西藏加查堆花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学及地质意义

永忠拉达; 卢君勇; 索朗顿旦; 罗兴海; 祝建华

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2024.01.012

西藏加查堆花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学及地质意义

1.
西藏自治区地质矿产勘查开发局第二地质大队，西藏　拉萨　850000

2.
四川省地质矿产勘查开发局二零七地质队，四川　乐山　614000

基金项目: 重要矿产资源调查计划项目：西藏加查地区矿产远景调查（12120113035000）

详细信息

作者简介: 永忠拉达（1986-），男，学士，工程师，主要从事地质调查及矿产勘查工作

通讯作者: 卢君勇（1987-），男，学士，工程师，主要从事地质调查及矿产勘查工作。

中图分类号: TD989

收稿日期: 2022-09-29

刊出日期: 2024-02-25

Geochronology and Geochemistry of the Jiachadui Ganodiorite in Xizang and its Geological Implications

1.
No. 2 Geological Brigade of Xizang (Autonomous Region) Bureau of Exploration & Development of Geology & Mineral Resources, Lasa 850000, Xizang, China

2.
207 Geological Brigade of Sichuan Bureau of Exploration & Development of Geology & Mineral Resources, Leshan 614000, Sichuan, China

More Information

Corresponding author: LU Junyong, 315446702@qq.com

Received Date: 29 September 2022

Publish Date: 25 February 2024

摘要

摘要:
这是一篇地球科学领域的论文。冈底斯带岩浆岩是青藏高原基础地质研究中的热门问题。现已有的研究主要集中在中新生代，本文对早古生代代表岩体加查堆似斑状黑云母二长花岗闪长岩利用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年方法，结合岩石地球化学特征及各类图解法对加查堆花岗岩物源及区域构造属性进行分析，经研究表明岩石具有富铝（SiO₂平均含量68.89%）、高碱（Na₂O+K₂O平均含量6.26%）、富钾（K₂O/Na₂O=1.03）、低TiO₂（平均为0.50%）和准铝质（铝饱和指数A/CNK=0.933～1.033，平均0.991）的高钾钙碱性岩系特点。稀土元素表现Eu处呈负异常明显，为Eu亏损型，Ce具弱负异常；微量元素显示大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、Nd、La、K富集；高场强元素Nb、Ba、U、Ta、Ce、Sm、Ti亏损特征；反映了岩浆来源壳幔混合型，并有俯冲洋壳熔融存在。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素年龄为345.3±1.8 Ma，其形成时代为早石炭世。投点均落入I型花岗岩区，图解显示其形成于大陆岛弧环境，岩石经历了从板块碰撞前→同碰撞造山过程，显示了岩浆演化过程较长；火山岩组合及其地球化学特征标志着岛弧产生(初始岛弧)→发展(早期岛弧)→成熟(成熟岛弧)的演变过程。
- 地球科学 /
- LA-ICPMS U-Pb定年 /
- 锆石微量元素 /
- 加查 /
- 早石炭世 /
- 花岗闪长岩
Abstract:
This is an article in the field of earth sciences. Magmatic rocks of the Gondwana Belt are one of the most popular problems in basic geological research on the Xizang-Qinghai Plateau. In this paper, we analyze the physical origin and regional tectonic properties of the Gachatai granite using LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating method, combined with the geochemical characteristics of the rocks and various graphical methods. The rocks are characterized by high alkali (average Na₂O+K₂O content of 6.26%), potassium (K₂O/Na₂O=1.03), low TiO₂ (average 0.50%) and quasi-aluminous (aluminum saturation index A/CNK=0.933～1.033, average 0.991) high potassium-calcium-alkaline rock system. Rare earth elements show negative anomalies at Eu, which is the Eu-deficient type, and Ce has weak negative anomalies; trace elements show enrichment of large ion-parental elements Rb, Th, Nd, La and K; high field strength elements Nb, Ba, U, Ta, Ce, Sm and Ti are deficient; reflecting the mixed crust-mantle type of magma origin and the presence of subduction oceanic crustal melting. The zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb isotopic age is （345.3±1.8） Ma, and its formation age is Early Carboniferous. The analysis of the regional geological data suggests that this magmatic event is a product of the formation of the northern part of the eastern Gondwana continent after the breakup of the Rodinia supercontinent. The project points go to I-type granite, the discriminant diagrams indicate it’s formed from continental island arc, going through time before plate collision to co-collisional orogenic movement, which indicates a long period time of magmatic evolution; the rock geochemical characteristics show the environment of magmatic evolution changed from the start of island arc(primary island arc)-development(early stage island arc)-maturement(full-grown island arc).
- Earth sciences /
- LA-ICPMS U-Pb dating /
- Zircon trace elements /
- Jiacha /
- Early Carboniferous /
- Granitic amphibolite

HTML全文

图 1 青藏高原大地构造(据Yin and Harrison (2000)^[10]和 Ma et al. (2014)^[11]修改)

Figure 1.

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图 2 研究区地质简图

Figure 2.

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图 3 加查堆岩体露头及镜下照片（Kf-钾长石，bit-黑云母，Amp-角闪石，Q-石英，Pl-斜长石）

Figure 3.

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图 4 加查堆花岗闪长岩SiO₂-Na₂O+K₂O（据Irvine等,1971^[14];Middlemost,1994^[15]）和SiO₂-K₂O（据Rickwood,1989^[16]）

Figure 4.

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图 5 加查堆岩体稀土元素球粒陨石标准化图解

Figure 5.

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图 6 加查堆岩体微量元素原始地幔标准化图解

Figure 6.

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图 7 加查堆岩体锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄谐和图

Figure 7.

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图 8 加查堆岩体构造环境判别^[28]

Figure 8.

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图 9 加查堆岩体R1-R2构造环境判别^[28]

Figure 9.

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图 10 加查堆岩体 Y+Nb-Rb 构造环境判别^[28]

Figure 10.

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表 1 加查堆岩体主量元素（%）标准矿物及特征参数表及微量元素（g/t）和稀土元素（g/t）分析数据

Table 1. 1 Major element compositions andtrace element and rare-earth element compositions in Jiachadui rock mass

岩体		样品号					岩性			化学成分/%
岩体		样品号					岩性			SiO₂			TiO₂			Al₂O₃			Fe₂O₃				FeO			MnO		MgO			CaO			Na₂O			K₂O			P₂O₅		CO₂	H₂O⁺		H₂O^-		∑
加查堆岩体		P1304/2-1					似斑状黑云母二长花岗闪长岩			68.68			0.51			14.03			1.85				2.62			0.032		1.39			2.68			2.96			3.55			0.12		0.44	1.12		0.19		100.172
		P1304/6-2								68.54			0.46			14.45			0.82				3.46			0.047		1.12			3.86			3.33			2.76			0.12		0.27	0.38		0.01		99.627
		P1304/8-1								69.45			0.53			14.01			0.80				3.22			0.041		1.43			3.05			2.99			3.19			0.11		0.26	0.86		0.01		99.951

样品号		CIPW标准矿物及含量/%																					特征参数
样品号		Or		Ab				An		C		Di			Hy			Q				Ap			σ			A·R		A/CNK			DI			SI		A/MF			C/MF
P1304/2-1		21.22		25.33				10.01		1.71		-			6.12			30.67				0.28			1.64			2.28		1.033			77.22			11.24		1.46			0.51
P1304/6-2		16.43		28.38				16.45		-		0.43			7.63			27.68				0.28			1.45			2		0.933			72.49			9.75		1.64			0.8
P1304/8-1		19.02		25.53				13.06		0.9		-			8.09			30.35				0.26			1.44			2.14		1.007			74.9			12.3		1.52			0.6

岩体	样品号		岩性						微量元素含量/（g/t）
岩体	样品号		岩性						Rb	Sr	Zr			Nb			Th			Pb	Ga			Zn			Cu		Ni		V	Cr			Hf				Sc		Ta			Co		U		Ba
加查堆岩体	P1304/2-1		似斑状黑云母二长花岗闪长岩						170.6	196	178.4			14.0			15.4			18.2	16.8			72.8			15.4		4.05		69.3	18.5			9.42				11.8		1.24			9.18		1.44		508.3
	P1304/6-2								131.8	269	174.5			16.4			15.5			25.1	17.6			76.8			9.43		3.28		71.6	15.8			12.7				11.9		1.46			9.17		2.96		444.6
	P1304/8-1								126.2	221	168.1			13.7			16.4			25.5	17.7			68.6			6.38		3.17		59.9	16.3			10.0				10.6		1.18			8.11		3.58		517.7

样品号	稀土元素含量/（g/t）																																		特征参数
样品号	La		Ce		Pr	Nd			Sm	Eu	Gd			Tb			Dy			Ho	Er			Tm			Yb		Lu		Y	ΣREE			LREE				HREE		LREE/HREE			δEu		δCe		(La/Yb)_N
P1304/2-1	45.6		80.6		9.09	32.3			5.98	1.06	6.02			1.13			6.45			1.46	4.37			0.70			4.45		0.63		45.2	199.84			174.63				25.21		6.93			0.53		0.91		7.35
P1304/6-2	41.8		73.3		8.46	30.2			5.65	0.97	5.69			1.00			6.14			1.44	4.35			0.73			4.58		0.71		45.1	185.02			160.38				24.64		6.51			0.52		0.90		6.55
P1304/8-1	45.1		78.2		8.88	31.3			5.48	0.98	5.41			0.95			5.57			1.29	3.88			0.66			4.09		0.63		40.3	192.42			169.94				22.48		7.56			0.54		0.90		7.91

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表 2 加查堆岩体锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素分析结果

Table 2. LA-ICP-MS U-Pb isotopic data of zircon from Jiachadui rock mass

样品	含量(g/t)		Th/U	同位素比值						年龄/Ma
样品	²³²Th	²³⁸U	Th/U	²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb	1σ	²⁰⁷Pb/²³⁵U	1σ	²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U	1σ	²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb	1σ	²⁰⁷Pb/²³⁵U	1σ	²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U	1σ
JCD2-TW1	1195	5361	0.22	0.0534	0.0012	0.4062	0.0102	0.0547	0.0008	346	50	346	7	343	5
JCD2-TW2	827	3833	0.22	0.0524	0.0011	0.3981	0.0087	0.0548	0.0005	302	50	340	6	344	3
JCD2-TW3	1322	5378	0.25	0.0530	0.0012	0.4025	0.0102	0.0546	0.0007	328	56	343	7	342	4
JCD2-TW4	923	4122	0.22	0.0540	0.0012	0.4172	0.0097	0.0557	0.0005	369	52	354	7	350	3
JCD2-TW5	1322	5370	0.25	0.0538	0.0012	0.4069	0.0094	0.0546	0.0007	361	44	347	7	343	4
JCD2-TW6	1030	4371	0.24	0.0542	0.0013	0.4135	0.0098	0.0550	0.0005	389	54	351	7	345	3
JCD2-TW7	1379	5699	0.24	0.0528	0.0012	0.4019	0.0099	0.0549	0.0006	320	54	343	7	345	4
JCD2-TW8	1456	5634	0.26	0.0537	0.0013	0.4072	0.0102	0.0548	0.0006	367	56	347	7	344	4
JCD2-TW9	1162	4762	0.24	0.0531	0.0014	0.4095	0.0113	0.0555	0.0006	332	59	348	8	348	4
JCD2-TW10	1099	4196	0.26	0.0531	0.0012	0.4079	0.0095	0.0553	0.0006	332	52	347	7	347	4
JCD2-TW11	1034	3317	0.31	0.0568	0.0015	0.4341	0.0110	0.0552	0.0006	483	53	366	8	346	4
JCD2-TW12	1100	4387	0.25	0.0559	0.0013	0.4301	0.0104	0.0553	0.0006	456	52	363	7	347	3
JCD2-TW13	1347	5154	0.26	0.0535	0.0012	0.4098	0.0091	0.0551	0.0004	350	52	349	7	346	3
JCD2-TW14	1538	5990	0.26	0.0532	0.0012	0.4074	0.0094	0.0549	0.0006	345	52	347	7	345	4
JCD2-TW15	1377	5588	0.25	0.0526	0.0013	0.4030	0.0099	0.0548	0.0006	322	56	344	7	344	4

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表 3 加查堆岩体和邻区其他典型类型火山岩微量元素对比

Table 3. Trace element comparison between Jiachadui rock mass and adjacent areas

岩石类型	Co	Cr	Zr	V	Sc	Nb	Y	Zr/Y	Sc/Cr	Cr/V	Rb/Sr	Ba/Rb	Ba/Sr
加查堆岩体闪长岩	8.82	16.9	174	66.93	11.43	14.7	43.53	4	0.68	0.25	0.62	3.43	2.14
羌塘安山岩^[29]	20.85	33.27	141.09	225.07	27.85	9.28	19.83	7.11	0.84	0.15	0.097	11.45	1.11
啊扎侵入体闪长岩^[30]	18.32	16.69	105.32	88.48	-	5.6	8.66	12.16	-	0.19	0.08	8.70	0.71
丝波绒曲花岗闪长岩^[31]	11.8	14	136	89.8	7.81	4.27	12.3	11.06	0.56	0.16	0.10	9.81	0.97

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