3D Geological Modeling Based on Multi-source Data: Taking Binhai Bay New Area of Dongguan City as an Example
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摘要: 由于地质结构的复杂性、地质数据的多源异构性，复杂地质体的快速自动化建模一直是三维地质建模领域的研究难点。本文以东莞市滨海湾新区为例，使用MAPGIS 10.0 软件，采用基于多源数据约束的钻孔自动建模和基岩产状下推建模融合的建模方法，并在区域分界面-基岩顶面的约束下实现第四系地质体与基岩地质体的无缝拼接，实现了复杂层状地质体的快速自动构建。对于建模区域第四系地质体的构建，采用针对层状地质体建模的多源数据约束钻孔自动建模方法，以钻孔为基础数据，采用不规则三角网构建第四系地质界面，同时加入地质剖面、地质图、数字高程模型等多源数据作为约束，弥补了钻孔分布的不均匀性，使建立的模型更加符合实际地质情况。对于浅层基岩地质体的构建，使用基于基岩地质图、断层和产状信息的基岩产状下推建模方法，在保证建模效果的前提下，提高了建模效率和自动化程度，并能准确地反映断层等地质现象。计算的实际孔与模型孔的地层厚度差值表明构建的三维地质模型精度较高，可为东莞市滨海湾新区城市地质工作提供重要的基础数据支撑。Abstract: As the complex geological structure and multi-source heterogeneous data, the rapid automatic modeling of complex geological body is the challenge in 3D geological modeling. Taking Binhai Bay New Area of Dongguan City as an example, using MAPGIS 10.0 software, adopting the modeling method of integrating the automatic borehole modeling based on multi-source data constraints and the downward modeling of the bedrock attitude, the seamless splicing is realized of the Quaternary geological body and the bedrock geological body under the constraints of the regional interface - the top surface of the bedrock, and the rapid automatic construction of the complex layered geological body is also completed. For the construction of part of the Quaternary geological body in the modeling area, the multi-source data constraint boreholes automatic modeling method for the modeling of layered geological body is adopted. Based on the boreholes data, the triangular irregular networks is used to construct the Quaternary geological interface, and the multi-source data such as geological section, geological map, digital elevation model and so on are added as constraints to compensate for the uneven distribution of the boreholes , so that the established model is more in line with the actual geological situation. For the construction of some geological bodies of shallow bedrock, downward modeling of bedrock attitude based on bedrock geological map, fault and attitude information is used to improve the modeling efficiency and automation degree, and accurately reflect geological phenomena such as faults, on the premise of ensuring the modeling effect. The difference of stratum thickness between the calculated actual hole and the model hole shows that the 3D geological model built has a high precision, which can be important basic data support for urban geological work in Binhai Bay New Area, Dongguan City.
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