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摘要:
这是一篇矿物材料领域的论文。通过沥青包覆球形晶质石墨和炭化处理制备出锂离子电池负极材料，系统探究了沥青软化点对沥青炭化包覆球形晶质石墨负极材料结构和电化学性能的影响。结果表明，沥青炭化包覆后在石墨表面形成了一层无定形炭，改善了球形晶质石墨的表面形貌，但未改变其晶体结构；高沥青软化点包覆后的复合材料具有更好的电化学性能和循环稳定性，在温度为280 ℃条件下，经过30次循环充放电后容量没有明显的衰减，容量保持率为85.07%，比未处理的试样提高了4.74%。
Abstract:This is an article in the field of mineral materials. The effect of pitch softening point on the structure and electrochemical performance of pitch carbonized spherical crystalline graphite anode materials were systematically investigated. The results show that a layer of amorphous carbon is formed on the surface of graphite after carbonization of pitch, which improves the surface morphology of spherical crystalline graphite, but does not change its crystal structure; The composites with high pitch softening point have better electrochemical performance and cycling stability. After 280 cycles of temperature, the capacity of the composites is not significantly reduced after 30 cycles of charge discharge, and the capacity retention rate is 85.07%, which is 4.74% higher than that of the untreated ones.
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表 1 石油沥青基本性质
Table 1. Basic properties of petroleum asphalt
原料 编号 软化点/ ℃ 结焦值/% 喹啉不溶物/% 灰分/% 石油沥青1 XD-150 157.4 40.75 0.22 0.039 石油沥青2 XD-200 202.0 53.44 0.11 0.010 石油沥青3 XD-280 272.8 76.61 0.19 0.017 
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表 2 不同软化点沥青包覆试样首次充放电性能
Table 2. First charge/discharge performance of asphalt-coated specimens with different softening points
试样 充电容量/mAhg-1 放电容量/mAhg-1 不可逆容量/mAhg-1 首次充放
电效率/%未处理 364 393.6 29.6 92.48 XD-150 361.6 394.8 33.2 91.59 XD-200 362.7 397.0 34.3 91.36 XD-280 361.1 402.1 41 89.80
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表 3 不同软化点沥青包覆试样倍率充放电性能
Table 3. Multiplication rate charge/discharge performance of asphalt-coated specimens with different softening points
试样 放电容量保持率/% 0.1 C容量保持率/% 0.2C 0.5C 1 C 未处理 90.98 70.1 27.93 98.96 XD-150 93.21 77.63 41.5 99.56 XD-200 93.64 78.23 46.43 99.57 XD-280 96.08 86.62 76.69 99.59
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