矿2 12.86 81.17 12.06 中矿1 8.54 56.58 5.58 粗精矿 100.00 86.58 100.00 精选Ⅰ：Na2CO31500
水玻璃1000
精选Ⅱ：Na2CO31000
水玻璃500精Ⅱ精矿 76.30 89.4 79.66 中矿2 17.12 83.02 16.60 中矿1 6.58 46.65 3.74 粗精矿 100.00 85.63 100.00
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表 4 浮选开路实验结果
Table 4. Results of flotation open circuit test
产品名称 产率/% BaSO4品位/% BaSO4回收率/% 重晶石精矿 54.82 91.36 73.83 中矿2 13.32 58.36 11.46 中矿1 8.78 80.52 10.42 扫选中矿 4.82 28.30 2.01 尾矿 18.26 8.46 2.28 原矿 100.00 67.83 100.00
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表 5 浮选闭路实验结果
Table 5. Results of flotation closed circuit test
产品名称 产率/% BaSO4品位/% BaSO4回收率/% 精矿 68.96 90.38 91.78 尾矿 31.04 17.99 8.22 原矿 100.00 67.91 100.00
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表 6 精矿化学多元素分析结果/%
Table 6. Chemical multi-element analysis results of concentrate
BaSO4 CaF2 SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 CaO MgO K2O Na2O P2O5 V2O5 水溶性碱土金属（以钙计）/（mg/kg） 比重 90.55 0.34 2.30 0.28 0.15 1.94 0.20 0.072 0.16 0.28 0.035 160 3.95
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表 7 重晶石精矿的矿物组成
Table 7. Mineral composition of barite concentrate
重晶石 石英 方解石和白云石 其他（萤石、
磷灰石、褐铁矿等）90.5 2.2 6.3 1.0
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表 8 尾矿化学多元素分析结果/%
Table 8. Chemical multi-element analysis results of tailings
BaSO4 CaF2 SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 CaO MgO K2O Na2O P2O5 V2O5 18.02 5.42 33.73 2.37 1.61 18.06 2.20 0.45 0.18 3.98 0.34
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表 9 尾矿矿物组成/%
Table 9. Mineral composition of tailings
重晶石 石英 方解石和白云石 磷灰石 萤石 其他 17.7 31.5 35.0 9.5 5.3 1.0
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